Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kyung-Soo Lee, Jieun Lee, Pureum Lee, Bong Chan Jeon, Min Yeong Song, Sojung Kwak, Jungwoon Lee, Jun-Seob Kim, Doo-Jin Kim, Ji Hyung Kim, Vernon L. Tesh, Moo-Seung Lee, Sung-Kyun Park
Summary: This study reveals that O-GlcNAcylation is acutely increased upon induction of ER stress by Shiga toxins, and inhibition of this modification effectively suppresses apoptotic and inflammatory responses in susceptible cells. Inhibition of aberrant O-GlcNAcylation improves major disease symptoms and survival rate in mice injected with a lethal dose of Stx, suggesting it as a potential approach to treat Stx-mediated diseases.
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Benoit Travert, Cedric Rafat, Patricia Mariani, Aurelie Cointe, Antoine Dossier, Paul Coppo, Adrien Joseph
Summary: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (STEC-HUS) historically considered pediatric disease, is characterized by bloody diarrhea, but in adults, the clinical presentation is more diverse and associated with neurological symptoms and a poorer prognosis. There is a need for more studies focused on adult patients to better understand and treat this disease.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Yang Liu, Hatim Thaker, Chunyan Wang, Zhonggao Xu, Min Dong
Summary: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC)-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (STEC-HUS) is a clinical syndrome involving hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury (AKI). Early diagnosis is crucial for improving prognosis and reducing mortality and sequelae. The review provides an overview of diagnostic methods and preventive and therapeutic strategies for treating STEC-HUS.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Lucrezia Rocchetti, Beatrice Munari, Elisa Varrone, Elisa Porcellini, Dorothea Orth-Hoeller, Reinhard Wuerzner, Domenica Carnicelli, Maurizio Brigotti
Summary: The pathogenesis of eHUS is influenced by pathogenic E. coli producing Stx and host factors. Stx2a is considered the main pathogenic factor in eHUS development, with its functional properties changing based on modifications of toxin structure.
Article
Immunology
Charles Neu, Bianka Wissuwa, Christoph Thiemermann, Sina M. Coldewey
Summary: This study investigates whether cardiac abnormalities observed in patients with HUS can be reproduced in a murine animal model. The results demonstrate that mice with HUS experience reduced cardiac output, intravascular volume depletion, and possible myocardial injury and arrhythmias. These findings have significant implications for further understanding the pathophysiology of HUS.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xinxia Sui, Xi Yang, Ming Luo, Hua Wang, Qian Liu, Hui Sun, Yujuan Jin, Yannong Wu, Xiangning Bai, Yanwen Xiong
Summary: This study found that Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) circulating in asymptomatic food handlers is genetically distinct from the strains causing disease, suggesting a low potential for disease-causing.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wouter J. C. Feitz, Samuel Suntharalingham, Meraj Khan, Carolina G. Ortiz-Sandoval, Nades Palaniyar, Lambert P. van den Heuvel, Nicole C. A. J. van de Kar, Christoph Licht
Summary: Stx2a induces NET formation in neutrophils through the NOX-dependent pathway, with neutrophils from acute STEC-HUS patients showing lower ROS and NET formation compared to the recovery phase and healthy controls.
Article
Cell Biology
Yohei Kume, Hayato Go, Ryo Maeda, Kazuhide Suyama, Tsutomu Mori, Yukihiko Kawasaki, Koichi Hashimoto, Mitsuaki Hosoya
Summary: In this study, a mouse model of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) induced by LPS/Stx2 was used. The results showed that LPS/Stx2 administration led to decreased urinary osmolality and urinary potassium, suggesting distal nephron disorders. Microarray analysis identified differentially expressed genes at 6 h and 72 h after LPS/Stx2 administration, with activation of TNFR1/2, iNOS, and IL-6 signaling observed at both time points. Additionally, pathways associated with lipid metabolism were inhibited at 72 h only. The downregulated genes were mainly expressed in the distal nephrons.
