Article
Oncology
Alejandra Leivas, Ruth M. Risueno, Alma Guzman, Laura Sanchez-Vega, Manuel Perez, Diego Megias, Lucia Fernandez, Rafael Alonso, Antonio Perez-Martinez, Inmaculada Rapado, Joaquin Martinez-Lopez
Summary: This study suggests that side population cells may represent the stem cell compartment in multiple myeloma, and NK cells have anti-myeloma activity against clonogenic stem cells, potentially leading to new treatment strategies.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Luca Heinemann, Klara Maria Moellers, Helal Mohammed Mohammed Ahmed, Lanying Wei, Kaiyan Sun, Subbaiah Chary Nimmagadda, Daria Frank, Anja Baumann, Alexandra M. Poos, Martin Dugas, Julian Varghese, Marc-Steffen Raab, Cyrus Khandanpour
Summary: This study investigated the gene differences between MSCs from multiple myeloma patients and those from other diseases, showing an enrichment of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway in MM-associated MSCs and the inhibitory effect of Pictilisib on these cells.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Yu-Tai Chang, Ian Chiu, Qiuju Wang, Jorge Bustamante, Wenxuan Jiang, Kiera Rycaj, Song Yi, Joey Li, Jeanne Kowalski-Muegge, William Matsui
Summary: Tumor relapse and drug resistance pose challenges in the curability of multiple myeloma (MM), particularly for patients with high-risk features such as chromosome 17p13 deletion (del17p). This study reveals that the loss of p53 increases the frequency and drug resistance of tumor-initiating MM cells (TICs) through the activation of the Notch signaling pathway and upregulation of ID1 genes. The findings suggest that targeting the Notch signaling pathway with a gamma-secretase inhibitor (GSI) may be effective for treating p53 mutant MM.
Review
Immunology
Ondrej Venglar, Julio Rodriguez Bago, Benjamin Motais, Roman Hajek, Tomas Jelinek
Summary: NK cells are a subset of lymphocytes that have cytotoxic and suppressor activity against virus-infected cells and cancer cells. They have potential in targeted immunotherapy for solid and hematological malignancies, including multiple myeloma. However, NK cells are impaired by various cancer defense mechanisms, leading to deficiencies in maturation, chemotaxis, target recognition, and killing.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Niels W. C. J. van de Donk, Charlotte Pawlyn, Kwee L. Yong
Summary: Multiple myeloma is the second most common haematological malignancy in high-income countries. Current treatment strategies have extended patient survival, but the majority will ultimately die from the disease. Diagnostics and risk stratification are crucial for prognosis and treatment strategies.
Review
Oncology
Wancheng Guo, Haiqin Wang, Peng Chen, Xiaokai Shen, Boxin Zhang, Jing Liu, Hongling Peng, Xiaojuan Xiao
Summary: This paper systematically summarizes the latest developments in multiple myeloma stem cells, including possible markers of MMSCs, introduces the mechanism of how MMSCs work in MM resistance and recurrence, and discusses the active pathways related to stemness of MM.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Malini Rethnam, Darren Qiancheng Tan, Toshio Suda
Summary: Multiple myeloma (MM) has been shown to modulate mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) plays a role in preventing MM cell migration. The study highlights the previously unreported role of the TAB1-TIMP-1 axis in the context of the MM bone marrow niche.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Jae-Il Choi, Sung Ill Jang, Jaehyun Hong, Chul Hoon Kim, Soon Sung Kwon, Joon Seong Park, Jong-Baeck Lim
Summary: In this study, it was demonstrated that CD44(+), CD24(+) and EpCAM(+) cancer-initiating cells (CICs) were enriched in patient-derived organoids of PDAC. CD44-expressing CICs formed lumen structures within the organoids. Additionally, CD44(-) cancer cells from the organoids could re-form organoids and be re-programed as CD44-expressing CICs. The study also showed that the maintenance of CICs in PDAC organoids was mediated by interactions with endothelial cells through Wnt and Notch signaling pathways.
