Journal
TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 35, Issue -, Pages 67-73Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2012.02.006
Keywords
Analytical protocol; Direct chromatographic method; Direct injection; Environmental analysis; Food analysis; Gas chromatography; Green analytical chemistry; Liquid chromatography; Vaporizer; Waste minimization
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Funding
- Human Capital Program [POKL.04.01.01-00-368/09]
- Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education [NN 523 562838]
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We review analytical protocols based on gas and liquid chromatography (GC and LC), but involving no sample preparation. Green analytical chemistry seeks to minimize negative impacts of analytical chemistry. Direct analytical methods ideally fulfill this requirement, as they preclude sample preparation the most polluting step of the analytical procedure. We describe examples of GC methodologies for environmental and food analysis using on-column, programmed temperature vaporizers and injectors with sorbent-packed liners. Although LC methods are less amenable to eliminating sample pretreatment, we also present some successful applications of direct LC methods in environmental and food analysis, and bioanalysis. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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