Article
Soil Science
Jeanne Vuaille, Omar Daraghmeh, Per Abrahamsen, Signe M. Jensen, Soren Kirkegaard Nielsen, Lars J. Munkholm, Ole Green, Carsten T. Petersen
Summary: The study found that wheel track loosening is an effective strategy for reducing the risk of surface water contamination from pesticides used in agriculture, with an average risk reduction of 10% for the three herbicides commonly used in spring sugar beet cultivation, and a contribution to risk reduction of 34% for all drain spacing and working width settings.
SOIL USE AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Luca Bruzzone, Mario Baggetta, Shahab E. Nodehi, Pietro Bilancia, Pietro Fanghella
Summary: This paper presents the conceptual and functional design of a novel hybrid leg-wheel-track ground mobile robot named WheTLHLoc. The aim is to develop a general-purpose platform capable of combining various locomotion abilities. The paper outlines the architecture of the hybrid locomotion system, validates its stair climbing capabilities, and discusses the embodiment design and internal mechanical layout.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Binhua Gao, Wencheng Bao, Tan Jin, Chaoqun Chen, Meina Qu, Ange Lu
Summary: This study investigated the impact of wheel-work contact geometry on grinding temperature and heat flux distribution, establishing a comprehensive 3D analytical thermal model and experimentally validating it. The variation in contact geometry significantly alters the material removal pattern, thus affecting the grinding temperature distribution.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Transportation Science & Technology
Xin Zhao, Shuangchao Huang, Peng Zhang, Liang Ling, Jizhong Yang, Zefeng Wen
Summary: A transient wheel-rail rolling contact model and a vehicle-track coupled dynamics model were developed to calculate normal wheel-rail interactions at high frequencies in elasticity. The results of 180 cases showed significant differences in contact forces predicted by the CD model compared to the RC model, indicating the important role of ignored structural and wheel-rail flexibilities in high-frequency interactions. A modified non-linear Hertzian spring was developed to improve the accuracy of the CD model with reference to the RC predictions, providing insights for determination of contact spring and contact filter effect at high frequencies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RAIL TRANSPORTATION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Pan Zhang, Jan Moraal, Zili Li
Summary: An innovative downsized test rig called V-Track has been constructed for wheel-rail contact experiments under impact loading conditions. The force measurement system named dynamometer was developed in V-Track to measure wheel-rail contact forces reliably and accurately. Experimental results show the dynamometer's capability in measuring these forces and achieving control of wheel-rail contact forces in V-Track.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kostas Giannis, Carsten Schilde, Jan Henrik Finke, Arno Kwade
Summary: The study aimed to simulate the powder compaction of pharmaceutical materials at the microscopic scale using the MC-DEM framework to predict compression profiles by controlling the microstructure. A new adhesive elastic-plastic multi-contact model was introduced and successfully implemented. Two-stage calibration strategy was utilized to investigate the microscale behavior and make predictions on macroscopic behavior, providing insights into the mechanical interactions between particles. The new MC-DEM framework captured the compressibility characteristics of pharmaceutical materials and accurately predicted compression profiles at high relative densities.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Changsheng Li, Liangchi Zhang, Jianjun Ding, Chuhan Wu, Lin Sun, Qijing Lin, Zhuangde Jiang
Summary: This paper presents a three-dimensional kinematic simulation of surface topography ground by a D301 electroplated diamond wheel. The study shows that the predicted surface roughness is close to theoretical and experimental values for different materials, and certain amplitude parameters can reflect the material removal mechanisms.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Soil Science
A. Calleja-Huerta, M. Lamande, O. Green, L. J. Munkholm
Summary: This experiment aimed to study the vertical and horizontal stresses during repeated wheeling from a lightweight autonomous robot and compare the measurements with calculations. The results showed a significant increase in mean ground pressure with repeated wheeling, measured values of maximum vertical stresses were 32% larger than the ones predicted by the model. These findings suggest that using static loads from this machine as inputs in models can result in inaccurate predictions of soil-tyre interface parameters.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Yongdou Liu, Pedro A. Montenegro, Quan Gu, Wei Guo, Rui Calcada, Joao Pombo
Summary: A novel 3D WRI element has been developed to simulate the interaction between fast-moving wheel nodes and rail nodes, allowing for study of both vehicle behaviors and structural behaviors with any degree of complexity within a FEM framework. The element shows improved compatibility and efficiency in calculating wheel-rail contact geometry and has been verified for accuracy and capability in dynamic simulation of vehicle-track systems.
