Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Hideyuki Katsumata, Tomoko Kawanishi, Mai Furukawa, Ikki Tateishi, Satoshi Kaneco
Summary: In this study, a sensitive and selective mixed hemimicelles solid phase extraction magnetic material was proposed for the preconcentration and determination of atrazine and simazine. The results showed that under optimized conditions, the method achieved high extraction efficiency and accuracy for the determination of triazines in environmental water samples.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Zolfaghar Aladaghlo, Siamak Javanbakht, Ali Reza Fakhari, Ahmad Shaabani
Summary: A novel sorbent, Fe3O4@GQD@GM, was designed and synthesized for trace determination of three tricyclic antidepressants. The proposed method showed excellent linearity, sensitivity, and repeatability under optimized conditions. This method was successfully applied for determination of the antidepressants in various biological samples.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yufeng Duan, Yihui Chen, Meikang Lei, Chunyan Hou, Xie Li, Shubing Chen, Keyi Fang, Tingting Wang
Summary: A novel mixed-mode hydrophobic/hydrophilic hybrid silica material has been developed for the extraction of hydrophobic and hydrophilic illegal additives from food samples. The material showed satisfactory linearity, detection limits, and recoveries, making it suitable for the determination of trace additives in complex samples.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Milad Ghani, Zahra Jafari, Behrooz Maleki, Maryam Chamani
Summary: Polydopamine-coated Fe3O4 spheres were synthesized using a simple, easy, cost-effective, efficient, and fast method. These spheres were utilized as a sorbent in magnetic solid phase extraction of gemfibrozil and warfarin. The method showed good linearity, low detection and quantification limits, and high precision, as well as satisfactory enrichment factors and recovery rates. The method proved to be useful and applicable in complicated real samples.
JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zahra Sotoudehnia Korrani, Elham Khalili, Hesam Kamyab, Wan Aini Wan Ibrahim, Haslenda Hashim
Summary: In this study, cyanopropyl-functionalized silica nanoparticles were prepared using a sol-gel approach and used as a sorbent for determining trace levels of OPPs in environmental water samples. The synthesis parameters and the performance of the sorbent were investigated, and figures of merit such as precision, linearity, LOQ, LOD, and recovery were evaluated. The designed SPE method was successfully applied to the determination of OPPs in real water samples and compared to commercial cartridges.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Fabrizio Caroleo, Giovanni Diedenhofen, Alexandro Catini, Corrado Di Natale, Roberto Paolesse, Larisa Lvova
Summary: Two phosphorous (V) corrole complexes were synthesized and tested as nitrite-sensitive fluorophores. The selective fluorescence quenching ability of both complexes upon addition of NO2- ions was demonstrated. The functionalization of the optode's lipophilic sites was found to influence its response. These sensors were proven suitable for nitrite detection in natural waters.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Amayreh Mousa, Chanbasha Basheer, Mohanad Abdullah, Fuad Al-Rimawi
Summary: This work developed a rapid technique using biosynthesized silver nanoparticles coated on a porous membrane to extract perchlorate from seafood samples with high efficiency. The method showed excellent linearity for perchlorate ion and low detection limits. The optimized conditions included sample solution pH of 6, extraction time of 10 minutes, and applied voltage of 5V, demonstrating the method's sensitivity and effectiveness.
BIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lin Zhang, Cheng Cao, Szun S. Tay, Chaohao Chen, Alexander Macmillan, Shihui Wen, Dayong Jin, Joshua McCarroll, Martina H. Stenzel
Summary: Polymer-coated inorganic nanoparticles have unique magnetic, optical, and thermal properties that make them promising drug delivery systems. However, the biological behavior of these nanoparticles is affected by various factors such as size, shape, and protein corona. This study focuses on the effect of drug loading amount on the biological activity of inorganic nanoparticles and highlights the importance of optimizing drug loading amounts in order to achieve optimal drug delivery.
CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sergey Stolyar, Roman N. Yaroslavtsev, Anna Tyumentseva, Sergey Komogortsev, Ekaterina S. Tyutrina, Alina T. Saitova, Yulia Gerasimova, Dmitriy A. Velikanov, Michael Rautskii, Rauf S. Iskhakov
Summary: Iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized through coprecipitation method and the effects of different Fe3O4/tetraethoxysilane ratios on their properties were investigated. The results showed that the magnetite core in nanoparticles had higher magnetization compared to stoichiometric magnetite nanoparticles, which was caused by the interaction with the silicate coating. Additionally, the thickness of the nanoparticle shell was found to be related to the efficiency of DNA isolation.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mingxia Sun, Juanjuan Feng, Yang Feng, Xubo Xin, Yali Ding, Min Sun
Summary: Efficient sample pretreatment and high-performance chromatographic separation are crucial for accurate analysis of complex samples. Dendrimers, with their numerous active sites and characteristic properties, show potential for sample preparation and chromatographic separation. By functionalizing dendrimers with ionic liquid, a material called SiO2@G1.5-IL was obtained, which exhibited excellent performance in both hydrophobic and hydrophilic analyte separation.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Shuibin Cen, Yi Chen, Jiean Tan, Yi Zhong, Xiaoyan Luo, Xinhong Pan, Haishui Wang, Rong He
Summary: NPIMS is an efficient adsorption material with highly ordered microscopic structure and excellent selectivity. It reaches adsorption equilibrium within 10 minutes, exhibits outstanding selectivity towards 4-nonylphenol, and demonstrates good enrichment performance when used as an adsorbent for solid-phase extraction experiments.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Moustafa M. Abdelaziz, Amr Hefnawy, Asem Anter, Menna M. Abdellatif, Mahmoud A. F. Khalil, Islam A. Khalil
Summary: This study reports the development of vancomycin-conjugated magnetic nanoparticles for targeted antibacterial activity. The nanoparticles were synthesized using a simple conjugation method and exhibited good biocompatibility and antibacterial activity, making them a potential platform for improving treatment efficacy and reducing side effects.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Saara Sirkia, Minna Siekkinen, Syeda Qudsia, Jan-Henrik Smatt, Jouko Peltonen, Leena Hupa, Terhi J. Heino, Pekka K. Vallittu
Summary: This article introduces a tribochemical silica-coating method to improve the adhesion of dental resin composites. The silica-modified alumina particles were characterized, and it was found that the modification did not significantly affect cell viability.
Article
Polymer Science
Mohsen Rezaei, Seyed Abdollatif Hashemifard, Mohsen Abbasi
Summary: This study investigates the use of modified nanoparticles and polydimethylsiloxane to improve the performance of hollow fiber membranes for membrane distillation. The results show that adding 0.5% of modified nanoparticles can significantly increase energy efficiency and water flux, as well as improve salt rejection stability.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Enric Pellicer-Castell, Carolina Belenguer-Sapina, Jamal El Haskouri, Pedro Amoros, Jose Manuel Herrero-Martinez, Adela R. Mauri-Aucejo
Summary: In this study, sorbets based on Fe-doped UVM-7 mesoporous silica were synthesized and used for solid-phase extraction of perfluoroalkyl substances from environmental water samples. Fe50-UVM-7-C-12 was identified as the best material for analyte retention, and the loading and elution steps were optimized. The method demonstrated good extraction efficiency and low detection limits in real samples.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lin Liu, Qinghua Zhang, Juan Gui, Baijuan Zhang, Hang Yang, Dawei Lu, Zigu Chen, Qian Liu, Zongxing Li, Guibin Jiang
Summary: This study investigated the occurrence of traffic-derived magnetite particles in roadside soils on the Tibetan Plateau, revealing high levels of magnetite and associations with anthropogenic activities. The sources of magnetite particles were identified as mainly from traffic emissions, particularly wear particles, rather than natural sources. These findings highlight the impact of anthropogenic magnetite pollution from traffic emission on near-road residents.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-NANO
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Weichao Wang, Yue Lin, Hang Yang, Weibo Ling, Lin Liu, Weican Zhang, Dawei Lu, Qian Liu, Guibin Jiang
Summary: Exposure to PM2.5 is a significant threat to human health globally. Understanding the distribution and processes of inhaled PM2.5 in the human body is crucial for establishing the causal links between PM2.5 pollution and diseases. However, research on the occurrence and fate of PM2.5 in humans is still limited. Therefore, further studies are needed to investigate the exposure pathways, distribution, and causal relationships between PM2.5 and diseases in the human body.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Chuanjia Jiang, Songlin Liu, Tong Zhang, Qian Liu, Pedro J. J. Alvarez, Wei Chen
