Article
Plant Sciences
Han-Yang Lin, Wen-Hao Li, Chen-Feng Lin, Hao-Ran Wu, Yun-Peng Zhao
Summary: This article provides detailed information on the biology of Ginkgo biloba, covering its ecological characteristics, distribution, habitat, responses to environment and biotic factors, physiological structure, reproductive and seed characters, and the impact of diseases and pests. Ginkgo has a strong adaptability globally, with high tolerance to temperature variations, drought, and fire. Stem rot and leaf blight are common diseases in nursery seedlings and juvenile trees, which can be mitigated through shading and fertilization. Ginkgo biloba is one of the world's most distinctive trees, with significant importance in plant evolution and human society.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Magdalena Sereda, Jun Xia, Polly Scutt, Malcolm P. Hilton, Amr El Refaie, Derek J. Hoare
Summary: This systematic review evaluated the effects of Ginkgo biloba for tinnitus in adults and children. The findings suggest that Ginkgo biloba may have little to no effect on reducing tinnitus symptoms compared to placebo. The evidence for other secondary outcomes was uncertain. The effectiveness and safety of Ginkgo biloba with concurrent interventions also remain unclear. Future research should use rigorous methodology and validated outcome measures.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Marija Kovac Tomas, Iva Jurcevic, Dunja Samec
Summary: In this study, a HPLC-DAD method was developed to separate and determine five major biflavonoids in ginkgo. Tissue-specific profiling revealed that biflavonoids were not detected in plant parts not in direct contact with the environment. Leaves had the highest total biflavonoids content, with sciadopitysin being the predominant compound, while amentoflavone was the predominant biflavonoid in the bark.
Review
Plant Sciences
Dunja Samec, Erna Karalija, Sabina Dahija, Sherif T. S. Hassan
Summary: Ginkgo is a distinctive plant with excellent resistance to environmental conditions. It is used as an ornamental plant and a medicinal plant, and its bioactive potential is associated with flavonoids and terpene trilactones. Biflavonoids are important constituents of ginkgo and have various bioactivities and potential health benefits.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jinghua Ma, Nyuk Ling Ma, Dangquan Zhang, Ningpeng Wu, Xue Liu, Lei Meng, Dongli Ma, Xinya Gao, Zhiqiang Chu, Panpan Zhang, Mingwan Li
Summary: Zero waste multistage utilization of biomass from Ginkgo biloba branches was achieved through extraction of bioactive components, analysis of antioxidant and antibacterial activities, preparation and composition of pyroly-zate, adsorption and reuse of modified biochar. The results showed the abundant bioactive components in Ginkgo biloba branches and the successful incorporation of carboxymethyl cellulose and magnetic Fe3O4 into raw biochar to form a nanomaterial with improved adsorption capacity and stability.
Article
Plant Sciences
Fangdi Li, Ganping Liu, Linying Zhao, Xiaoge Gao, Zhuolong Shen, Fuliang Cao, Qirong Guo
Summary: This study examines the development and structure of Ginkgo biloba endotesta using various microscopy techniques and chemical analysis. The results reveal that the endotesta is composed of multiple layers with different structures and has a well-balanced nutritional value.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sandra Maria Barbalho, Rosa Direito, Lucas Fornari Laurindo, Ledyane Taynara Marton, Elen Landgraf Guiguer, Ricardo de Alvares Goulart, Ricardo Jose Tofano, Antonely C. A. Carvalho, Uri Adrian Prync Flato, Viviane Alessandra Capelluppi Tofano, Claudia Rucco Penteado Detregiachi, Patricia C. Santos Bueno, Raul S. J. Girio, Adriano Cressoni Araujo
Summary: Ginkgo biloba is associated with memory and cognitive improvement and has potential effects on preventing and treating aging-related diseases through its antiapoptotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory actions.
