Article
Microbiology
Elnaz Abbasi, Ehsanollah Ghaznavi-Rad
Summary: This study investigated the frequency and antibiotic resistance patterns of MDR and CRKP in patients' infectious samples in central Iran. The findings highlight the urgent need for tracking and immediate intervention to control the high prevalence of MDR and CRKP in this region.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Mirco Sandfort, Jorg B. Hans, Martin A. Fischer, Felix Reichert, Martina Cremanns, Jessica Eisfeld, Yvonne Pfeifer, Annika Heck, Tim Eckmanns, Guido Werner, Soren Gatermann, Sebastian Haller, Niels Pfennigwerth
Summary: German surveillance systems in 2022 have observed a rapid increase in the numbers of NDM-1 and NDM-1/OXA48 producing Klesbiella pneumoniae. Cases in Germany have shown a frequent presence in Ukraine before diagnosis. Whole genome sequencing of 200 isolates has revealed a high prevalence of sequence types ST147, ST307, ST395, and ST23, indicating clonal dissemination and onward transmission in Germany. Screening and isolating patients from Ukraine may help prevent further transmission.
Article
Immunology
Siquan Shen, Xiangning Huang, Qingyu Shi, Yan Guo, Yang Yang, Dandan Yin, Xun Zhou, Li Ding, Renru Han, Hua Yu, Fupin Hu
Summary: This study reports the first case of a P. rettgeri strain co-harboring bla(NDM-1), bla(VIM-1), and bla(OXA-10). The occurrence of this strain needs to be closely monitored.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Sanjay Singh, Ashutosh Pathak, Nida Fatima, Chinmoy Sahu, Kashi Nath Prasad
Summary: OXA-48-like carbapenemases were detected in 40% of clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. These isolates also carried other carbapenemases, extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and 16S rRNA methyltransferases. OXA-48 producers exhibited high clonal diversity and carried transferable plasmids. Strict surveillance and detection methods are crucial for preventing the dissemination of OXA-48-like carbapenemases.
Article
Immunology
Sanjay Singh, Ashutosh Pathak, Mohibur Rahman, Avinash Singh, Soumyabrata Nag, Chinmoy Sahu, Kashi Nath Prasad
Summary: The study identified that colistin resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae is mainly mediated by mcr-1. The co-existence of colistin, carbapenem, and other drug-resistant genes along with efflux pumps suggests significant genomic plasticity in K. pneumoniae, potentially leading to the emergence of super-spreaders of drug resistance.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Giovanni Lorenzin, Floriana Gona, Simone Battaglia, Andrea Spitaleri, Francesca Saluzzo, Alberto Trovato, Federico di Marco, Paola Cichero, Anna Biancardi, Paola Nizzero, Barbara Castiglione, Paolo Scarpellini, Matteo Moro, Daniela Maria Cirillo
Summary: In this study, a hybrid long-read sequencing approach was used to fully characterise four extensively drug-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. One of the isolates, the first of its kind in Italy, expressed NDM-1/5 and OXA-48 carbapenemases. The results revealed the presence of new high-risk K. pneumoniae clones that co-produced OXA-48, NDM-1, and NDM-5, posing a significant challenge to public health.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Irene Sanchez-Leon, Teresa Garcia-Martinez, Seydina M. Diene, Elena Perez-Nadales, Luis Martinez-Martinez, Jean-Marc Rolain
Summary: This study aimed to investigate heteroresistance in nine clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae producing OXA-48 and describe genomic changes in vitro. It was found that the heteroresistance in K. pneumoniae isolates was mainly attributed to insertions in the mgrB gene and point mutations in colistin resistance proteins. These findings contribute to the understanding of colistin resistance mechanisms in OXA-48-producing K. pneumoniae mutants.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Qiucheng Shi, Xinhong Han, Qin Huang, Yan Meng, Ping Zhang, Zhengan Wang, Huangdu Hu, Yan Jiang, Xiaoxing Du, Yunsong Yu
Summary: In this study, five ST307 CRKP isolates were collected and various methods were used to evaluate their antimicrobial susceptibility, clonality, and population structure. The genome characteristics and plasmid profiles were analyzed, and the plasmid transfer ability and carbapenem resistance mechanism were assessed. The results showed that ST307 is a high-risk clone type and its prevalence should be given additional attention.
