Article
Agronomy
Rajesh Kumar, Arthita Bhattacharjee, Shruti Tiwari
Summary: Plant viruses are serious pathogens that cause severe damage to crops globally. Developing induced resistance in plants against viruses, particularly using ribosome inactivating proteins (RIPs) from non-host plants, is an effective approach. The use of RIPs has shown potential in inhibiting virus multiplication in host plants and reducing the impact of virus infections.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vandana Mishra, Ruchi Mishra, Radhey Shyam Shamra
Summary: RIPs, a potential new generation of transgenic enabling genes, have the potential to become an important tool in developing transgenic crops to combat multiple environmental stresses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Lucia Citores, Rosario Iglesias, Jose M. Ferreras
Summary: Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are enzymes from plants that inhibit protein synthesis and have been studied for decades for their antiviral properties. With the challenges posed by new viruses and difficult-to-treat viral infections, interest in RIPs is increasing. Moreover, the need to control crop diseases without using harmful phytosanitary products has led to RIPs being explored as promising tools for developing virus-resistant transgenic plants.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jian Liu, Daxing Wen, Xianliang Song, Peisen Su, Jianfeng Lou, Danqing Yao, Chunqing Zhang
Summary: Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are present in bacteria, fungi, and plants, with various biological resistances. Our study identified 1592 RIP genes in these organisms, with bacterial RIPs being primarily Shiga-like toxins and fungal RIPs being secreted proteins. RIPs were found in seed plants, possibly related to seed or fruit structure.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Allali Aimad, El Abdali Youness, Rezouki Sanae, Abdelfattah El Moussaoui, Mohammed Bourhia, Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah, Abdulhakeem Alzahrani, Heba Khalil Alyahya, Nawal A. Albadr, Hiba-Allah Nafidi, Lahcen Ouahmane, Fadli Mohamed
Summary: This study assessed the chemical composition and activities of O. compactum essential oil used in the Mediterranean diet. The results showed that the essential oil had broad-spectrum antifungal and insecticidal activities, as well as moderate repellent activity.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Sara Ragucci, Stefany Castaldi, Nicola Landi, Rachele Isticato, Antimo Di Maro
Summary: Ageritin from poplar mushrooms is an antifungal enzyme that inhibits the growth of various fungi affecting crops. It specifically hydrolyzes a phosphodiester bond in the large rRNA, blocking protein synthesis. The antifungal activity of ageritin was demonstrated against Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum truncatum, and Alternaria alternata, while no effect was observed on Trichoderma harzianum. In vitro studies revealed that ageritin can damage fungal ribosomes, and further experiments in liquid medium confirmed its concentration-dependent antifungal effect on B. cinerea and T. harzianum.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Masoumeh Rezaei-Moshaei, Ali Dehestani, Ali Bandehagh, Ali Pakdin-Parizi, Majid Golkar, Reza Heidari-Japelaghi
Summary: In this study, a new type 2 RIP sequence (pebulin) was isolated and cloned from dwarf elder native to Iran. The recombinant pebulin protein was expressed in E. coli with the help of a chaperone plasmid and low temperature incubation to enhance solubility. Hemagglutination, anticancer, and antifungal assays showed that pebulin agglutinated erythrocytes, inhibited cancer cell proliferation, and had growth-inhibiting effects against plant pathogenic fungi.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
David J. Flavell, Sopsamorn U. Flavell
Summary: Targeted toxins (TT) for cancer treatment have shown significant clinical activity. This paper reviews the clinical experience with TTs based on five different type I RIPs and highlights the need for further clinical investigation.
