Article
Plant Sciences
Luis Apaza Ticona, Angel Rumbero Sanchez, Cristina Thiebaut Estrada, Olga M. Palomino
Summary: This study evaluated fractions and isolated compounds from Tropaeolum tuberosum, identifying two alkamides as agonists of the transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 receptor. These compounds provide scientific evidence for the traditional use of Mashua in pain relief.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seksom Chainumnim, Audchara Saenkham, Kulvadee Dolsophon, Kittipong Chainok, Sunit Suksamrarn, Wanlaya Tanechpongtamb
Summary: Natural compounds from different parts of Momordica cochinchinensis showed significant inhibition against human prostate cancer cells. The stem extract demonstrated the highest cytotoxic and apoptotic effects, containing alpha-spinasterol, ligballinol, and fatty acids as its main constituents.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rebecca P. Chow, Kevin Nguyen, Wenyu Gou, Erica Green, Katherine Morgan, William Lancaster, Kristi Helke, Charlie Strange, Hongjun Wang
Summary: The study demonstrated that mesenchymal stromal cells overexpressing human alpha-1 antitrypsin showed improved mobility and protective functions in chronic pancreatitis mouse models, potentially serving as a novel therapeutic tool for CP-related pain.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Linlin Guo, Atish Mohanty, Sharad Singhal, Saumya Srivastava, Arin Nam, Charles Warden, Sravani Ramisetty, Yate-Ching Yuan, Hyejin Cho, Xiwei Wu, Aimin Li, Manik Vohra, Srinivas Vinod Saladi, Deric Wheeler, Leonidas Arvanitis, Erminia Massarelli, Prakash Kulkarni, Yiming Zeng, Ravi Salgia
Summary: This study investigates the role of ITGB4 and SOX2 in platinum resistance in LUSC. It shows that the expression of SOX2 and ITGB4 is high in all LUSC subtypes, but their impact on patient survival varies. CSCs isolated from LUSC patients are resistant to cisplatin, but knocking down ITGB4 or SOX2 sensitizes them to cisplatin. CFZ synergizes with cisplatin and inhibits CSC growth by inhibiting ITGB4 and SOX2 expression. CFZ also inhibits SOX2 expression epigenetically and suppresses the growth of SOX2-dependent small cell lung cancer cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dongkyu Jeon, Minjae Jo, Yechan Lee, So-Hyeon Park, Hong Thi Lam Phan, Joo Hyun Nam, Wan Namkung
Summary: ANO1, a calcium-activated chloride channel, plays a role in the proliferation, migration, and invasion of various cancer cells. In this study, the effects of two stereoisomers of resveratrol on ANO1 activity were investigated, and it was found that cis- and trans-resveratrol inhibited ANO1 activity with different potencies. Cis-resveratrol was shown to be a potent inhibitor of ANO1 and exhibited ANO1-dependent anticancer activity against human metastatic prostate cancer PC-3 cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Edward S. Schulman, Haruhisa Nishi, Amir Pelleg
Summary: Since the late 1970s, there has been a significant increase in the incidence and mortality of asthma. This review focuses on the role of endogenous purine nucleotide ATP in mast cells' physiology, particularly in allergic reactions. ATP activates P2 purinergic cell-surface receptors to trigger heightened inflammatory responses. It is the most potent enhancer of IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation described to date. The reviewed studies provide insights into the unpredictability and intensity of clinical reactions to minimal allergen exposures and potential therapeutic approaches targeting ATP-related enhancement of allergic reactions are discussed.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eriko Suzuki, Naoki Masaka, Tatsuhiro Urabe, Madoka Sasaki, Keiji Hasumi
Summary: This study reveals that the direct interaction between cancer stem cells (CSCs) and non-CSCs inhibits the division of CSCs, providing insights into the regulatory mechanism of non-CSCs on CSC proliferation in the tumor microenvironment.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yueh-Chien Lin, Yuan-Li Huang, Ming-Hua Wang, Chih-Yu Chen, Wei-Min Chen, Yi-Cheng Weng, Pei-Yi Wu
Summary: Prostate cancer is a common and deadly cancer in aging men worldwide, and recent research suggests that calreticulin (CRT) plays an important role in its regulation. In this study, we investigated the effects of CRT on the expression of beta 1-integrin in prostate cancer cells and found that it affects beta 1-integrin expression through distinct regulatory mechanisms.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