Article
Plant Sciences
Xin Han, Hao Rong, Yining Feng, Yue Xin, Xiaoyue Luan, Qi Zhou, Meng Xu, Li-an Xu
Summary: In this study, a highly efficient isolation and transient expression system for ginkgo protoplasts was established. A large number of intact and homogeneous ginkgo mesophyll protoplasts were successfully isolated using 2% cellulase and 0.25% pectinase in 0.4 M mannitol. The transformation efficiency of the protoplasts reached 40% when the concentration of the polyethylene glycol 4000 solution was 30%-40% (w/v). This system provides a technical platform for the identification and analysis of ginkgo gene functions, partially compensating for the limitations associated with the lack of a genetic transformation system.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Zhaogeng Lu, Likui Zhu, Jinkai Lu, Nan Shen, Lu Wang, Sian Liu, Qingjie Wang, Wanwen Yu, Hisashi Kato-Noguchi, Weixing Li, Biao Jin, Li Wang, Jinxing Lin
Summary: Trunk truncation can stimulate tree rejuvenation and increase the biomass and flavonoid content of Ginkgo biloba leaves.
HORTICULTURE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Dingyi Yu, Pengli Zhang, Junying Li, Ting Liu, Yaodan Zhang, Qingqing Wang, Jianbing Zhang, Xiaoyan Lu, Xiaohui Fan
Summary: Parkinson's disease (PD) lacks effective and safe treatments, but Ginkgo biloba dropping pill (GBDP) shows potential as an alternative therapy with its antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. GBDP demonstrated higher levels of certain compounds compared to the G. biloba extract EGb 761, and showed greater neuroprotective effects in in vitro and in vivo PD models. The Akt/GSK3 beta pathway may be involved in the neuroprotective effects of GBDP.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Wei Gong, Dmitry A. Filatov
Summary: Sex-determining region (SDR) in Ginkgo biloba is located in the middle of chromosome 2 and is fixed in a region of about 50 Mb, with a small non-recombining region of less than 5 Mb in males. The SDR in Ginkgo is inferred to be of Cretaceous origin based on the synonymous divergence between homologous X- and Y-linked genes. The SDR in Ginkgo exhibits only slight Y-degeneration, consistent with other dioecious plants with homomorphic sex chromosomes.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoming Yang, Tingting Zhou, Mengke Wang, Tingting Li, Guibin Wang, Fang-Fang Fu, Fuliang Cao
Summary: In this study, 69 GbR2R3-MYB genes were identified and classified into 33 groups based on their amino acid sequence and gene structure characteristics. Expression profiling in different tissues and developmental stages revealed temporal and spatial expression patterns, with specific genes showing responses to abiotic stresses and hormonal exposures. The investigation of GbR2R3-MYB19 indicated its nuclear localization and transcriptional activity, suggesting potential roles in the regulation of biological processes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Fernanda Malanconi Thomaz, Jussara de Jesus Simao, Viviane Simoes da Silva, Meira Maria Forcelini Machado, Lila Missae Oyama, Eliane Beraldi Ribeiro, Maria Isabel Cardoso Alonso Vale, Monica Marques Telles
Summary: The study found that Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE) can modulate adipocyte differentiation, increasing lipid content and gene expression of major adipogenesis markers. GbE can modify key proteins involved in the differentiation process and accelerate the expression of mature adipocyte proteins.
