Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Esmee M. van Wijk, Stephen R. Rintoul, Luke O. Wallace, Natalia Ribeiro, Laura Herraiz-Borreguero
Summary: The Denman Glacier, a major ice river in East Antarctica, has the potential to contribute significantly to global sea level rise due to its large ice volume. Recent observations suggest that warm ocean water is reaching deep troughs beneath the glacier, potentially causing unstable retreat and melting of the ice from below. These findings highlight the vulnerability of the Denman Glacier to climate change and the importance of understanding the dynamics of warm water intrusion in the region.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yue Wu, David P. Stevens, Ian A. Renfrew, Xiaoming Zhai
Summary: The study investigates the ocean response to wintertime sea ice retreat in the Nordic seas using the HiGEM climate model. It finds that under global warming, the impact of ocean response differs from that caused by sea ice retreat, leading to changes in water column mixing, temperature, and salinity.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Review
Oceanography
Michael A. Spall, Mattia Almansi, Jie Huang, Thomas W. N. Haine, Robert S. Pickart
Summary: This study discusses the transport of heat and salt through the Nordic Seas based on a regional, high-resolution coupled sea ice-ocean numerical model and climatological data. The analysis shows that warm, salty water is exported from the Norwegian Sea into the Greenland and Iceland Seas, with the mean cyclonic boundary current system and eddy fluxes playing important roles in this exchange.
PROGRESS IN OCEANOGRAPHY
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Marius Arthun
Summary: Water mass transformation and overflow of dense waters across the Greenland-Scotland Ridge play a crucial role in maintaining the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. The variability in Nordic Seas overturning circulation between 1950 and 2020 is found to be related to surface buoyancy forcing in the eastern Nordic Seas. The multidecadal variability in the Nordic Seas overturning circulation is in phase with the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability index, but there is no long-term trend.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Helene Asbjornsen, Helen L. Johnson, Marius Arthun
Summary: The study shows that the inflow across the Iceland-Scotland Ridge impacts the heat supply to the Nordic seas from the subpolar North Atlantic and influences marine ecosystems and sea ice extent further north. The inflow primarily originates from the subtropics and the Arctic, with its properties and volume transport being affected by atmospheric circulation anomalies and shifts in ocean currents. Gyre dynamics and wind forcing play a crucial role in determining the inflow properties and volume transport in the Nordic seas.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Filippa Fransner, Friederike Frob, Jerry Tjiputra, Nadine Goris, Siv K. Lauvset, Ingunn Skjelvan, Emil Jeansson, Abdirahman Omar, Melissa Chierici, Elizabeth Jones, Agneta Fransson, Solveig R. Olafsdottir, Truls Johannessen, Are Olsen
Summary: The Nordic Seas and their cold-water corals are vulnerable to ocean acidification due to low calcium carbonate saturation states and anthropogenic carbon. pH and aragonite saturation have decreased since the preindustrial era, with simulations indicating a faster decrease in pH compared to the global ocean. Cold-water corals are at risk of exposure to undersaturated waters, with scenarios suggesting different levels of endangerment based on future projections.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yulin Bai, Rui Hu, Yuanbo Bi, Chunhu Liu, Zheng Zeng, Lian Lian
Summary: This paper presents the design and fabrication of a profiling float primarily used for thermocline observations and tracking, with a focus on its depth control performance. The proposed float is composed of a frame-type electronic chamber and a variable buoyancy system (VBS) actuator chamber. The article introduces a segment PD control method and shows the superiority of this method in diving tasks at different depths. Field tests validate the depth determination and control method, with consistent results compared to simulations. The prototype float proves to be effective for thermocline observations in the upper layer of seawater or lake water.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Maciej M. Telesinski, Mohamed M. Ezat, Francesco Muschitiello, Henning A. Bauch, Robert F. Spielhagen
Summary: Changes in ocean circulation play a crucial role in centennial-to-millennial scale climate variability during the last deglaciation. Through sediment records from the Nordic Seas, researchers studied radiocarbon ventilation ages to reconstruct past variations in watermass overturning. Variability in ventilation ages among different records suggest regional shifts in deep convection and emphasize the importance of using uniform material for reconstructing bottom water ventilation histories.
GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
G. W. K. Moore, K. Vage, I. A. Renfrew, R. S. Pickart
Summary: Water mass transformation in the Nordic and Barents Seas, triggered by air-sea heat fluxes, is undergoing reorganization due to rapid warming and retreating ice cover in the region.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marius Arthun, Helene Asbjornsen, Leon Chafik, Helen L. Johnson, Kjetil Vage
Summary: Contrary to the North Atlantic, the overturning circulation in the Nordic Seas is projected to increase throughout most of the 21st century, according to global climate models. The increased circulation is attributed to enhanced horizontal circulation and a strengthened zonal density gradient. This could potentially stabilize the future Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC).
