Journal
STROKE
Volume 39, Issue 12, Pages 3405-3410Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.520304
Keywords
stroke; reperfusion; hemorrhagic transformation; parenchymal hematoma; spontaneously hypertensive rats; middle cerebral artery occlusion
Categories
Funding
- Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 NS999999, ZIA NS003120-05, ZIA NS003120-06, ZIA NS003120-04, ZIA NS003120-07, ZIA NS003120-03, ZIC NS003044-10, ZIC NS003044-09] Funding Source: Medline
Ask authors/readers for more resources
Background and Purpose-Symptomatic hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is the most important complicating factor after treatment with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator. In this study, we used multimodal magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the incidence and severity of reperfusion-based HT in spontaneously hypertensive rats after ischemia/reperfusion. Methods-Twenty male spontaneously hypertensive rats were subjected to 30 minutes of middle cerebral artery occlusion via the suture model. Diffusion-weighted, T2-weighted, and gradient-echo imaging were performed on days 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7 for longitudinal evaluation of lesion evolution, vasogenic edema, and HT, respectively. Findings on gradient-echo images were classified according to the severity of hemorrhage: no HT; punctate or small petechial hemorrhage (HI-1); confluent petechial hemorrhage (HI-2); hematoma with absent/mild space-occupying effect (PH-1, <= 30% lesion volume); and hematoma with significant space-occupying effect and potential perihematomal edema (PH-2, <= 30% lesion volume). Histopathologic evaluation of HT was performed after final imaging for comparison with magnetic resonance imaging results. Results-Final hemorrhage scores based on severity were as follows: HI-1 23.1%, HI-2 30.8%, PH-1 30.8%, and PH-2 15.4%. Similar to clinical observations, only PH-2 was associated with neurologic deterioration and associated weight loss. Conclusions-This model has a high incidence of parenchymal hematomas (46.2%) and therefore is appropriate for the evaluation of novel therapeutics targeting blood-brain barrier integrity and the reduction of symptomatic HT events (PH-2), as well as those potentially at risk for neurologic deterioration (PH-1). (Stroke. 2008; 39: 3405-3410.)
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available