L. Michael Carastro, Ethan J. Vallebuona, Ricardo Cordova, Ashely N. Gannon, Seung Joon Kim, Corrine M. Costello, Ricardo A. Declet-Bauzo, Nagi Kumar, Jong Y. Park
Summary: Poly E, a green tea extract, has chemopreventive activity against PCa. It induces gene expression changes in PCa cells, with significant increases in MXD1 and RGS4 expression, suggesting that Poly E may exert its chemopreventive activity through the regulation of these genes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Olga G. Khudina, Yanina V. Burgart, Natalia A. Malkova, Evgeny V. Shchegolkov, Olga P. Krasnykh, Galina A. Triandafilova, Ksenia O. Malysheva, Sergey Yu. Solodnikov, Elisaveta S. Dubodel, Yuliya V. Korolkova, Sergey A. Kozlov, Sophia S. Borisevich, Evgenii S. Mozhaitsev, Victor I. Saloutin
Summary: Chemoselective O-alkylation of 1-aryl-3-polyfluoroalkylpyrazol-5-oles under basic conditions yielded a series of 5-alkoxypyrazoles (26 derivatives). They exhibited acceptable drug-like properties, as determined by in silico ADME profiling. In vivo experiments demonstrated that these compounds were non-toxic at doses greater than 150 mg/kg (most compounds were non-toxic at doses >300 mg/kg, and the lead compounds were non-toxic at doses >600 mg/kg).
Article
Microbiology
Sinenhlanhla Mtshali, Byron A. Jacobs
Summary: Physiologically based pharmacokinetic models have gained popularity in drug development and regulatory science. This study validates the model's effectiveness in predicting drug-drug interaction and the pharmacokinetics of antiretroviral and anti-TB drugs through mathematical solving and sensitivity analysis.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Carsten Uhd Nielsen, Nanna Friberg Krog, Ilham Sjekirica, Sidsel Strandgaard Nielsen, Maria L. Pedersen
Summary: Solute carriers (SLC) play a crucial role in the uptake of sarcosine and glycine in prostate cancer cells, and hyperosmotic stress can affect their uptake.
PFLUGERS ARCHIV-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Anne Natalie Prigol, Michele Patricia Rode, Adny Henrique Silva, Julia Cisilotto, Tania Beatriz Creczynski-Pasa
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between the progression to castration-resistant prostate cancer, exosome communication, and tumor angiogenesis. The study showed that PC-3 exosomes could promote invasion and tube formation in HUVEC cells, possibly mediated by miR-27a-3p.
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Swapnil Ganesh Sanmukh, Nilton J. Santos, Caroline Nascimento Barquilha, Sergio Alexandre Alcantara dos Santos, Bruno Oliveira Silva Duran, Flavia Karina Delella, Andrei Moroz, Luis Antonio Justulin, Hernandes F. Carvalho, Sergio Luis Felisbino
Summary: The study reported the interaction between T4 and M13 bacteriophages and human PC-3 prostate cancer cells, showing that these bacteriophages can impact cell migration activity and alter the expression of integrins. It was found that the non-specific interaction of PC-3 cells with T4 and M13 bacteriophages resulted in a significant upregulation of integrin genes and reduced migration activity of the cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Liping Liu, Xiaodong Sun, Yunliang Guo, Keli Ge
Summary: Evodiamine (EVO) from Evodiae fructus has antitumor effects on gastric cancer cells, mainly through cytotoxicity, including inhibition of proliferation, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and metastasis. This study aimed to investigate the role of TRPV1/Ca2+ in EVO-induced cytotoxicity in human gastric cancer cells. The results showed that EVO exposure led to ROS generation and apoptotic cell death, which could be ameliorated by pretreatment with EUK134. EVO exposure also induced ROS generation and mitochondrial dysfunction, mainly through mitochondrial ROS generation, which could be attenuated by rotenone pretreatment. Moreover, EVO-induced cytotoxicity could be significantly ameliorated by chelation of intracellular Ca2+, confirming that EVO induces cell death through Ca2+ overload. Inhibition of TRPV1 attenuated Ca2+ influx, ROS generation, and apoptotic cell death induced by EVO exposure, while overexpression of TRPV1 augmented EVO-induced cytotoxicity. Furthermore, inhibition of mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) attenuated EVO-induced cell death and mitochondrial dysfunction. EVO exposure also induced endoplasmic reticulum stress, which was depleted by EUK134 pretreatment.
CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Weslania Nascimento, Noemi Tomsen, Saray Acedo, Cristina Campos-Alcantara, Christopher Cabib, Marta Alvarez-Larruy, Pere Clave
Summary: The study found that age and gender have an impact on spontaneous swallowing frequency in healthy individuals, with older age associated with lower spontaneous swallowing frequency. Gender did not have a significant effect on spontaneous swallowing frequency. Sensory stimulation with TRPV1 agonist capsaicin significantly increased spontaneous swallowing frequency in patients with post-stroke oropharyngeal dysphagia, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for central pattern generator activation in these patients.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Emanuele Cereda, Pere Clave, Peter F. Collins, Anne Holdoway, Paul E. Wischmeyer
Summary: Targeted nutritional therapy is crucial for COVID-19 patients, starting early and continuing through recovery. While literature emphasizes the importance of nutrition during the acute phase, there is a lack of guidance for practices across the entire patient journey.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Maura Corsetti, Sylvie Forestier, Marcel Jimenez
Summary: This review aims to provide an updated overview of the mechanisms of action of HBB and its clinical efficacy to guide clinical practice and future research.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Paula Vinas, Mireia Bolivar-Prados, Noemi Tomsen, Alicia Costa, Sergio Marin, Stephanie A. Riera, Nuria Barcons, Pere Clave
Summary: This article aims to assess the hydration status in patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) and the effect of thickened fluid (TF) therapy on it. Results show that dehydration is a common complication in OD and TF therapy has a positive effect on hydration status, although strict monitoring of fluid intake is necessary.
Article
Mathematics
Xavier Marimon, Sara Traserra, Marcel Jimenez, Andres Ospina, Raul Benitez
Summary: This study presents a method for detecting mechanical signaling anomalies in cardiac tissue using deep learning and two anomaly detectors. The approach accurately identifies the time position of anomalies and addresses challenges such as noise and variability. The study shows the effectiveness of a LSTM-based detector in experimental mechanical recordings of cardiac tissue.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sergi Casabella-Ramon, Veronica Jimenez-Sabado, Carmen Tarifa, Sandra Casellas, Tien Tina Lu, Paloma Izquierdo-Castro, Ignasi Gich, Marcel Jimenez, Antonino Ginel, Jose M. Guerra, S. R. Wayne Chen, Raul Benitez, Leif Hove-Madsen
Summary: A hallmark of atrial fibrillation is excessive spontaneous calcium release events, which can be mimicked by beta 1- or beta 2-adrenergic stimulation. The study found that beta 2-adrenergic stimulation alone can stimulate phosphorylation of the ryanodine receptor (RyR2) and enhance spontaneous calcium release. The non-selective beta-blocker carvedilol, particularly the R-enantiomer, can reverse these effects.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Noemi Tomsen, Omar Ortega, Daniel Alvarez-Berdugo, Laia Rofes, Pere Clave
Summary: This study compared the effects of increasing bolus viscosity and using TRPV1, TRPA1, or TRPM8 agonists on the swallow response in patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD). The results showed that fluid thickening and substances like capsaicin and piperine significantly improved swallow safety and speed, providing potential candidates for the development of new pharmacological strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Paula Vinas, Alberto Martin-Martinez, Claudia Alarcon, Stephanie A. Riera, Jaume Miro, Cristina Amado, Pere Clave, Omar Ortega
