Determination of fat and total protein content in milk using conventional digital imaging

The applicability of conventional digital imaging to quantitative determination of fat and total protein in cow's milk, based on the phenomenon of light scatter, has been proved. A new algorithm for extracting features from digital images of milk samples has been developed. The algorithm takes into account spatial distribution of light, diffusely transmitted through a sample. The proposed method has been tested on two sample sets prepared from industrial raw milk standards, with variable fat and protein content. Partial Least-Squares (PLS) regression on the features calculated from images of monochromatically illuminated milk samples resulted in models with high prediction performance when analysed the sets separately (best models with cross-validated R-2=0.974 for protein and R-2=0.973 for fat content). However when analysed the sets jointly with the obtained results were significantly worse (best models with cross-validated R-2=0.890 for fat content and R-2=0.720 for protein content). The results have been compared with previously published Vis/SW-NIR spectroscopic study of similar samples. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.