Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
B. L. Zhu, C. C. Wang, T. Xie, J. Wu, X. W. Shi
Summary: ZnO films were prepared with Zn/ZnO composite target using RF magnetron sputtering under different atmospheres and substrate temperatures. The effects of gas flow rate and substrate temperature on the properties of the films were investigated, showing that different ZnO films can be obtained under different conditions.
APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Gavin Yeung, Carey Reich, Arthur Onno, Alexandra Bothwell, Adam Danielson, Zachary Holman, Walajabad S. Sampath, Colin A. Wolden
Summary: Magnesium zinc oxide (MZO) is a leading emitter for CdTe-based solar cells, achieving high efficiency when deposited on alloyed cadmium selenide telluride (CST) absorbers. The formation of an oxygenated interface layer during the reactive sputtering process contributes to the exceptional device performance.
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Viktor Shapovalov, Anatoliy Zav'yalov, Aleksandra A. Meleshko (Morozova)
Summary: This study analyzes the discharge current-voltage characteristics of a magnetron with a hot titanium target in environments with reactive gases, showing practical applications for film deposition technologies.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Marcell Gajdics, Miklos Serenyi, Tamas Kolonits, Attila Sulyok, Zsolt Endre Horvath, Bela Pecz
Summary: In this study, gallium oxide thin films were deposited via radio frequency sputtering and it was found that adjusting the DC target potential can improve the film quality and increase the oxygen content.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Haichao Liu, Haojie Chen, Fangfang Wang, Qingling Li, Benrun Yang, Junzheng Chen, Ming Gao, Hu Zhang
Summary: This study successfully bonded an industrial grade ZnO ceramic rotary sputtering target using soldering technology, resulting in a high bonding rate and low defect area. The ZnO film prepared by vacuum magnetron sputtering with this bonding target showed excellent transmittance and uniform microstructure.
Article
Optics
Manohar Singh, Anit K. Ambedkar, Shrestha Tyagi, Virendra Kumar, Prashant Yadav, Ashwani Kumar, Yogendra K. Gautam, Beer Pal Singh
Summary: In this study, pure ZnO and Cu-doped ZnO thin films were deposited on a glass substrate using reactive co-sputtering. The structural, morphological, and optical properties of the thin films were characterized. The results showed that Cu doping modified the crystal structure, surface morphology, and optical properties of ZnO thin films. These findings are important for the research and applications of Cu-doped ZnO thin films.
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Daniel F. Fernandes, Lars Osterlund, Tomas Kubart
Summary: In this study, Reactive High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HiPIMS) was used to deposit TiO2 thin films and investigate the influence of ion parameters and deposition temperature on film crystallinity and photocatalytic performance. A long target-to-substrate distance was used to prevent unintentional substrate heating. Different pulse configurations, temperatures, and substrate bias were evaluated. Films deposited at room temperature were amorphous and required a minimum temperature of 200 degrees C for crystallization. The growth of a specific polymorph was dependent on the operation mode, with high oxygen partial pressure promoting anatase formation. HiPIMS films deposited without substrate heating showed enhanced photodegradation rates compared to the reference films deposited by pulsed dc magnetron sputtering (pdcMS). Ion assistance in HiPIMS was beneficial at moderate temperatures, improving crystallinity compared to pdcMS.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Bruno Sanches de Lima, Paulina R. Martinez-Alanis, Frank Guell, Weverton Alison dos Santos Silva, Maria I. B. Bernardi, Naiara L. Marana, Elson Longo, Julio R. Sambrano, Valmor R. Mastelaro
Summary: Studies have shown that ZnO thin films sputtered under oxygen-rich atmospheres exhibit localized structural disorder, significantly impacting their physical properties by crystallizing a highly disordered wurtzite-type structure. This structural defect leads to notable changes in UV-vis absorption and photoluminescence properties, while also affecting gas sensing performance.
ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
P. Klein, J. Hnilica, M. Fekete, M. Slapanska, P. Vasina
Summary: In high-power impulse magnetron sputtering discharge, plasma self-organizes into ionization zones rotating in the E x B direction, known as spokes. Research shows that increasing nitrogen content in the reactive mixture significantly affects the shape, velocity, and mode number of the spokes. Surprisingly, experiments with different targets showed no real differences in spoke behavior.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shuai-Kang Wang, Wen-Hao Yang, Yu-Peng Wang, Guo-Hua Zhao, Shang-Song Zhan, Duo Wang, Bin Tang, Ming-Dong Bao
Summary: This paper investigates the sputter etching mechanism and morphology of copper targets with different grain sizes under the same experimental conditions. The results reveal that targets with smaller grain sizes exhibit a uniform and dense morphology and higher target voltages.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shravan K. Appani, Mohammad Monish, R. Nandi, D. Singh, S. S. Major
Summary: High-quality epitaxial ZnO thin films and nanorods were grown on c-sapphire substrate by reactive sputtering. The morphology transformed from columnar films to vertically aligned nanorods with increase in substrate temperature. The crystalline and epitaxial quality improved, and the edge dislocation density decreased. The biaxial stress changed from compressive to tensile for nanorods at higher temperatures, leading to enhanced photoluminescence.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dmitry E. Burmistrov, Denis Yanykin, Mark O. Paskhin, Egor Nagaev, Alexey D. Efimov, Andrey Kaziev, Dmitry G. Ageychenkov, Sergey Gudkov
Summary: A technology has been developed for producing nanoscale-oriented nanorods from zinc oxide on an acrylic polymer, allowing different surface filling with nanorods, which are closely fused into the polymer and emit a wavelength suitable for photosynthesis. Potential applications include photonics, antibacterial coatings, and materials for plant growth.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Swetha Suresh Babu, Martin Rudolph, Daniel Lundin, Tetsuhide Shimizu, Joel Fischer, Michael A. Raadu, Nils Brenning, Jon Tomas Gudmundsson
Summary: The ionization region model (IRM) was used to simulate a high power impulse magnetron sputtering discharge with a tungsten target. The study found that the initial peak in the discharge current was caused by argon ions bombarding the cathode target, after which W+ ions became the dominant ions and contributed to the total discharge current. Additionally, the findings were in good agreement with experimentally determined deposition rates.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Adrien Chauvin, Gregory Savorianakis, Lukas Horak, Milan Dopita, Michel Voue, Stephanos Konstantinidis, Francois Reniers, Rony Snyders
Summary: A study on the synthesis of Al2O3-Ag cermet by reactive co-sputtering of Ag and aluminum in Ar/O2 gas mixtures is reported. The influence of important experimental parameters on the chemistry, morphology, and optical properties of the cermet coating is studied, and the photothermal property of the cermet is evaluated by measuring the surface elevation temperature under 1 sun irradiation. The data reveals that an absorbance of 0.92 and a surface temperature elevation up to 9.1 K can be reached after 30 min of illumination by optimizing the features of the cermet.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zeping Li, Xiong Yu, Yunhao Zhu, Sisi Liu, Xiaoyan Wen, Haifei Lu, Cong Wang, Xiao Li, Ming-Yu Li, Yingping Yang
Summary: In this study, ZnO quantum dot (QD) / magnetron sputtered ZnO homojunction photodetectors with excellent performance were fabricated by systematically varying the thickness ratios between two ZnO layers. The balanced ratio resulted in extra adsorption-desorption sites from the ZnO QDs and accelerated carrier transportation from the highly crystallized magnetron sputtered ZnO layers. As a result, the fabricated ZnO homojunction photodetector showed significantly increased responsivity and external quantum efficiency, paving the way for ultra-sensitive UV photodetection.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
R. Muydinov, A. Steigert, S. Schoenau, F. Ruske, R. Kraehnert, B. Eckhardt, I. Lauermann, B. Szyszka
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
H. Scherg-Kurmes, S. Koerner, S. Ring, M. Klaus, L. Korte, F. Ruske, R. Schlatmann, B. Rech, B. Szyszka
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
