Journal
TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
Volume 23, Issue 3, Pages 386-392Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2008.12.021
Keywords
Antioxidant; Anti-inflammatory activity; Reactive oxygen species; Cytokine
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic [MSM 6198959216]
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry of Palacky University [91110171]
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Periodontitis is a chronic disease associated with inflammation of the tooth-supporting tissues. The inflammation is initiated by a group of gram-negative anaerobic bacteria. These express a number of irritating factors including a lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which plays a key role in periodontal disease development. Plant extracts with anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial properties have been shown to inhibit bacterial plaque formation and thus prevent chronic gingivitis. In this study we tested effects of Prunella vulgaris L. extract (PVE; 5, 10, 25 mu g/ml) and its component rosmarinic acid (RA; 1 mu g/ml) on LPS-induced oxidative damage and inflammation in human gingival fibroblasts. PVE and RA reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, intracellular glutathione (GSH) depletion as well as lipid peroxidation in LPS-treated cells. Treatment with PVE and RA also inhibited LPS-induced up-regulation of interleukin 1 beta (IL-10). interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and suppressed expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The results indicate that PVE and RA are able to suppress LPS-induced biological changes in gingival fibroblasts. The effects of PVE and RA are presumably linked to their anti-inflammatory activities and thus use of PVE and RA may be relevant in modulating the inflammation process, including periodontal disease. (c) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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