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Takamasa Tsubouchi, Kjetil Vage, Bogi Hansen, Karin Margretha H. Larsen, Svein Osterhus, Clare Johnson, Steingrimur Jonsson, Hedinn Valdimarsson
Summary: Increased ocean transport from the North Atlantic into the Nordic Seas and Arctic Ocean is warming the region. The poleward heat transport may have contributed to the declining sea-ice extent and increasing ocean temperatures since the late 1990s.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Ocean
Samuel W. Stevens, Rich Pawlowicz
Summary: This article describes an inexpensive neutrally buoyant satellite-tracked float (Swish float) for measuring subsurface dispersion in coastal areas. These floats are cost-effective, lightweight, and constructed from commercially available components, using global navigation satellite system technology. Through field deployments and data analysis, the study demonstrates that Swish floats provide a cost-effective alternative for measuring subsurface flows in coastal regions.
JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
John M. Doherty, Yuet F. Ling, Christelle Not, Dirk Erler, Henning A. Bauch, Adina Paytan, Benoit Thibodeau
Summary: The weakening of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) is a critical element of Earth's climate system with uncertainties about the impacts of freshwater-driven disruptions to deep-water formation. Evidence suggests that a strong AMOC persisted during anomalous intervals in the past, challenging current understanding. Enhanced northern-hemisphere heating driven by deep-water formation in the Nordic Seas during warm periods like MIS 11 may have delayed glacial conditions, contributing to extended warming. Such findings may be relevant for near-future changes under a relatively fresher high-latitude North Atlantic.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yan Zhou, Dingfeng Yu, Qian Yang, Shunqi Pan, Yingying Gai, Wentao Cheng, Xiaoyan Liu, Shilin Tang
Summary: Water transparency, measured by Secchi disk depth (SDD), is an important parameter for describing optical properties of water bodies. This study evaluated SDD variations and related impact factors in the Bohai and Yellow Seas from 2003 to 2019, revealing an overall improvement in water quality with seasonal changes. Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis showed that SDD variation is mainly influenced by optical components in seawater, with strong correlations with total suspended matter and chromophoric dissolved organic matter.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qiang Wang, Zurong Qiu, Shaobo Yang, Hongyu Li, Xingfei Li
Summary: This study presents a profiling float named FUXING to understand the physical ocean laws of ocean circulation in the deep ocean. By introducing external seawater pressure as the driving force and optimizing the oil draining adjustment mode, the energy consumption and buoyancy regulation stability of the float are effectively solved. At-sea experiments confirmed the feasibility and reliability of the float, showing that the optimized oil draining adjustment mode can reduce energy consumption by more than 20%.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Gregory L. Wagner, Glenn Flierl, Raffaele Ferrari, Gunnar Voet, Glenn S. Carter, Matthew H. Alford, James B. Girton
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2019)
Article
Oceanography
James B. Girton, John B. Mickett, ZhongXiang Zhao, Matthew H. Alford, Gunnar Voet, Jesse M. Cusack, Glenn S. Carter, Kelly A. Pearson-Potts, Larry J. Pratt, Shuwen Tan, Jody M. Klymak
Article
Oceanography
Glenn S. Carter, Gunnar Voet, Matthew H. Alford, James B. Girton, John B. Mickett, Jody M. Klymak, Larry J. Pratt, Kelly A. Pearson-Potts, Jesse M. Cusack, Shuwen Tan
Article
Oceanography
Magdalena Andres, Mika Siegelman, Verena Hormann, Ruth C. Musgrave, Sophia T. Merrifield, Daniel L. Rudnick, Mark A. Merrifield, Matthew H. Alford, Gunnar Voet, Hemantha W. Wijesekera, Jennifer A. MacKinnon, Luca Centurioni, Jonathan D. Nash, Eric J. Terrill
Article
Oceanography
Gunnar Voet, Matthew H. Alford, Jennifer A. MacKinnon, Jonathan D. Nash
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
(2020)
Article
Oceanography
Conrad A. Luecke, Brian K. Arbic, James G. Richman, Jay F. Shriver, Matthew H. Alford, Joseph K. Ansong, Steven L. Bassette, Maarten C. Buijsman, Dimitris Menemenlis, Robert B. Scott, Patrick G. Timko, Gunnar Voet, Alan J. Wallcraft, Luis Zamudio
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2020)
Article
Oceanography
Madeleine M. Hamann, Matthew H. Alford, Andrew J. Lucas, Amy F. Waterhouse, Gunnar Voet
Summary: The study on La Jolla Canyon System (LJCS) reveals that internal tides mainly dissipate within the canyon system instead of leaking over the sidewalls or siphoning energy to other wave frequencies. The mode-1 tide shows partly standing characteristics, while modes 2-5 exhibit progressive features.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
(2021)
Article
Oceanography
Kristin L. Zeiden, Jennifer A. MacKinnon, Matthew H. Alford, Daniel L. Rudnick, Gunnar Voet, Hemantha Wijesekera