Summary: Analysis and characterization of nanomaterials in the environment are crucial for understanding their behaviors and assessing environmental risks. However, the complex environmental matrices pose challenges due to the low concentration, structural heterogeneity, and dynamic transformation of nanomaterials.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Peijie Zuo, Yuming Huang, Pengfei Liu, Jingwei Zhang, Hang Yang, Lin Liu, Jianzhou Bi, Dawei Lu, Qinghua Zhang, Qian Liu, Guibin Jiang
Summary: This study reveals that the pollution level of magnetic particulate matters (MPs) in PM2.5 increased significantly during the 2021 Beijing sandstorm episodes, with anthropogenic emissions playing a major role. These findings are essential for evaluating the health risks and climatic impacts of PM2.5, particularly MPs, during sandstorm episodes.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hang Yang, Qinghua Zhang, Jiayuan Wu, Lin Liu, Dingyi Wang, Dawei Lu, Weichao Wang, Ke Min, Weican Zhang, Qian Liu, Yi Yang, Guibin Jiang
Summary: This study provides detailed analysis and characterization of magnetic particles derived from thermal power plants, revealing their significant contribution to airborne nano-magnetic particle pollution. The study also uncovers the morphological evolution of these particles and the dependence of elemental content and magnetic properties on particle size.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-NANO
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shuang Liu, Jingcun Dong, Xiaolong Fang, Xueting Yan, He Zhang, Yu Hu, Qingqing Zhu, Ruibin Li, Qian Liu, Sijin Liu, Chunyang Liao, Guibin Jiang
Summary: This study examines the impact of nanoscale metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) on neurological behaviors and neurotransmitter metabolism. The results show that exposure to MOF-74-Zn nanoparticles leads to negative behaviors and neurotransmitter metabolism disorders. This underscores the importance of understanding and safely using nanoscale metal-based MOFs.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Engineering, Environmental
Xuezhi Yang, Haonan Wen, Yue Lin, Haiyan Zhang, Yin Liu, Jianjie Fu, Qian Liu, Guibin Jiang
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Junjie Lei, Xuyuan Zhang, Wende Yan, Xiaoyong Chen, Ziqian Li, Peipei Dan, Qing Dan, Wenxi Jiang, Qian Liu, Yong Li
Summary: This study revealed the spatial distribution patterns of soil microplastics (MPs) in urban wetlands and their correlation with environmental and social factors. Through a large-scale wetland soil survey, the average abundance of MPs was found to be 379 n/kg with polypropylene, fiber or fragment, and black color being common composition, shape, and color, respectively. The results showed that MP abundance was significantly related to the distance from the urban economic center, soil heavy metal, and atmospheric particle concentrations, as well as the level of urbanization. Furthermore, the study found that urbanization level was the dominant factor driving MP pollution degree, with a total effect coefficient of 0.49. Overall, this work provides important environmental information for understanding and controlling MP pollution in urban ecosystems.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Mengjing Wang, Qianqian Li, Changzhi Shi, Jia Lv, Youdong Xu, Junjie Yang, Shae Linn Chua, Linran Jia, Huaiwen Chen, Qian Liu, Changjin Huang, Yichao Huang, Jianmin Chen, Mingliang Fang
Summary: The health risks of biodegradable plastics and their effects on the gastrointestinal tract are not well understood. In this study, we found that polylactic acid microplastics generated nanoparticles during gastrointestinal processes. These nanoparticles bioaccumulated in the liver, intestine, and brain of mice, causing intestinal damage and acute inflammation.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yan-Feng Sun, Yuming Guo, Chi Xu, Ying Liu, Xu Zhao, Qian Liu, Erik Jeppesen, Haijun Wang, Ping Xie
Summary: Minimal research has been done on airborne algal toxins. This study reports that air eutrophication may be accelerated under the catalyst of anthropogenic forcings, posing a threat to public health and the environment.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Weibo Ling, Zhihua Ren, Weichao Wang, Dawei Lu, Qunfang Zhou, Qian Liu, Guibin Jiang
Summary: This study evaluated the potential neurotoxic effects of long-term exposure to low-dose ozone on a mouse model of autism. The results showed that prenatal exposure to environmentally relevant ozone may exacerbate the symptoms of autism and lead to oxidative stress, impaired mitochondrial function, and reduced expression of synaptic proteins.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Lin Liu, Tianyou Chen, Qinghua Zhang, Weican Zhang, Hang Yang, Xiaoguang Hu, Jin Xiao, Qian Liu, Guibin Jiang
