Article
Respiratory System
Kathrine Pape, Whitney Cowell, Camilla Sandal Sejbaek, Niklas Worm Andersson, Cecilie Svanes, Henrik Albert Kolstad, Xiaoqin Liu, Karin Sorig Hougaard, Rosalind J. Wright, Vivi Schlunssen
Summary: In a study of 466,556 children born in Denmark, three childhood onset asthma phenotypes were identified, and early life ACEs were found to be associated with increased odds for each of these phenotypes among both girls and boys.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Xiao-Jian Zhou, Zhen Qin, Jiao Lu, Jian-Guo Hong
Summary: This study compared the safety and efficacy of salmeterol/fluticasone (SFC) vs. montelukast (MON) or combination of montelukast and fluticasone (MFC) in children and adolescents with bronchial asthma. The results indicated that SFC may be more effective than MFC, especially in improving asthma control level.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Allergy
Alexander Jordan, Louise Lindhardt Toennesen, Josefin Eklof, Pradeesh Sivapalan, Howraman Meteran, Klaus Bonnelykke, Charlotte Suppli Ulrik, Jens-Ulrik Staehr Jensen
Summary: Recent observational studies suggest a potential link between montelukast use and neuropsychiatric adverse events in adults with asthma. This study utilized Danish health registers to assess this association and found a significant increase in the risk of neuropsychiatric medicine use and hospital treatment among younger individuals using montelukast.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Niyati A. Borkar, Colin Kelly Combs, Venkatachalem Sathish
Summary: Evidence has shown that there are differential incidence, prevalence, and severity of asthma between males and females. Sex differences are recognized as a significant non-modifiable risk factor in asthma pathogenesis. Sex steroids play a critical role in human development and immune system regulation, with estrogen having conflicting reports on its role in inflammation and androgens being anti-inflammatory. Women have stronger and more responsive immune elements, but the higher prevalence of autoimmune and allergic diseases contradicts this observation, suggesting that hormonal differences between sexes might modulate the immune system regulation. This review discusses the potential relationship between the immune cell system and sex steroids in the context of asthma, contributing to a deeper understanding of asthma etiology.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yan Xuan, Siyu Chen, Wei Wei
Summary: Combination therapy of ambroxol oral liquid with salmeterol and ticasone inhalation can improve pulmonary function and cellular immune factors in children with bronchial asthma, and has a high safety profile.
LATIN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Kelly P. Burke, Stephanie Grebinoski, Arlene H. Sharpe, Dario A. A. Vignali
Summary: Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has revolutionized the treatment of many cancers, but a large proportion of patients treated with ICB agents may experience immune-related adverse events (irAEs) due to mechanisms such as preexisting susceptibility to autoimmunity, aberrant presentation of self by the tumor, or loss of tolerance driven by the tumor or tissue microenvironment.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Hong Chen, Ke Wang, Tao Yuan, Xiaoming Wang, Lan Huanng, Zhenhuan Jiang, Keyang Chen, Yuejun Du
Summary: The study found that the dual bronchodilator is superior to ICS/LABA in improving lung function and is associated with a lower risk of pneumonia in COPD patients. However, there are no significant differences in other efficacy and safety profiles between these two maintenance treatments.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jara Tabitha Hees, Angelika Bettina Harbauer
Summary: Mitochondria play a critical role in neuronal function by providing ATP and buffering Ca2+. The regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis at the transcriptional and translational level is necessary for neurons to adapt to local differences in mitochondrial demand. Defects in the localization of mRNAs encoding mitochondrial proteins and contact site formation between mitochondria and endolysosomes can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction in various neurological disorders.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Amira Elfarnawany, Faramarz Dehghani
Summary: The study analyzed the effects of paclitaxel on non-neuronal cells of sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG). It was found that paclitaxel reduced cell viability, increased cell death, and inhibited cell proliferation. These effects were concentration- and time-dependent, indicating adverse effects of paclitaxel on non-neuronal cells of sensory neurons.
Article
Respiratory System
Hendrik Suhling, Christopher Alexander Hinze, Tobias Welte, Thomas Werfel, Stephan Traidl
Summary: This report describes a case of a patient with severe asthma and atopic dermatitis who developed local perioral skin infection and candida albicans during treatment with dupilumab and later with tezepelumab. After reexposure to tezepelumab, the symptoms worsened. Both antibody therapies were discontinued and multidisciplinary treatment was required.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kavya Kommaraju, Mani Latifi
Summary: The Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention publishes an annual report providing the most recent evidence on asthma treatment and clinical recommendations. It is recommended that adults with asthma receive combination therapy on an as-needed basis for mild asthma or regular daily use for moderate or severe asthma. Monotherapy with a short-acting beta-agonist is no longer recommended as initial therapy for mild asthma, with preferred rescue therapy being low-dose inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting beta-agonist.
CLEVELAND CLINIC JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
William B. B. Feldman, Jerry Avorn, Aaron S. S. Kesselheim, Joshua J. J. Gagne
Summary: Clinical guidelines recommend LAMA-LABA therapy over ICS-LABA therapy for COPD, but conflicting data from randomized trials have raised concerns. This cohort study found that LAMA-LABA therapy was associated with reduced COPD exacerbations and pneumonia hospitalizations compared to ICS-LABA therapy, suggesting it should be preferred for COPD patients.
JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Bo Song, Yuwei Zhang, Guiya Xiong, Huan Luo, Bing Zhang, Yixi Li, Zhibin Wang, Zhijun Zhou, Xiuli Chang
Summary: Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant that has adverse effects on neuronal maturation. This study used single-cell RNA sequencing to uncover the molecular mechanisms of Cd on neuronal lineage cells. The results showed that Cd alters the trajectory of neuronal maturation, induces differential transcriptome expression, and affects oxidative damage and cell cycle phases. In addition, Cd downregulates the autocrine and paracrine signals of Wnt5a. Activation of Wnt5a effectively rescues neuronal development and promotes maturation.
CELL BIOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ruirui Duan, Hongtao Niu, Tao Yu, Ke Huang, Han Cui, Chen Chen, Ting Yang, Chen Wang
Summary: The study found that PM2.5 exposure primarily affects both airway function and lung diffusion function in COPD patients, and airway function in asthma patients.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Brittany Salter, Paige Lacy, Manali Mukherjee
Summary: Recent advancements in therapeutic strategies for airway inflammation in asthma are providing alternatives to corticosteroid treatment. Targeting eosinophilic inflammation with novel biologics has shown significant success in managing asthma symptoms. Monoclonal antibody treatments have improved clinical outcomes for asthma patients. However, a significant challenge remains in identifying patients who do not respond adequately to targeted treatments. Understanding the underlying immunology and determining the immune makeup of individual patients prior to prescribing monoclonal antibody therapy is crucial for precision medicine in asthma treatment.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)