Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Rong Tian, Zeran Jin, Lan Zhou, Xing-Ping Zeng, Naihao Lu
Summary: The study found that quercetin effectively inhibited MPO-mediated HOCl generation and cytotoxicity to vascular endothelial cells. Quercetin limited MPO/H2O2-dependent HOCl production by inhibiting MPO activity, reducing H2O2 generation in endothelial cells, and acting as a competitive substrate for MPO.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Henry Olayere Obanife, Ismail Jinjiri Nasiru, Olugbenga Olabisi Ogunleye, Misbahu Ahmad, Ega Joseph Otorkpa, Bello Bala Shehu
Summary: Motorcycle-associated head injury mainly affects young men who use motorcycles for commercial purposes. Survival is higher among patients who undergo brain CT scans, have extra-axial clots, and receive operative treatment. However, patients who cannot afford brain CT scans, have bilateral pupillary dilatation, CT findings that are not surgically treatable, and severe head injury may have a higher mortality rate.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
John Gerrard Hanrahan, Charlotte Burford, Palani Nagappan, Gideon Adegboyega, Shivani Rajkumar, Angelos Kolias, Adel Helmy, Peter John Hutchinson
Summary: This article systematically reviews the association between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and dementia. It finds a relationship between the two, but cannot determine the risk of dementia for an individual following TBI. The article also highlights limitations and issues in current studies and suggests using standardized methods to define TBI, establish criteria for dementia diagnosis, and conduct longer-term follow-up studies.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Ali Mansour, Andrea Loggini, Faten El Ammar, Daniel Ginat, Issam A. Awad, Christos Lazaridis, Christopher Kramer, Valentina Vasenina, Sean P. Polster, Anna Huang, Henry Olivera Perez, Paramita Das, Peleg M. Horowitz, Tanya Zakrison, David Hampton, Selwyn O. Rogers, Fernando D. Goldenberg
Summary: This study investigated the presence of cerebrovascular injuries in a large sample of civilian penetrating brain injury patients, with findings showing that 60% of patients had at least one vascular injury, mainly involving pseudoaneurysms and occlusions in the arterial system, and occlusions in the venous sinus system.
NEUROCRITICAL CARE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Kristina G. Witcher, Chelsea E. Bray, Titikorn Chunchai, Fangli Zhao, Shane M. O'Neil, Alan J. Gordillo, Warren A. Campbell, Daniel B. McKim, Xiaoyu Liu, Julia E. Dziabis, Ning Quan, Daniel S. Eiferman, Andy J. Fischer, Olga N. Kokiko-Cochran, Candice Askwith, Jonathan P. Godbout
Summary: Traumatic brain injury can lead to significant neuropsychiatric problems and neurodegenerative pathologies that last for years. This study showed that microglia play a crucial role in acute and chronic stages of TBI, influencing inflammation and neuropathology development, which in turn affect neuronal homeostasis and behavioral outcomes.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Raif Gregorio Nasre-Nasser, Maria Manoela Rezende Severo, Gabriel Natan Pires, Mariana Appel Hort, Bruno Dutra Arbo
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of progesterone as a neuroprotective agent in preclinical animal models of TBI. The results showed that progesterone can reduce brain edema and lesion volume, but the lack of study details hindered the assessment of bias risk.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Peter Bryant, Aaron Yengo-Kahn, Candice Smith, Melissa Smith, Oscar Guillamondegui
Summary: This study validates the use of a 4-factor algorithm to optimize the assignment of neurologic examinations in the management of traumatic brain injury, reducing the burden of examinations while maintaining patient safety.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cameron W. Evans, Abigail Egid, Somayra S. A. Mamsa, David J. Paterson, Diwei Ho, Carole A. Bartlett, Brooke Fehily, Brittney R. Lins, Melinda Fitzgerald, Mark J. Hackett, Nicole M. Smith
Summary: Understanding the chemical events following trauma to the central nervous system could help identify causative mechanisms and potential interventions for protecting neural tissue. In a rat model of partial optic nerve transection injury, researchers used synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy to map the distribution of metals and related elements in white matter tracts. The study found significant changes in copper levels and widespread metal imbalance in response to central nervous system trauma, suggesting that metal homeostasis may be a potential target for intervention in limiting damage following neural injuries.
ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kai Yao, Qingchun Mu, Yufei Zhang, Qian Cheng, Xiaozhi Cheng, Xiaojing Liu, Chunmei Luo, Chumei Li, Shuxia Cai, Zhicheng Luo, Xiulong Zhu, Xiangtong Zhang, Liao Cui, Chunming Huang, Longguang Tang
Summary: In this study, a nanodrug targeting neutrophils and myeloperoxidase (MPO) was designed to enhance the retention and sustained release of drug cargos for improved traumatic brain injury (TBI) therapy. The findings demonstrated that the neutrophil-targeting nanoparticles effectively inhibited neuroinflammation and improved neurological deficits through sustained release of the drug in the brain.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Emily Ashworth, David Baxter, Iain Gibb, Mark Wilson, Anthony M. J. Bull
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate head and spinal injuries caused by underbody blast (UBB) and develop hypotheses on the injury mechanisms. They identified five injury constellations and proposed mitigation strategies or clinical treatments.
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Muhammad Ali Haidar, Zaynab Shakkour, Chloe Barsa, Maha Tabet, Sarin Mekhjian, Hala Darwish, Mona Goli, Deborah Shear, Jignesh D. Pandya, Yehia Mechref, Riyad El Khoury, Kevin Wang, Firas Kobeissy
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects of MitoQ in traumatic brain injury using a mouse model. The results showed that MitoQ improved neurological and cognitive functions, reduced inflammation, and prevented axonal injury.
Review
Immunology
Brittney R. Lins, Chidozie C. Anyaegbu, Sarah C. Hellewell, Melissa Papini, Terence McGonigle, Luca De Prato, Matthew Shales, Melinda Fitzgerald
Summary: Traumatic brain injury is common and lacks approved pharmaceutical interventions, but recent research on the therapeutic benefits of cannabis and its active chemical constituents has shown promise in managing TBI. Cannabinoids interact with neurons, microglia, and astrocytes, exerting anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nida Fatima, Hani Mowafi, Mahmoud Hariri, Houssam Alnahhas, Anas Al-Kassem, Maher Saqqur
Summary: This study analyzed the situation of neurotrauma patients during the Syrian war. It found that there was a large number of neurotrauma patients, with a relatively high proportion of presumed non-combatants. Further research is needed on the long-term needs of neurotrauma victims of the Syrian war.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
John H. Kanter, Maria K. Pomponio, Imad Khan, Jennifer Hong
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the rate of secondary overtriage (SO) in neurosurgical patients in rural areas and identify potential risk factors. The results showed that approximately a quarter of the patients transferred to level I trauma centers were minimally injured, did not require neurosurgical intervention, and were discharged within 48 hours. Therefore, management with remote neurosurgical consultation at the referring facility may be safe for these patients.
CLINICAL NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Harun Demirci, Pelin Kuzucu, Cemile Merve Seymen, Ozlem Gulbahar, Pinar Ozisik, Hakan Emmez
Summary: Traumatic brain injury is a major health and socioeconomic issue, and preventing post-traumatic brain injury and researching new methods are crucial. This study found that the use of antiepileptic drugs after traumatic brain injury can aid in axonal healing, with phenytoin and levetiracetam showing promising results.
CLINICAL NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSURGERY
(2021)