Article
Microbiology
Feilong Zhang, Ziyao Li, Xinmeng Liu, Guolan Luo, Yongli Wu, Chen Li, Jiankang Zhao, Yulin Zhang, Yanning Hu, Binghuai Lu
Summary: The carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) strain GX34, recovered from a patient with severe pneumonia, was found to be susceptible only to amikacin, tigecycline, and colistin. The strain belonged to K51-ST16 and carried plasmid-encoded NDM-4 and OXA-181, located on two different plasmids. The transferability and stability of these plasmids were confirmed, and comparative genomic analysis indicated a potential for dissemination of the bla(NDM-4) and bla(OXA-181) genes.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Zixuan Li, Li Xin, Chong Peng, Cong Liu, Peng Wang, Lanping Yu, Mengda Liu, Fangkun Wang
Summary: This study investigated the serotypes and antibiotic resistance profiles of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from broiler chickens on farms in Shandong Province, China. The results showed that these isolates exhibited resistance to multiple antibiotics, with a high carrying rate of beta-lactam resistance genes. Carbapenem-resistant and colistin-resistant K. pneumoniae were also detected in broiler chickens, indicating a potential threat to food safety and public health.
Article
Microbiology
Ying Zhou, Wenxiu Ai, Yanhua Cao, Yinjuan Guo, Xiaocui Wu, Bingjie Wang, Lulin Rao, Yanlei Xu, Huilin Zhao, Xinyi Wang, Fangyou Yu
Summary: This study characterized an extensively drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate and identified multiple plasmids and resistance elements. Tigecycline resistance was not associated with the tetA gene, but with the overexpression of efflux pumps. Additionally, plasmids mediating resistance to colistin, Fosfomycin, and ceftazidime-avibactam were observed. Comparative genetic analysis revealed dominant epidemic plasmids with completed conjugation systems, which could effectively transfer to other bacteria.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yicheng Wen, Xiaofang Xie, Ping Xu, Chengcheng Yang, Zhichen Zhu, Jie Zhu, Jingnan Lv, Haifang Zhang, Liang Chen, Hong Du
Summary: The study describes the risk of Shewanella xiamenensis in hospital environments through genomic comparison and resistance analysis. It was found that these bacteria were resistant to multiple antibiotics and carried three types of bla(OXA-48-like) genes, highlighting the potential transmission of resistance in hospital wastewater.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Burcu Isler, Abdullah Tarik Aslan, Murat Akova, Patrick Harris, David L. Paterson
Summary: This article reviews the literature on the treatment of OXA-48-like and NDM-producing carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) and provides updated information on available antibiotic treatment strategies. The best treatment option for OXA-48 producers is ceftazidime-avibactam, followed by colistin. There is an unmet need for the treatment of NDM producers, but ceftazidime-avibactam and aztreonam combination or cefiderocol can be used if available.
EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
L. F. Mataseje, L. Chen, G. Peirano, K. Fakharuddin, B. Kreiswith, M. Mulvey, J. D. D. Pitout
Summary: This article reports a Klebsiella pneumoniae strain containing three different carbapenemases, providing information on the strain's genome sequence and plasmid carriage. The authors emphasize the importance of rapid carbapenemase screening in patients from endemic regions.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Camila Maria dos Santos Boralli, Julian Andres Paganini, Rodrigo Silva Meneses, Camila Pacheco Silveira Martins da Mata, Edna Marilea Meireles Leite, Anita C. Schurch, Fernanda L. Paganelli, Rob J. L. Willems, Ilana Lopes Baratella Cunha Camargo
Summary: The study characterized four Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from a Brazilian hospital outbreak during the COVID-19 pandemic, which harbored bla(KPC) and bla(NDM) genes and exhibited high levels of drug resistance. The bla(KPC) gene was located on an IncN plasmid of approximately 56 Kbp, while the bla(NDM) gene was carried by an IncC plasmid of approximately 102 Kbp. These plasmids had a high copy number and the bla(KPC) gene showed a high transferability to Escherichia coli. Therefore, these findings are of great significance for understanding the transmission mechanism and emergence of carbapenem-resistant strains.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Eda Aydemir, Emrah Sariyer, Esma Akyildiz, Azer Ozad Duzgun, Yasemin Camadan, Aysegul Saral Sariyer
Summary: The spread of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria poses a global public health problem, calling for the development of new antibiotic agents. This study demonstrated the antibacterial potential of plant extracts like cinnamon, rosehip, and white tea against MDR Gram-negative bacteria, but further research is needed to explore their effectiveness in combination with existing antibiotics and their binding affinity with phytocompounds.
ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Halbay Turumtay, Mushal Allam, Aytul Sandalli, Emine Akyuz Turumtay, Hacer Genc, Cemal Sandalli
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the determinants of antibiotic resistance in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae through whole-genome sequencing. The isolate showed resistance to all tested beta-lactam antibiotics and carried multiple resistance genes. The clonal subtype and serotype of the isolate, as well as the presence of resistance genes on plasmids, were also determined.
ACTA MICROBIOLOGICA ET IMMUNOLOGICA HUNGARICA
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Iain J. Abbott, Elke van Gorp, Kelly L. Wyres, Steven C. Wallis, Jason A. Roberts, Joseph Meletiadis, Anton Y. Peleg
Summary: The effectiveness of oral fosfomycin in treating urinary tract infections caused by non-Escherichia coli uropathogens, including Klebsiella pneumoniae, is uncertain.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Bradley J. Gardiner, Sue J. Lee, Allisa N. Robertson, Yvonne Cristiano, Gregory I. Snell, C. Orla Morrissey, Anton Y. Peleg, Glen P. Westall
Summary: This study reviewed the application of Quantiferon-Cytomegalovirus (QF-CMV) testing in lung transplant recipients and found a strong correlation between QF-CMV results and serostatus. D+/R- patients were unlikely to test positive while receiving prophylaxis. Extended prophylaxis was associated with delayed, reduced, and milder CMV infection. However, the incremental predictive value of QF-CMV was limited after accounting for serostatus.
JOURNAL OF HEART AND LUNG TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aysegul Saral Sariyer
Summary: This study used an in silico approach to investigate antibiotic resistance-related A class beta-lactamases and found that QPX7728 and relebactam were more effective inhibitors, providing molecular insights for drug design.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MODELING
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Mohammad Hamidian, Ram P. Maharjan, Daniel N. Farrugia, Natasha N. Delgado, Hue Dinh, Francesca L. Short, Xenia Kostoulias, Anton Y. Peleg, Ian T. Paulsen, Amy K. Cain
Summary: This study reports the complete genome sequences of six diverse environmental strains of A. baumannii and reveals their similar virulence potential to nosocomial strains but greater sensitivity to antibiotics.
