Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Katarzyna Marzec-Schmidt, Nidal Ghosheh, Soeren Richard Stahlschmidt, Barbara Kuppers-Munther, Jane Synnergren, Benjamin Ulfenborg
Summary: Revolutionary advances in AI and deep learning have led to an increase in research papers exploring the applications of these technologies in the biomedical field. This study investigates the use of a deep learning model to predict the differentiation stage of pluripotent stem cells towards hepatocytes based on morphological features. The results show that the model can accurately classify images from early and late differentiation time points, aligning well with experimental validation of cell identity and function. This suggests that deep learning models can provide a semi-automated method for characterizing stem cell cultures.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yu Chen, Carlos A. Tristan, Lu Chen, Vukasin M. Jovanovic, Claire Malley, Pei-Hsuan Chu, Seungmi Ryu, Tao Deng, Pinar Ormanoglu, Dingyin Tao, Yuhong Fang, Jaroslav Slamecka, Hyenjong Hong, Christopher A. LeClair, Sam Michael, Christopher P. Austin, Anton Simeonov, Ilyas Singec
Summary: Through high-throughput screening, a small-molecule cocktail called CEPT was discovered to enhance the survival of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) and their differentiated progeny by simultaneously blocking multiple stress mechanisms. This cocktail showed strong improvements in various key applications in stem-cell research, providing a rationale for the safe and efficient utilization of hPSCs.
Article
Cell Biology
Tzu-Cheng Sung, Yi-Peng Jiang, Jhe-Yu Hsu, Qing-Dong Ling, Hao Chen, Suresh S. Kumar, Yung Chang, Shih-Tien Hsu, Qingsong Ye, Akon Higuchi
Summary: This study successfully generated universal hiPSCs without gene editing and evaluated their resistance to immune reactions, demonstrating that the cells maintained stable characteristics even after continuous passages.
CELL PROLIFERATION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eirini Filidou, Leonidas Kandilogiannakis, Gesthimani Tarapatzi, Michail Spathakis, Colin Su, Alin Rai, David W. Greening, Konstantinos Arvanitidis, Vasilis Paspaliaris, George Kolios
Summary: Pluripotent stem cells play a vital role in regenerative medicine. However, the limited availability and ethical concerns associated with embryonic pluripotent stem cells have led to the discovery of very small embryonic-like (VSEL) stem cells. In this study, a simplified and effective method for isolating small pluripotent stem cells from human peripheral blood is presented. The isolated small blood stem cells (SBSC) population expresses pluripotency markers and also exhibits characteristics of hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells. Proteomic profiling reveals the presence of various stem cell markers and transcription regulatory complex factors in SBSCs. This novel isolation process yields a abundant population of small-sized cells with pluripotent characteristics from human peripheral blood.
Review
Immunology
Sho Tanosaki, Shugo Tohyama, Yoshikazu Kishino, Jun Fujita, Keiichi Fukuda
Summary: Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have promising applications in regenerative therapy, drug discovery, and disease modeling, but their metabolism differs greatly from that of somatic cells, requiring distinct features to sustain their unique properties.
INFLAMMATION AND REGENERATION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yu Jin Jang, Mijeong Kim, Bum-Kyu Lee, Jonghwan Kim
Summary: The authors developed a simple procedure to convert human primed pluripotent stem cells into trophoblast stem-like cells using bone morphogenetic protein 4, providing an important opportunity to study human placenta development and pathology.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Glyn Nigel Stacey, Jie Hao
Summary: In recent years, significant progress has been made in China in establishing hPSCs for the manufacture of cell therapies. The National Stem Cell Resource Center and its partner organizations have over 600 hPSC lines formally recorded, with 47 of them also registered for European Commission funded research projects. This national and international coordination aims to promote the translation of Chinese hPSC-based products into clinical use according to established standards.
