Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Valentin Borzan, Elisabeth Lerchbaum, Cornelia Missbrenner, Annemieke C. Heijboer, Michaela Goschnik, Christian Trummer, Verena Theiler-Schwetz, Christoph Haudum, Roswitha Gumpold, Natascha Schweighofer, Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch
Summary: The study found that women with hyperandrogenism have a higher risk of developing insulin resistance, even without other PCOS symptoms. It is recommended to adopt different diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for PCOS phenotypes to consider varying risks of developing metabolic diseases.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Enrico Carmina, Rogerio A. Lobo
Summary: This study investigated the influence of body weight on the various phenotypes of women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). It revealed that the Rotterdam diagnostic criteria fail to differentiate between obese patients with altered metabolic patterns and lean patients with normal metabolic patterns. A new classification system is needed.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Fei Guo, Zhentao Gong, Taniya Fernando, Lingshan Zhang, Xiaoyong Zhu, Yingli Shi
Summary: This retrospective study examined lipid profiles in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and assessed the correlation between changes in key lipid parameters and PCOS characteristics. The study found a high prevalence of dyslipidemia in Chinese PCOS patients, with different lipid profiles observed in individuals with different PCOS characteristics. The findings suggest a complex relationship between lipid metabolism and PCOS characteristics, which may explain the increased risk of long-term cardiovascular disease. Regular screening of blood lipids is important for PCOS women, and further research is needed to identify optimal subgroups for lipid-lowering treatment and assess therapeutic effectiveness.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yuanyuan Gu, Guannan Zhou, Fangyue Zhou, Qiongwei Wu, Chengbin Ma, Yi Zhang, Jingxin Ding, Keqin Hua
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine and metabolic disorder that affects women of reproductive age. Lifestyle modifications, including diet modifications and exercise, have been recognized as the first-line management for PCOS. However, research on the mechanism of lifestyle modifications, appropriate diet composition, and specific exercise types for PCOS is limited.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
P. Moghetti, F. Tosi
Summary: PCOS is a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, often associated with metabolic abnormalities and insulin resistance. The relationship between androgen excess and insulin resistance is complex, with bidirectional connections and contributions from other factors.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ivan Gimenez-Peralta, Mariela Lilue, Nicolas Mendoza, Jan Tesarik, Marina Mazheika
Summary: This study found that using the ultrasound criterion of 23 or more follicles of any size can replace the classic Rotterdam criterion and accurately diagnose and determine the risk of metabolic-endocrine changes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Emanuele Garzia, Valentina Galiano, Giovanni Marfia, Stefania Navone, Enzo Grossi, Anna Maria Marconi
Summary: The aim of this study was to identify reliable predictors of response to metformin therapy for weight loss and reduction in plasma androgen levels using artificial neural networks (ANNs). The results showed that in women with PCOS, menstrual pattern imbalance and ovarian androgens excess are the best predictors of metformin response. Baseline plasma testosterone level can serve as a sensitive marker to predict treatment compliance.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ali Aflatounian, Valentina Rodriguez Paris, Dulama Richani, Melissa C. Edwards, Blake J. Cochran, William L. Ledger, Robert B. Gilchrist, Michael J. Bertoldo, Lindsay E. Wu, Kirsty A. Walters
Summary: PCOS is characterized by reproductive and endocrine abnormalities, with metabolic dysregulation. Recent study found that treating obese, pre-diabetic women with NMN could improve skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity. The research on DHT-induced PCOS mouse model showed that NMN treatment could normalize NAD levels in muscle, leading to the improvement of metabolic dysfunction and insulin sensitivity.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Neena Malhotra, Reeta Mahey, Rohitha Cheluvaraju, Keerthana Rajasekaran, Deeksha Patkar, Priyanka Prabhakar, Monika Rajput, Ashish Upadhyay
Summary: This study evaluated the serum AMH levels among different PCOS phenotypes and found that high AMH levels are associated with worse clinical, endocrinological, and metabolic parameters. The ROC analysis identified a cutoff value of >= 6.06 ng/mL for the diagnosis of PCOS. These findings can be used to guide treatment response, individualized management, and prediction of reproductive and long-term metabolic outcomes.
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lucas Bandeira Marchesan, Ramon Bossardi Ramos, Poli Mara Spritzer
Summary: The metabolic profiles of women with PCOS in Latin America are worse than those without PCOS in the same region, with higher anthropometric and metabolic parameters. Further studies evaluating metabolic comorbidities and distinct PCOS phenotypes in different Latin American countries are needed for primary and secondary prevention of PCOS in the region.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Valeria Fedeli, Angela Catizone, Alessandro Querqui, Vittorio Unfer, Mariano Bizzarri
Summary: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinological disorder in women, characterized by chronic anovulation/oligomenorrhea, ovarian cysts, and hyperandrogenism. Recent research has shown that inositol isomers, myo-Inositol and D-Chiro-Inositol, have pharmacological effects in managing PCOS symptoms and fertility. However, the specific biological functions of these isomers need further investigation, as D-Chiro-Inositol stimulates androgen synthesis while myo-Inositol activates FSH response and aromatase activity. Combination therapy of the two isomers in the physiological ratio has been found to be beneficial for PCOS patients. Insulin hypersensitivity is likely a shared feature of PCOS ovaries, and the imbalance of D-Chiro-Inositol may contribute to the pathogenesis of PCOS. Therefore, hyperandrogenism and reduced aromatase expression are considered as major factors in PCOS.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Leili Rahmatnezhad, Lida Moghaddam-Banaem, Tahereh Lak, Afshin Shiva, Javad Rasuli
Summary: This study aimed to determine the levels of free androgen index (FAI) and its association with oxidative stress and insulin resistance (IR) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. The prevalence of the four PCOS phenotypes in 160 participants was determined, and it was found that phenotype C had the highest FAI levels. In linear regression analysis, PCOS phenotype, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly related to FAI, while homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was not associated with FAI.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Irene E. Sucquart, Ruchi Nagarkar, Melissa C. Edwards, Valentina Rodriguez Paris, Ali Aflatounian, Michael J. Bertoldo, Rebecca E. Campbell, Robert B. Gilchrist, Denovan P. Begg, David J. Handelsman, Vasantha Padmanabhan, Richard A. Anderson, Kirsty A. Walters
Summary: PCOS is a prevalent endocrine condition with a range of endocrine, reproductive, and metabolic abnormalities; Androgen actions play a key role in PCOS pathogenesis; NK3R antagonism may be beneficial in treating adverse metabolic features associated with PCOS and support the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marco Mouanness, Henry Nava, Christelle Dagher, Zaher Merhi
Summary: Recent studies have found that dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) play a significant role in reproductive and metabolic dysfunctions associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). AGEs are reactive molecules formed by the non-enzymatic glycation process between reducing sugars and proteins, lipids, or nucleic acids. This review discusses the involvement of AGEs in key elements of the PCOS phenotype and pathophysiology and suggests targeting AGEs as a potential novel approach to treating PCOS symptoms.
Article
Cell Biology
Enrico Carmina, Rosa Alba Longo
Summary: It is well known that some women with PCOS have excessive adrenal androgen production, which is generally associated with ovarian hyperandrogenism. This study found that adrenal hyperandrogenism is more common in non-classic PCOS phenotypes and is generally part of a generalized higher production of androgens in a subgroup of PCOS patients. However, other factors may increase adrenal androgen production and influence the clinical expression of the syndrome.