R. Muydinov, F. Ruske, S. Neubert, A. Steigert, M. Klaus, S. Selve, G. Koeppel, B. Szyszka
Article
Energy & Fuels
M. D. Heinemann, F. Ruske, D. Greiner, A. R. Jeong, M. Rusu, B. Rech, R. Schlatmann, C. A. Kaufmann
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
(2016)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sven Ring, Sebastian Neubert, Christof Schultz, Sebastian S. Schmidt, Florian Ruske, Bernd Stannowski, Frank Fink, Rutger Schlatmann
PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI-RAPID RESEARCH LETTERS
(2015)
Article
Energy & Fuels
D. Amkreutz, J. Haschke, T. Haering, F. Ruske, B. Rech
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
(2014)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jan Haschke, Daniel Amkreutz, Lars Korte, Florian Ruske, Bernd Rech
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
(2014)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
B. Stannowski, F. Ruske, S. Neubert, S. Schoenau, S. Ring, S. Calnan, M. Wimmer, O. Gabriel, B. Szyszka, B. Rech, R. Schlatmann
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Carolin Zachaeus, Christiane Becker, Florian Ruske, Bernd Rech
Article
Energy & Fuels
Alexandros Cruz, Florian Ruske, Alberto Eljarrat, Pawel P. Michalowski, Anna B. Morales-Vilches, Sebastian Neubert, Er-Chien Wang, Christoph T. Koch, Bernd Szyszka, Rutger Schlatmann, Bernd Stannowski
IEEE JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jens Niederhausen, Rowan W. MacQueen, Engin Ozkol, Clemens Gersmann, Moritz H. Futscher, Martin Liebhaber, Dennis Friedrich, Mario Borgwardt, Katherine A. Mazzio, Patrick Amsalem, Minh Hai Nguyen, Benjamin Daiber, Mathias Mews, Joerg Rappich, Florian Ruske, Rainer Eichberger, Bruno Ehrler, Klaus Lips
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2020)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hasan A. Yetkin, Tim Kodalle, Tobias Bertram, Alejandra Villanueva Tovar, Reiner Klenk, Marin Rusu, Josefa Ibaceta-Jana, Florian Ruske, Ibrahim Simseke, Ruslan Muydinov, Bernd Szyszka, Rutger Schlatmann, Christian A. Kaufmann
Summary: This contribution investigates the impact of thermal stress on Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 (CIGSe) thin film photovoltaic devices, focusing on their tolerance to high temperatures for potential applications in tandem solar cells. Elemental interdiffusion and chemical reactions at the CIGSe/CdS interface under thermal stress lead to degraded power conversion efficiency in CdS-buffered CIGSe solar cells. The study compares the degradation mechanisms of CdS and GaOx buffered CIGSe solar cells and proposes a model to explain the observed behaviors.
IEEE JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Engin Oezkol, Philipp Wagner, Florian Ruske, Bernd Stannowski, Lars Korte
Summary: Applying chemical passivation techniques known for n-type technology on p-type float-zone wafers can achieve excellent surface passivation and improve the efficiency of p-type silicon heterojunction technology.
PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Alvaro Tejada, Sven Peters, Amran Al-Ashouri, Silver Hamill Turren-Cruz, Antonio Abate, Steve Albrecht, Florian Ruske, Bernd Rech, Jorge Andres Guerra, Lars Korte
Summary: A quantitative analysis of thermally induced degradation of various device-relevant multi-cation hybrid perovskite films was conducted using spectroscopic ellipsometry. The study found that changes in organic cation concentrations can be quantified from the mid-infrared molecular absorption bands. Additionally, the formation of PbI2 and non-perovskite delta-CsPbI3 phases was evidenced through Bruggemann effective medium fits.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Alexandros Cruz, Darja Erfurt, Philipp Wagner, Anna B. Morales-Vilches, Florian Ruske, Rutger Schlatmann, Bernd Stannowski
Summary: Silicon heterojunction technology shows promising potential for solar cells, but the current loss related to the front and rear contacts remains a limiting factor. By using dielectric layers to reduce the thickness of the transparent conductive oxide (TCO), parasitic absorption and material consumption can be diminished, but resistive losses also increase. Experimental bifacial cells with 20 nm TCO perform similarly to reference cells with 75 nm, and a screen printing metallization method enhances the current density without compromising resistive losses. This approach has resulted in a certified champion cell with an efficiency of 24.6%.
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
(2022)