MICROBIAL GENOMICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Melike Gulbuz, Aysegul Saral Sariyer
Summary: In this study, strain typing and structural and functional analysis of ADC-73 beta-lactamase in multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from Turkey were conducted. The A24 strain was found to be multidrug-resistant and various virulence factors were identified. Additionally, it was reported for the first time in Turkey that the ST218 isolate of A. baumannii contained ADC-73, and the impact of the G225S mutation on its conformational change and interaction with cefepime and imipenem was investigated using in silico methods.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR GRAPHICS & MODELLING
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Kelly A. Cairns, Iain J. Abbott, Michael J. Dooley, Anton Y. Peleg, Trisha N. Peel, Andrew A. Udy
Summary: This study aimed to determine whether daptomycin therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), including dose adjustment, improves the clinical outcomes of adult patients with Gram-positive infections. A systematic review found no studies exploring the efficacy of routine daptomycin TDM in comparison with fixed dosing regimens. Further well-designed, comparative studies are needed to determine the role of daptomycin TDM in patients with Gram-positive infections.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Iain J. Abbott, Elke van Gorp, Hugh Cottingham, Nenad Macesic, Steven C. Wallis, Jason A. Roberts, Joseph Meletiadis, Anton Y. Peleg
Summary: The study found that high-dose oral ciprofloxacin therapy (750 mg 12 hourly) has good antibacterial activity against ceftriaxone-resistant Escherichia coli, especially with ciprofloxacin MIC <= 1 mg/L.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Kelly A. Cairns, Andrew A. Udy, Trisha N. Peel, Iain J. Abbott, Michael J. Dooley, Anton Y. Peleg
Summary: Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are a common cause of bloodstream infections (BSIs) with high morbidity and mortality rates. The management of VRE BSI presents significant challenges, including drug dosing, resistance emergence, and optimal treatment strategies. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) shows promise in predicting drug toxicity for VRE-active agents, but there is limited evidence for predicting antimicrobial efficacy for VRE BSIs. This article provides an overview of treatment options, the role of TDM in clinical infection management, and future challenges and perspectives.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Micaela Mossop, Luca Robinson, Jhih-Hang Jiang, Anton Y. Peleg, Luke Blakeway, Nenad Macesic, Audrey Perry, Stephen Bourke, Fatima R. Ulhuq, Tracy Palmer
Summary: One third of CF patients in the UK are co-infected with both Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which contribute to lung tissue destruction and respiratory failure. This study aims to characterize twenty-five clinical S. aureus isolates from CF patients, including those with mono- and coinfection with P. aeruginosa, using molecular and phenotypic tools.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pathology
Xenia Kostoulias, Christina C. Chang, Jessica Wisniewski, Iain J. Abbott, Helen Zisis, Amanda Dennison, Denis W. Spelman, Anton Y. Peleg
Summary: We investigated the effectiveness of ceftolozane-tazobactam (C/T) in a high-risk population for antimicrobial resistance, specifically patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and lung transplantation (LTx). Out of 163 clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates collected from a tertiary hospital in Melbourne, Australia, 81.6% were susceptible to C/T. Among the multidrug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug resistant (XDR) isolates, C/T showed susceptibility in 88.3% and 28.1% of cases, respectively. In conclusion, C/T maintained its activity against a significant portion of MDR and XDR P. aeruginosa isolates from CF and post-LTx patients.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Yashpal Ramakrishnaiah, Nenad Macesic, Geoffrey I. Webb, Anton Y. Peleg, Sonika Tyagi
Summary: The adoption of electronic health records (EHRs) has created opportunities for predicting clinical outcomes and improving patient care. However, non-standardized data representations and anomalies present major challenges in digital health research. To address these challenges, we have developed EHR-QC, a tool with two modules: data standardization and preprocessing. We believe that the development and adoption of tools like EHR-QC are critical for advancing digital health.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Yue Qu, David McGiffin, Lina Duque Sanchez, Thomas Gengenbach, Chris Easton, Helmut Thissen, Anton Y. Peleg
Summary: This study comprehensively assessed the anti-biofilm capability of the Carbothane driveline against leading microorganisms causing VAD driveline infections and explored its physicochemical characteristics. The Carbothane driveline demonstrated anti-biofilm activity, and the surface characteristics may explain its ability to inhibit biofilm formation.
Review
Microbiology
Jhih-Hang Jiang, David R. Cameron, Cara Nethercott, Marta Aires-de-Sousa, Anton Y. Peleg
Summary: This review focuses on the mechanisms that trigger the establishment and maintenance of current, dominant MRSA lineages across the globe. Factors that influence MRSA's ability to colonize and cause disease within a host are discussed, with an emphasis on colonization and niche adaptation. Understanding these mechanisms may lead to the development of targeted therapies.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2023)