Journal
SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY
Volume 40, Issue 1, Pages 230-241Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/syen.12100
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Funding
- National Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists [31025024]
- National Natural Sciences Foundation of China [31272348]
- Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (MOST) [2011FY120200, SQ2012FY4910058]
- 'Strategic Priority Research Program' of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA05080703, KSCX2-EW-Z-8]
- National Science Fund for Fostering Talents in Basic Research [J1210002]
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Aphids are intimately associated with their host plants. Evolutionary lability of host association is common within heteroecious aphid lineages, whereas our knowledge of host-use evolution in non-host-alternating aphids is limited. In the present study, we construct the first detailed molecular phylogeny of the monoecious aphid tribe Greenideini based on three mitochondrial genes (COI, COII and Cytb) and one nuclear gene (EF-1), and investigated its history of host association. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenies strongly support the monophyly of Greenideini and most constituent genera. Divergence time estimates and character reconstructions suggest that Greenideini may have originated during the Late Cretaceous to early Paleogene, which accompanies the origin of its ancestral host, members of the family Fagaceae. Colonisation of novel host plants has occurred multiple times during the evolutionary history of Greenideini, thereby leading to current patterns of host association. We suggest that directly shifting to novel hosts, together with expanding host range onto pre-existing, unused plants, has probably promoted diversification in this tribe.
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