Article
Horticulture
Teodora Tomova, Iva Slavova, Desislav Tomov, Gergana Kirova, Mariana D. Argirova
Summary: Ginkgo biloba has been cultivated in Bulgaria since the late 19th century, with individual specimens found in almost every park. Research has shown that locally grown ginkgo seeds can be utilized as a source of beneficial compounds, with chemical composition similar to seeds from other geographical areas.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Boo-Kyoung Kim, Hae-Se Lee, Hee-Su Yang, Kyung-Bin Song
Summary: The study focused on developing antioxidant films using starch extracted from ginkgo nuts and incorporating cinnamon essential oil. The results showed that the flexibility and antioxidant activities of the films increased with higher levels of cinnamon essential oil, while the tensile strength decreased. The films also had increased water vapor permeability and a homogeneous microstructure, indicating potential for their use in antioxidant food packaging.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Neeraj Kumar, Mini Sharma, Neeti Aggarwal, Sanjiv Sharma, Malay Sarkar, Balraj Singh, Navneet Sharma
Summary: This study evaluated diffusion and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI parameters in differentiating malignant from benign pulmonary lesions. Among the parameters, K-trans showed the highest diagnostic accuracy, while mean ADC and K-trans had similar sensitivity in predicting malignancy.
CANADIAN ASSOCIATION OF RADIOLOGISTS JOURNAL-JOURNAL DE L ASSOCIATION CANADIENNE DES RADIOLOGISTES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Neeraj Kumar, Amardeep Awasthi, Anchala Kumari, Damini Sood, Pallavi Jain, Taru Singh, Neera Sharma, Abhinav Grover, Ramesh Chandra
Summary: The coronavirus pandemic has resulted in a large number of deaths worldwide, emphasizing the urgent need for effective treatments against COVID-19. This study explores the potential of combining the antitussive drug, noscapine, with antiviral drugs for treating the disease. The researchers found that the noscapine-hydroxychloroquine conjugate showed strong binding to the main protease of SARS-CoV-2, which is crucial for the virus's infection and progression. This combinatorial therapy could be further investigated as a potential treatment for COVID-19.
JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Neeraj Kumar, Damini Sood, Snigdha Singh, Suveen Kumar, Ramesh Chandra
Summary: The study presents a high bio-recognizing DNA aptamer designed for diagnosis and therapeutic role against HHV-5, showing potent binding affinity to gB and potential regulatory role in virus blockade.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Editorial Material
Pediatrics
Pawan Kumar, Sudha Sharma
INDIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Letter
Pediatrics
Pawan Kumar, Sudha Sharma
INDIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Niraj Kumar Jha, Shreesh Ojha, Saurabh Kumar Jha, Harish Dureja, Sachin Kumar Singh, Shakti D. Shukla, Dinesh Kumar Chellappan, Gaurav Gupta, Shanu Bhardwaj, Neeraj Kumar, Madhan Jeyaraman, Rashmi Jain, Sathish Muthu, Rohan Kar, Dhruv Kumar, Vineet Kumar Goswami, Janne Ruokolainen, Kavindra Kumar Kesari, Sandeep Kumar Singh, Kamal Dua
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has not only respiratory manifestations, but also affects other organs including the nervous system. Neurological symptoms such as sensory and motor impairments, as well as cerebrovascular diseases, have been reported.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Pawan Kumar, Renee L. Eriksen, Ivan Simko, Beiquan Mou
Summary: Understanding the genetic architecture of water-stress tolerance is crucial for the efficient development of water-stress tolerant lettuce cultivars, as traditional phenotyping methods are labor-intensive and high throughput phenotyping platforms can enhance breeding efficiency. Identification of genomic loci affected by water-stress using kinetic chlorophyll fluorescence and hyperspectral imaging, along with traditional horticultural traits, has revealed quantitative trait loci for water-stress related traits and markers for marker-assisted selection to develop water-stress tolerant lettuce.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Neeraj Kumar, Nikita Admane, Anchala Kumari, Damini Sood, Sonam Grover, Vijay Kumar Prajapati, Ramesh Chandra, Abhinav Grover
Summary: This study predicted highly efficacious CTL epitopes for a potential vaccine against COVID-19 through advanced immunoinformatics analysis, and molecular docking and dynamics simulation confirmed the strong immune response elicited by the CTL vaccine candidate.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Muhammad Bello Usman, Shreesh Ojha, Saurabh Kumar Jha, Dinesh Kumar Chellappan, Gaurav Gupta, Sachin Kumar Singh, Kamal Dua, Shubhadeep Roychoudhury, Neeraj Kumar, Firdos Alam Khan, Harish Dureja, Vijay Upadhye, Flavia Zacconi, Pragya Prasanna, Kavindra Kumar Kesari, Ghulam Md Ashraf, Athanasios Alexiou, Niraj Kumar Jha
Summary: Computational approaches to study neuronal impairment are rapidly advancing, requiring the development of databases and tools for data analysis. It is important to update and train young professionals, and this review aims to provide an overview of biological databases and analytical tools.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Amandeep Singh, Pawan Kumar, Sriya Yeleswarapu, Falguni Pati, Renu John
Summary: The assessment of mechanical stiffness is essential in understanding the biomechanical properties of biological tissues. Surface wave elastography is an emerging technique that quantifies the elastic properties of tissues in clinical diagnosis. In this study, high-speed optical imaging and surface wave elastography were used to characterize the elastic properties of tissue-mimicking phantoms and ex-vivo native caprine liver tissue, showing promising results for future clinical applications.