Summary: The researchers explored the application of deep learning models in image recognition of nanoscale particles and proposed a new instance segmentation model called CoMask. It can distinguish the sources of environmental particles and is competitive in performance.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Lin Liu, Yue Lin, Ke Min, Kang Xiao, Yu Di, Linyi Peng, Weican Zhang, Qin Long, Qian Liu, Guibin Jiang
Summary: Ambient ultrafine particles in the human body have raised concerns about the risks of air particulate pollution. However, the ocular surface health risks associated with airborne particles are often overlooked. This study identified black carbon particles, a component of PM2.5, on the ocular surface using a mass spectrometry imaging method and found associations with ocular indices and dry eye disease. These findings highlight the potential ocular health risks and provide evidence for the neglected aspect of health impacts from PM2.5 exposure.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ke Min, Shenxi Deng, Zhao Shu, Yong Li, Bo Chen, Ming Ma, Qian Liu, Guibin Jiang
Summary: This study reports a matrix-free laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry method for simultaneous analysis of elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) species. By using this method, the adsorption process of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) on carbon black (CB) was successfully monitored, and hydrophobic interaction was found to be the dominant adsorption mechanism. Furthermore, environmental substances such as humic acid and surfactants significantly affected the adsorption of PFASs on CB.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiu Huang, Yong Li, Guangbo Qu, Xue-Feng Yu, Dong Cao, Qian Liu, Guibin Jiang
Summary: By using laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS), the degradation pathways of black phosphorus (BP) were revealed at the molecular level without any chemical labeling. BP-based materials were found to generate characteristic peaks in LDI-MS, allowing the monitoring of the degradation processes. A new degradation pathway, nitrogen (N-2)-addition oxidation, was discovered using LDI-MS fingerprinting. These studies provide valuable insights into the chemical instability of BP and demonstrate a powerful platform for monitoring and characterizing material transformation.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Qian Wu, Li Tian, Xiangyu Shan, Huiling Li, Chao Li, Juan Lu
Summary: A novel ECL sensor was developed by modifying Fe3CuO4-Ru(bpy)3+ and GO-CdS@ZnS on the electrode for the detection of permethrin. The sensor exhibited high sensitivity and a wide detection range.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Tingting Gong, Lei Liao, Bingying Jiang, Ruo Yuan, Yun Xiang
Summary: In this study, a fluorescent biosensing system for high sensitivity detection of MT was established using a new Ag+-stabilized DNA triplex probe (Ag+-SDTP) combined with catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) and CRISPR/Cas12a signal enhancements. The sensing method is able to selectively detect MT from other non-specific molecules and can achieve low level detection of MT in diluted human serums, demonstrating its potential for monitoring disease-specific MT biomarker at trace levels.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Estrella Sanz Rodriguez, Kyra Wood, Paul R. Haddad, Brett Paull
Summary: This study presents a simple, rapid, and reliable method for determining boron in aqueous solutions using suppressed ion chromatography coupled to electrospray ionisation-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. The method achieved a low limit of detection and demonstrated excellent analytical performance.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Aline Cournut, Paul Moustiez, Yannick Coffinier, Christine Enjalbal, Claudia Bich
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a major cause of senile dementia and is characterized by the aggregation of neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques in the brain. The A beta 1-42 peptide is considered the primary cause of neurotoxicity due to its insolubility and subsequent aggregation. A beta 1-42 and A beta 1-40 have been identified as relevant biomarkers for AD diagnosis, and SurfaceAssisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry (SALDI-MS) was used to monitor the A beta 1-42/A beta 1-40 ratio without prior sample treatment.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Dotse Selali Chormey, Buse Tugba Zaman, Tulay Borahan Kustanto, Sezin Erarpat Bodur, Suleyman Bodur, Elif Ozturk Er, Sezgin Bakirdere
Summary: This review provides an overview of the harmful effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on human health and introduces the methods for analyzing EDCs. Recent research has focused on using green chemicals, such as deep eutectic solvents (DESs), for microextraction to ensure environmental safety.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yan Zhang, Renfeng Xu, Jingjing Wu, Zhenghong Zhang, Yuhuang Wang, Hongqin Yang, Sheng Zhang