Article
Cell Biology
Fangfang Wang, Zhang Dan, Hongmei Luo, Jingcao Huang, Yushan Cui, Hong Ding, Juan Xu, Zhimei Lin, Yuhan Gao, Xinyu Zhai, Yan Yang, Ying Qu, Li Zhang, Fengjiao Chen, Qiang Wang, Xin Wang, Yu Feng, Ting Liu, Qing Yi, Ting Niu, Yuhuan Zheng
Summary: Drug-resistance is a major problem in multiple myeloma (MM) patients. This study reveals that activated-leukocyte-cell-adhesion-molecule (ALCAM) regulates MM side population (SP)-mediated drug-resistance through the ALCAM-EGF/EGFR axis. EGFR activation promotes the SP ratio, while ALCAM inhibits EGFR downstream signaling in MM cells. SP MM cells have a higher number of mitochondria and interference of mitochondrial function inhibits SP-genesis. Combination therapy with an anti-MM agent and EGFR inhibitor gefitinib improves MM therapeutic efficacy and prolongs survival in MM-bearing mice.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Tingyu Shi, Jun Zhu, Xiang Zhang, Xinggang Mao
Summary: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly malignant brain tumor characterized by a small population of glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs) that possess self-renewal, proliferative, invasive, and tumorigenic capabilities, leading to radio- and chemoresistance. Hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) play a crucial role in the maintenance and progression of GSCs. This review summarizes the roles of hypoxia-associated GSCs in GBM development, including hypoxia-induced signatures, genes, pathways, and metabolic alterations. The concept of the hypoxic peri-arteriolar niche of GSCs is discussed. Autophagy and potential causes of therapeutic resistance in GBM are explored, along with chemotherapeutic agents to enhance the effectiveness of chemo-, radio-, or immunotherapy. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is proposed as an adjuvant therapy to reverse the hypoxic microenvironment in GBM. Overall, understanding the intricate interactions between hypoxia and GSCs can lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies to improve GBM patient survival.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vinod Kumar Jaina, Abhisheik Eedara, S. V. S. Sasi Priya, Surender Singh Jadav, Sabarinadh Chilaka, Ramakrishna Sistla, Sai Balaji Andugulapati
Summary: This study investigated the anticancer activity of Biochanin A (BCA), an isoflavone, against multiple myeloma. The results showed that BCA induced apoptosis in multiple myeloma cells, reduced cytokine expression levels, and decreased the population of CD38 and cancer stem-cell markers. BCA treatment also attenuated tumor growth in mice and modulated the NF-KB and MAPK signaling pathways. The study suggests that BCA could be a novel treatment modality for multiple myeloma with superior efficacy and reduced toxicity.
PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Qiuping Liu, Zongliang Guo, Guoyin Li, Yunxia Zhang, Xiaomeng Liu, Bing Li, Jinping Wang, Xiaoyan Li
Summary: High recurrence and metastasis rates, as well as poor prognoses, pose major challenges in cancer therapy. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are increasingly recognized for their important role in cancer development, resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, recurrence, and metastasis. Therefore, targeting CSCs has become a new strategy to address the problems of cancer recurrence and metastasis.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Renjun Tu, Bo Duan, Xiaoqing Song, Shiyuan Chen, Allison Scott, Kate Hall, Jillian Blanck, Dustin DeGraffenreid, Hua Li, Anoja Perera, Jeff Haug, Ting Xie
Summary: In the Drosophila ovary, inner germarial sheath (IGS) cells form multiple niche compartments that interact with different stages of germline stem cell (GSC) progeny, regulating stem cell self-renewal and stepwise differentiation.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wen-Da Wang, Yan-Yu Guo, Zhong-Lu Yang, Guang-Liang Su, Zhi-Jun Sun
Summary: This review provides an update on the current landscape of nanobased precision targeting approaches against cancer stem cells. It elucidates the nuanced application of organic, inorganic, and bioinspired nanomaterials across a spectrum of therapeutic paradigms, encompassing targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and multimodal synergistic therapies. The aim is to inform future efforts to advance nanomaterial-based therapies toward more effective sniping of cancer stem cells and tumor clearance.
Letter
Oncology
Parinya Samart, Yon Rojanasakul, Surapol Issaragrisil, Sudjit Luanpitpong
Summary: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) in multiple myeloma (MM) are influenced by the presence of E-cadherin, which plays a critical role in cell proliferation, survival signaling, and self-renewal. The depletion of E-cadherin leads to the suppression of CSC features. SOX9 is identified as a downstream target of E-cadherin and its re-expression can rescue the inhibitory effects of E-cadherin depletion on CSC-like properties.
EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY
(2022)
