Journal
SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Volume 27, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/0953-2048/27/4/044013
Keywords
magnesium diboride; pinning centers; critical current density; pinning force; higher magnesium borides
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Regularly distributed structural inhomogeneities in the MgB2 matrix, such as nano-areas with a high concentration of boron. (MgBx) and impurity oxygen (Mg-B-O nano-layers or inclusions), are observed in all materials independently of the preparation method, pressure (0.1 MPa-2 GPa) and temperature (600-1100 degrees C), and in materials with different connectivity (18-98%) and density (55-99%). Such inhomogeneities can act as pinning centers in MgB2 because the variation of their size and distribution are well correlated with variations of the critical current density, jc. The decrease in size of MgBx inclusions, the transformation of 15-20 nm thick Mg-B-O nano-layers into separated inclusions, and the localization of impurity oxygen are accompanied by an increase in critical current density in low and medium magnetic fields. The efficiency of these defects is evidenced by a shift from grain-boundary pinning to point pinning.
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