Article
Microbiology
Zuo-Kun Shi, Dan Wen, Meng-Meng Chang, Xiao-Mei Sun, Yan-Hong Wang, Chi-Hang Cheng, Li-Qin Zhang, Ai-Hua Zheng, Zhen Zou
Summary: The study reveals that the immune responses of Aedes aegypti to Zika virus can be controlled by modulating immunity-related genes and ribosomal activity. Additionally, silencing JH-regulated ribosomal large subunit genes RpL23 and RpL27 can effectively suppress Zika virus infection in Aedes aegypti.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mohammad Humayoon Amini, Kamran Ashraf, Fatimah Salim, Siong Meng Lim, Kalavathy Ramasamy, Nurhuda Manshoor, Sadia Sultan, Wasim Ahmad
Summary: Calotropis procera is a valuable medicinal plant with various phytochemicals, showing multiple biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and wound healing properties. Studies on the antimicrobial activities of C. procera identified existing knowledge gaps and pointed towards future research opportunities.
ARABIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Abdelmoneim K. Abdalla, Mutamed M. Ayyash, Amin N. Olaimat, Tareq M. Osaili, Anas A. Al-Nabulsi, Nagendra P. Shah, Richard Holley
Summary: Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are metabolites synthesized and excreted by various microorganisms, playing important biological functions in interactions between bacteria and their environments, protection against hostile conditions, and evasion of immune responses. Numerous studies have shown the broad antimicrobial activities of EPS against pathogenic microbes. This review focuses on the in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activities of different EPSs against foodborne bacterial, fungal, and viral pathogens, as well as the mechanisms of action and methods of measurement.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guo Liu, Zhihua Wu, Yan Peng, Xiuhua Shang, Liqiong Gao
Summary: In this study, the transcriptome and proteome profiles of Plukenetia volubilis seeds at two developmental stages were analyzed. The analysis identified unique differentially expressed genes and abundant proteins at different stages of seed development. Additionally, the physicochemical properties and expression patterns of ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) in different organs of P. volubilis were comprehensively analyzed. This study provides valuable evidence for the safety of oil production from P. volubilis and lays a theoretical foundation for further research and utilization of RIPs in this plant.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Johana Zuniga-Miranda, Julio Guerra, Alexander Mueller, Arianna Mayorga-Ramos, Saskya E. Carrera-Pacheco, Carlos Barba-Ostria, Jorge Heredia-Moya, Linda P. Guaman
Summary: The inappropriate use of antimicrobial agents has led to the rise of antimicrobial resistance, posing a global health threat. Nanotechnology provides a potential solution through the synthesis of nanoparticles with antimicrobial activity, such as iron oxide nanoparticles. This review highlights key findings in the green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles using bacteria, fungi, plants, and organic waste, discusses challenges encountered in green synthesis with diverse organisms and materials, and explores the applications of these nanoparticles as promising antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, and antiviral agents.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Massimo Bortolotti, Stefania Maiello, Jose M. Ferreras, Rosario Iglesias, Letizia Polito, Andrea Bolognesi
Summary: Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are plant toxins that damage ribosomes irreversibly, with type 2 RIPs being particularly cytotoxic due to the linkage of active A chains to lectin B chains. Kirkiin, a newly discovered type 2 RIP, not only inhibits protein synthesis and induces apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells at very low doses, but also shows potential for pharmacological applications in neurodegenerative studies and cancer therapy.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Walter J. Lapadula, Maximiliano Juri Ayub
Summary: This article reports the discovery of ribosome-inactivating protein genes in insects and investigates their expression and function. The study found that the expression of these genes is induced by infection with pathogens and provides the first transcriptomic evidence of parasite-induced rRNA depurination. These findings suggest a possible role of these foreign genes as immune effectors in insects.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mohammadhossein Movassaghghazani, Nazanin Shabansalmani
Summary: The study revealed high levels of AFM1 in both breast milk and powdered milk samples in Tehran, with some samples exceeding the established limits. Therefore, monitoring and regulating toxin levels in these products is crucial for maternal and infant health.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Defeng Wen, Wantong Han, Quan Chen, Guanhui Qi, Mengling Gao, Pu Guo, Yu Liu, Zhongyuan Wu, Shulin Fu, Qirong Lu, Yinsheng Qiu
Summary: Luteolin can inhibit FB1-induced intestinal inflammatory injury by inhibiting the activation of NF-kappa B and ERK signaling pathways, according to network pharmacology and in vitro experiments.