CELL PROLIFERATION
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Ying Chen, Qing Yin, Xiao-Yu Cheng, Jin-Ru Zhang, Hong Jin, Kai Li, Cheng-Jie Mao, Fen Wang, Hong-Zhe Bei, Chun-Feng Liu
Summary: Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can successfully mimic age-related diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study, we differentiated dopaminergic (DA) neurons from iPSCs of PD patients with the G2019S LRRK2 mutation and found morphological changes compared to control group. Furthermore, we observed that these mutated DA neurons were more vulnerable to damage, with higher rates of apoptosis and inflammatory response.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Developmental Biology
Daniele Ottaviani, Menno ter Huurne, David A. Elliott, Milena Bellin, Christine L. Mummery
Summary: Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have significantly impacted the study of human disease by deriving cells from individuals or genetically modifying them. Stem cell technology is being utilized to screen for new drugs to treat difficult diseases effectively and safely. However, the immaturity of the differentiated cell types used in these models poses a challenge. In this article, we discuss the maturation process of hPSCs, focusing on cardiomyocytes. We review the current methods used to induce cardiomyocyte maturation and highlight the remaining obstacles for their application in human disease research and drug development.
Article
Cell Biology
Ying Zhang, Jun Wei, Jiani Cao, Kehua Zhang, Yaojin Peng, Hongkui Deng, Jiuhong Kang, Guangjin Pan, Yong Zhang, Boqiang Fu, Shijun Hu, Jie Na, Yan Liu, Lei Wang, Lingmin Liang, Huanxin Zhu, Yu Zhang, Zi-Bing Jin, Jie Hao, Aijin Ma, Tongbiao Zhao, Junying Yu
Summary: "Requirements for Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells" is the first set of guidelines in China on human-induced pluripotent stem cells. It provides detailed technical requirements and aims to promote international standardization.
CELL PROLIFERATION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sara Cuevas-Ocana, Jin Ye Yang, Magomet Aushev, George Schlossmacher, Christine E. Bear, Nicholas R. F. Hannan, Neil D. Perkins, Janet Rossant, Amy P. Wong, Michael A. Gray
Summary: Introducing or correcting disease-causing mutations in human pluripotent stem cells followed by tissue-specific differentiation provides sustainable models of multiorgan diseases. However, low editing efficiency and the need for specialised equipment make hPSC genome editing challenging. In this study, a combination of methods including cell cycle synchronisation, single-stranded oligodeoxyribonucleotides, manual clonal isolation, and rapid screening improved the generation of correctly modified hPSCs with up to 10% efficiency within 3-6 weeks.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Kenji Yamatoya, Yuya Nagai, Naozumi Teramoto, Woojin Kang, Kenji Miyado, Kazuya Nakata, Tohru Yagi, Yoshitaka Miyamoto
Summary: The effective cryopreservation of difficult-to-freeze cells, such as differentiated neuronal cells, is crucial for cell therapy. We developed a serum-free freezing solution that showed promising results in preserving differentiated neuronal cells. Evaluation of the freezing solutions was based on cell viability, recovery rate, and morphology. Cryoprotectants like fetal bovine serum, antifreeze proteins, and sugars were found to be essential for protecting against freeze damage.
REGENERATIVE THERAPY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ines Milagre, Carolina Pereira, Raquel A. Oliveira
Summary: Human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), including embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells, are widely used in biomedical research for understanding development, disease progression, and drug discovery. However, concerns have been raised regarding their safety in regenerative medicine, particularly due to the occurrence of aneuploid cells resulting from errors in chromosome segregation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Zhuoran Yu, Sihan Zhou, Minli Liu, Lijun Chen, Xue Zhang, Xu Yang, Hongdi Cui, Chaoqian Jiang, Yanjiao Lv, Tingsheng Yan, Qingran Kong, Zhonghua Liu
Summary: This study successfully derived and maintained stable porcine pluripotent stem cells (pLCDMs) using the LCDM culture system. Transcriptome analysis revealed the unique molecular characteristics and similarities/differences with human and mouse EPSCs. Furthermore, two small molecules in the culture system were found to play a crucial role in promoting trophoblast lineage differentiation potential of pLCDMs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anastasiya Mamaeva, Olga Krasnova, Irina Khvorova, Konstantin Kozlov, Vitaly Gursky, Maria Samsonova, Olga Tikhonova, Irina Neganova
Summary: Human pluripotent stem cells have great potential for research and therapy, but their maintenance in culture requires careful control of their pluripotent and clonal status. In this study, we developed a classifier using a convolutional neural network to analyze images of human embryonic stem cell colonies and predict their morphological phenotypes associated with pluripotency and clonality. The classifier showed high accuracy in predicting phenotype (89%) and the spatial scale of around 144 μm was found to be most informative for classification. Proteomic analysis also revealed molecular differences between cells with different phenotypes. This non-invasive automated analysis approach could be valuable for identifying developmental anomalies in pluripotent stem cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)