BIOMEDICAL PHYSICS & ENGINEERING EXPRESS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pawan Kumar, Renee L. Eriksen, Ivan Simko, Ainong Shi, Beiquan Mou
Summary: This study conducted a comparative transcriptomic analysis of cultivated lettuce and its wild progenitor under different nitrogen conditions. Differentially expressed genes related to nitrogen metabolism and assimilation were identified and co-expression network modules were constructed. The findings suggest that improving nitrogen use efficiency in lettuce can be achieved by regulating these genes and their regulatory factors, reducing nitrogen fertilizer waste and environmental pollution.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Pawan Kumar, Nijas Mohamed, Renu John
Summary: The presence of various insects with diverse compound eye morphology provides insights into the development of flawless vision under constraints. Existing techniques for studying compound eye morphology have limitations, but a full-field OCT system has been shown to be effective for structural imaging and analysis of compound eyes.
OPTICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Biology
Pawan Kumar, Tamanna Singh Thakur, Deepika, Neha Sharma
Summary: This study investigates the diversity of insect pests in high altitudinal transitional zones of the north-western Himalayas and finds that species of Coleoptera and Lepidoptera are the dominant pests in this region.
NUSANTARA BIOSCIENCE
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Optics
Pawan Kumar, Mohamed Nijas, Renu John
Summary: The anatomical structures of the eye in vertebrates and arthropods provide insights into the natural image-forming systems. Understanding these eye systems is important for bioinspired manufacturing and advanced instrument development. In vivo imaging tools, such as full-field optical coherence tomography, offer a detailed view of visual ecology and reduce experimental time and cost.
UNCONVENTIONAL OPTICAL IMAGING III
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Optics
Mohamed Nijas, Pawan Kumar, Aswathy Vijay, Renu John
Summary: Epidural injection is a medical procedure used for anaesthesia and pain associated with radiculopathy, where it is crucial to assess the needle position accurately. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) can be used to guide epidural injections, providing the advantage of real-time accurate measurement of needle position.
UNCONVENTIONAL OPTICAL IMAGING III
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mohammadhossein Movassaghghazani, Nazanin Shabansalmani
Summary: The study revealed high levels of AFM1 in both breast milk and powdered milk samples in Tehran, with some samples exceeding the established limits. Therefore, monitoring and regulating toxin levels in these products is crucial for maternal and infant health.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Defeng Wen, Wantong Han, Quan Chen, Guanhui Qi, Mengling Gao, Pu Guo, Yu Liu, Zhongyuan Wu, Shulin Fu, Qirong Lu, Yinsheng Qiu
Summary: Luteolin can inhibit FB1-induced intestinal inflammatory injury by inhibiting the activation of NF-kappa B and ERK signaling pathways, according to network pharmacology and in vitro experiments.