Summary: The prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD), malnutrition (MN), and mortality among COVID-19 patients was found to be very high. OD was independently associated with MN and mortality. Early and proactive multimodal nutritional intervention can improve the nutritional status of patients.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Laura Diaz-Marugan, Mattia Gallizioli, Leonardo Marquez-Kisinousky, Silvia Arboleya, Annalaura Mastrangelo, Francisca Ruiz-Jaen, Jordi Pedragosa, Climent Casals, Francisco Javier Morales, Sara Ramos-Romero, Sara Traserra, Carles Justicia, Miguel Gueimonde, Marcel Jimenez, Josep Lluis Torres, Xabier Urra, Angel Chamorro, David Sancho, Clara G. de los Reyes-Gavilan, Francesc Miro-Mur, Anna M. Planas
Summary: Severe stroke patients often experience respiratory and urinary tract infections. This is mainly due to opportunistic commensal bacteria translocating from the gut. This study investigated the mechanisms behind gut dysbiosis and poststroke infection.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sergio Marin, Omar Ortega, Mateu Serra-Prat, Ester Valls, Laia Perez-Cordon, Pere Clave
Summary: This study aimed to assess the efficiency of healthcare interventions in post-stroke oropharyngeal dysphagia (PS-OD) management. The findings suggest that screening and diagnosis of PS-OD can adjust and reduce hospitalization costs, while OD management after thrombolysis may not significantly reduce hospitalization costs. Videofluoroscopy is found to be the most cost-effective screening method. Rehabilitation programs and home enteral nutrition are also shown to be cost-effective. However, further evaluation and research on novel strategies are still needed.
Article
Physiology
Sara Traserra, Sergi Casabella-Ramon, Patri Vergara, Marcel Jimenez
Summary: This study aimed to assess the relationship between the integrity of the colonic barrier and the activation of enteric neural pathways associated with secretion and motility, induced by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) challenge. The study used 50 Danbred male piglets, with 16 of them challenged with an oral dose of ETEC strain F4+ 1.5 x 10(9) colony-forming unit. The results showed that ETEC increased colonic permeability and induced an increase in mast cells, but did not alter neuromuscular function.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mireia Bolivar-Prados, Yuki Hayakawa, Noemi Tomsen, Viridiana Arreola, Weslania Nascimento, Stephanie Riera, Satomi Kawakami, Kazuhiro Miyaji, Yasuhiro Takeda, Jun Kayashita, Pere Clave
Summary: The study aimed to determine the therapeutic effect of the xanthan-gum-based thickener Tsururinko Quickly (TQ) in older patients with severe oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD). The results showed that TQ greatly improved the safety of swallowing and reduced the occurrences of penetration and aspiration in a shear-viscosity-dependent manner. The therapeutic range for TQ was found to be 100-800 mPa·s, with 200 and 800 mPa·s being the optimal doses for older patients with OD.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Noemi Tomsen, Mireia Bolivar-Prados, Omar Ortega, Pere Clave
Summary: ThickenUp (R) Gel Express (TUGE) is a new liquid thickening product based on xanthan and acacia gum, which can improve swallowing difficulties in older adults without negative effects on oral and pharyngeal residues. During a 14-day treatment with TUGE-thickened fluids, older adults experienced increased fluid intake, improved hydration status, and good tolerance.
Article
Polymer Science
Raquel Baixauli, Mireia Bolivar-Prados, Kovan Ismael-Mohammed, Pere Clave, Amparo Tarrega, Laura Laguna
Summary: In addition to shear viscosity, other texture parameters such as adhesiveness and cohesiveness are important for safe swallowing in individuals with oropharyngeal dysphagia. Texture analyzers can provide valuable information on food properties, but the protocols and instruments for assessing adhesiveness and cohesiveness are limited. This study aimed to characterize four dysphagia thickeners using different texture analyzer settings and found that the choice of test type and probe influenced the results, while the test speed could be standardized to 1 mm/s.