Summary: This study visualized the pore-like structures in prostate cancer cell membranes after treatment with the anticancer drug paclitaxel, demonstrating its mechanism of action related to oxidative damage.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Chihong Ma, Qin Zhou, Jinjin Shi, Hua Gao, Di Huang, Huimin Xue, Han Wang, Zhenzhong Zhang, Sen Yang, Junli Zhang, Kaixiang Zhang
Summary: We developed a CRISPR-empowered electrochemical biosensor, named PER-E-CRISPR, for amplification-free and sensitive detection of miR-21. The biosensor combines the advantages of CRISPR/Cas13a and primer exchange reaction (PER) for target amplification. Under optimized conditions, the PER-E-CRISPR assay exhibits a linear range from 10-13 to 10-7 M and a limit of detection of 30.2 fM. The biosensor shows excellent performance in actual plasma, indicating promising prospects for miRNA detection in molecular diagnosis.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Gang Liang, Jie Zhao, Yufei Gao, Tao Xie, Jianhui Zhen, Ligang Pan, Wenwen Gong
Summary: Molecular docking (MD) analysis is widely used for studying the interaction between aptamers and small molecules. This study established steady-state aptamers of tertiary structures (SATS) using specific aptamers of tetracycline antibiotics as docking models. Molecular docking results revealed multiple binding sites in the SATS of aptamers, with significant variations in binding free energy (BFE) and docking score (DS). The study also proposed a method for MD analysis based on SATS, providing insights into binding mode and predicting binding sites.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yixuan Xu, Changchang Teng, Huiping Dang, Dalong Yin, Lifeng Yan
Summary: Stable organic radical molecules with high NIR fluorescence quantum efficiency have been synthesized and encapsulated into nanoparticles, which show great potential for both photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) of tumors.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yu Su, Dandan Yang, Yanjie Wang, Jie Ding, Lan Ding, Daqian Song
Summary: In this study, a highly selective molecularly imprinted polymer Cu-MIPs@CS was designed and synthesized for bisphenol A (BPA). Cu-MIPs@CS showed significantly enhanced imprinting factor and selective factor towards BPA compared to MIPs@CS. It also exhibited superior discrimination ability between BPA and its structural analogue. Additionally, Cu-MIPs@CS were successfully applied as a solid phase extraction adsorbent for the determination of BPA in drinking water samples.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yi Qiao, Qiongdan Zhang, Yukun He, Tianguang Cheng, Jing Tu
Summary: Single cell heterogeneity plays an important role in many biological phenomena, and distinguishing cells with specific mutations is beneficial for clinical diagnosis and drug screening. This study introduces a gel plate platform that can distinguish cell types based on their phenotypes, with low equipment requirement. The gel platform has potential in point-of-care circumstances and single-cell stimulation responses that prioritize efficiency and simplicity.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Chengke Wang, Shuyang Sun, Ping Wang, Huawei Zhao, Wenling Li
Summary: The food safety of aquatic products is a global concern. Nanotechnology-based analyses have advantages in the detection of bacteria, metal ions, and small molecule contaminants. This review summarizes the recent advances in biosensing strategies for aquatic products and highlights the application of nanomaterials, lateral flow-based biosensors, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, microfluidic chips, and molecular imprinting technologies.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Liping Zhu, Zeng Tang, Xuemei Zhang, Li Zhu, Tian Meng, Linying Yu, Ting Xiao, Shasha Lu, Xiaoli Xiong, Xiurong Yang
Summary: A sensitive off-on electrochemiluminescence DNA sensor was developed using Exo III-assisted cascade amplification system. The sensor achieved high selectivity and ultra-high sensitivity in detecting target DNA by utilizing ECL and SPR effects. This study provides a new perspective for designing highly sensitive and programmable ECL biosensors.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Tong Li, Mengxu Sun, Suping Xia, Ting Huang, Rong-Tian Li, Chunrong Li, Zong Dai, Jin-Xiang Chen, Jun Chen, Nuan Jia
Summary: Here, we developed a binary system based on DNA tetrahedron and fluorogenic RNA aptamers for highly specific and label-free mRNA imaging in living cells. This system achieved high specificity label-free detection of nucleic acids with a detection limit of 1.34 nM. The method has potential applications in early disease diagnosis and new drug development.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yao Zhao, Shu Zhang, Wang Yao, Yuxuan Zhu, Jing Qian, Juan Yang, Nianjun Yang
Summary: A new hierarchical nanostructured composite with high conductivity and catalytic activity is synthesized. The sensor exhibits significant catalytic effect and high sensitivity for monitoring the environmental endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA).