PHYSIOLOGICAL GENOMICS
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Yang Liu, Songhai Tian, Hatim Thaker, Min Dong
Summary: Shiga toxins are classic bacterial toxins associated with Shigella dysenteriae and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, leading to life-threatening complications such as hemolytic uremic syndrome. The lack of toxin inhibitors and effective treatments exacerbates the threat posed by Stxs.
Article
Immunology
Kenichi Lee, Atsushi Iguchi, Kazuhiro Uda, Sohshi Matsumura, Isao Miyairi, Kenji Ishikura, Makoto Ohnishi, Junji Seto, Kanako Ishikawa, Noriko Konishi, Hiromi Obata, Ichiro Furukawa, Hiromi Nagaoka, Hirotaka Morinushi, Natsuki Hama, Ryohei Nomoto, Hiroshi Nakajima, Hideaki Kariya, Mitsuhiro Hamasaki, Sunao Iyoda
Summary: This study reports a fatal case of hemolytic uremic syndrome caused by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in Japan. The genotype of the isolate was identified as OX18:H2, and whole-genome sequencing revealed 3 potentially pathogenic lineages (OX18:H2, H19, and H34) that have been continuously isolated in Japan.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Romina S. Alvarez, Fernando D. Gomez, Elsa Zotta, Adrienne W. Paton, James C. Paton, Cristina Ibarra, Flavia Sacerdoti, Maria M. Amaral
Summary: In vitro, Stx2 and SubAB had similar effects on renal cell damage individually and together; however, in vivo, co-injection of these toxins reduced survival time, caused weight loss, worsened renal function, and induced erythrocyte morphological alterations in mice more severely compared to separate injections. This study provides valuable information on the in vivo effects of Stx2 and SubAB acting together during STEC infections.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Wiebke Pirschel, Antonio N. Mestekemper, Bianka Wissuwa, Nadine Krieg, Sarah Kroller, Christoph Daniel, Florian Gunzer, Emanuela Tolosano, Michael Bauer, Kerstin Amann, Stefan H. Heinemann, Sina M. Coldewey
Summary: Thrombotic microangiopathy, hemolysis and acute kidney injury are typical characteristics of HUS. This study investigated the impact of haptoglobin and hemopexin on HUS. The results showed that haptoglobin deficiency decreased survival rate, while hemopexin deficiency reduced kidney inflammation and thrombotic microangiopathy. Low dose haptoglobin administration attenuated kidney damage. Signs of kidney hemoglobin degradation were observed in HUS.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julie Haendiges, Karen Jinneman, Narjol Gonzalez-Escalona
Summary: This study compared the performance of sequencing using different library preparation chemistries (Nextera XT and Nextera DNA Prep), and found that Nextera DNA Prep outperformed in sequence quality, assembly quality, and uniformity of genome coverage. Comprehensive detection of virulence genes is essential for assessing virulence potential.
Article
Immunology
David Antonio Rosso, Micaela Rosato, Fernando Daniel Gomez, Romina Soledad Alvarez, Carolina Maiumi Shiromizu, Irene Angelica Keitelman, Cristina Ibarra, Maria Marta Amaral, Carolina Cristina Jancic
Summary: The research found that soluble factors released by Stx2a-stimulated HGEC modulate the activation of gamma delta T cells, with TNF-alpha playing a key role in this process.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ying Hua, Ji Zhang, Cecilia Jernberg, Milan Chromek, Sverker Hansson, Anne Frykman, Yanwen Xiong, Chengsong Wan, Andreas Matussek, Xiangning Bai
Summary: This study showed a high prevalence and genetic diversity of ehxA among clinical STEC isolates. The ehxA genotypes (subtype B and phylogenetic group II) were associated with severe clinical symptoms, such as BD and HUS, and could be used as risk predictors. Furthermore, ehxA, together with stx and eae, can be used as a risk predictor for HUS in STEC infections.