Summary: This study examines the submesoscale vorticity generated by upper-ocean flows around Palau using an array of moorings. The research reveals a complex relationship between vorticity and various oceanic forces, suggesting that the formation of vorticity is influenced by factors such as Coriolis force, tides, and inertial oscillations. Additionally, the study highlights the nonlinear relationship between subinertial velocity and superinertial vorticity, as well as the impact of strong westward flows on tidal bands vorticity.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
(2021)
Article
Oceanography
Ratnaksha Lele, Sarah G. Purkey, Jonathan D. Nash, Jennifer A. MacKinnon, Andreas M. Thurnherr, Caitlin B. Whalen, Sabine Mecking, Gunnar Voet, Lynne D. Talley
Summary: The abyssal southwest Pacific basin has warmed significantly between 1992 and 2017, affecting the heat budget and diffusive heat fluxes in the basin. Different methods are used to estimate vertical diffusive heat fluxes, including temperature measurements, parameterization, and kinetic energy parameterization.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Miles M. P. Couchman, Bethan Wynne-Cattanach, Matthew H. Alford, Colm-cille P. Caulfield, Rich R. Kerswell, Jennifer A. MacKinnon, Gunnar Voet
Summary: Understanding how ocean turbulence transports heat is crucial for global circulation models. A new data-driven approach using unsupervised machine learning was presented for identifying distinct regions of turbulent mixing within a microstructure dataset. Applied to data collected near the Velasco Reef in Palau, the algorithm revealed spatial and temporal correlations between mixing characteristics and various environmental factors. Unsupervised machine learning has the potential to advance community understanding of turbulent mixing patterns globally.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
S. Tan, L. J. Pratt, G. Voet, J. M. Cusack, K. R. Helfrich, M. H. Alford, J. B. Girton, G. S. Carter
Summary: When a fluid stream splits to pass around an obstruction, one branch may be controlled while the other is not. This phenomenon is observed in the Pacific Ocean abyssal circulation, where most of the southward flow of Antarctic bottom water is controlled by the Samoan Passage, while the rest flows around the Manihiki Plateau without control. This raises questions about the dynamics involved in maintaining this regime, the influence of upstream factors, and the accuracy of hydraulic theory in predicting the distribution of flow. Through theoretical analysis and numerical modeling, it is shown that a steady-state regime similar to the observed circulation can be achieved if the uncontrolled branch experiences sufficient bottom friction.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Review
Oceanography
Hans van Haren, Gunnar Voet, Matthew H. Alford, Daniel J. Torres
Summary: This study investigates the turbulence generation and internal wave breaking process on the sloping sides of ocean basins, revealing a potential correlation between turbulent intensity and near-bottom topography.
PROGRESS IN OCEANOGRAPHY
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
Bethan L. Wynne-Cattanach, Matthew H. Alford, Jennifer A. MacKinnon, Gunnar Voet
Summary: This study investigates the flow characteristics and formation mechanisms of turbulence around a sharp headland near Velasco Reef in the Western Pacific. The research finds that the turbulent dissipation rate downstream is three orders of magnitude higher than upstream, and it is associated with eddies and internal tides.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
S. Boury, R. Supekar, E. C. Fine, R. Musgrave, J. B. Mickett, G. Voet, P. Odier, T. Peacock, J. A. MacKinnon, M. H. Alford
Summary: This study investigates the spatial structure of double-diffusive staircases in the Beaufort Sea using high-resolution observational data. The results reveal irregular edges of layered water masses near the basin boundary at large scale, and abrupt appearance of layers in the 300-400 meter depth interval at smaller scales. The observations suggest that the layers are stably and possibly recently formed by the interaction of layered and unlayered water masses advected southwards by a large-scale flow.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
Gunnar Voet, Matthew H. Alford, Jesse M. Cusack, Larry J. Pratt, James B. Girton, Glenn S. Carter, Jody M. Klymak, Shuwen Tan, Andreas M. Thurnherr
Summary: The energy and momentum balance of an abyssal overflow across a major sill in the Samoan Passage is estimated using towed sections and numerical simulation. The flow driven by the density anomaly across the sill gains energy from pressure work and potential energy. Half of this energy is transferred into kinetic energy while the other half is lost to dissipation and pressure work. Internal waves radiate upward but dissipate most of their energy within the overflow layer. Form drag and topographic drag contribute to energy dissipation and momentum flux divergence.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
(2023)