COMPUTERS & STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Lei Xu, Bin Zhu, Mansur Barhama Abulfathi, Yichen Meng
Summary: The study introduces a probabilistic model of track irregularities to select representative track irregularity sets with smaller samples. By effectively combining vehicle-track dynamics method and random simulation methods, the wheel and rail contact stresses can be efficiently quantified from a statistical view.
VEHICLE SYSTEM DYNAMICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Rushabh Gadhave, N. S. Vyas
Summary: A Feed Forward Neural Network architecture is proposed to estimate rail-wheel forces and track irregularities from sensor data. Simulation studies on passenger coaches running over various irregular rail tracks validate the accuracy of estimates.
VEHICLE SYSTEM DYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jifang Du, Yinqiu Zhang, Shuaifeng Wu, Yu Dong, Junwei Shi
Summary: Dynamic compaction is a method of ground treatment that uses impact forces to achieve soil densification effects. This study conducted a laboratory experiment with sand to establish an overall understanding of the displacements caused by dynamic compaction. A calculation model based on stochastic media theory was proposed to calculate the displacement in the soil, and the model showed good consistency with the experimental data. By selecting the critical settlement, the model could be used to estimate the specific densification scope. This method provides a reference for the calculation and optimization of dynamic compaction.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Andrea Grazioso, Enrico di Maria, Nicola Ivan Giannoccaro, Kazuo Ishii
Summary: This paper describes a multibody model of a flexible track to evaluate the pressure distribution upon contact with soft terrain for agricultural vehicles. The model is used to characterize and evaluate the performance of the vehicle with varying characteristic parameters.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xin'an Gao, Xiaorong Guan, Yanlong Yang, Jingmin Zhang
Summary: In this study, a multi-jointed tracked-wheeled compound mobile robot was proposed to overcome various terrains and obstacles. Two locomotion modes were designed for the robot to climb stairs. Key conditions for obstacle overcoming, maximum height for stair climbing, and maximum width for trench crossing were determined. A simulation model was developed to verify the robot's performance in different terrains and the reliability of its stair-climbing gait. The simulation results showed the robot's excellent reliability and adaptability in complex terrains, indicating its broad application prospects.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Nabih Pico, Hong-ryul Jung, Juan Medrano, Meseret Abayebas, Dong Yeop Kim, Jung-Hoon Hwang, Hyungpil Moon
Summary: The objective of this work is to control a delivery robot equipped with a passive bogie to autonomously climb up steps of various sizes and move on uneven terrain in outdoor environments. The kinematic model of a six-wheel mobile robot is described, and the velocity of each wheel is obtained based on the desired velocity of the robot center of mass and the terrain information obtained by the onboard sensors. Slip control is implemented based on slip ratio to adjust the wheel velocity when slip is detected. Simulation and experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Soil Science
Lin Liu, Yili Lu, Robert Horton, Tusheng Ren
Summary: A new approach is presented in this study to estimate the parameters of the soil water retention curve (SWRC). The new method accurately estimates SWRCs by using measured thermal conductivity-water content curves, soil texture, bulk density, and field capacity water content.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Zhongshan Dai, Yong Zhang, Yujie Wei, Chongfa Cai
Summary: This study investigates the effects of erosion degradation and long-term manure fertilization on soil properties and crop yield in Northeast China. Results show that erosion degradation and manure fertilization have lasting impacts on soil physical structure throughout the soil profile, while their effects on soil nutrient properties are focused in shallow layers. Manure fertilization significantly improves soil functional index (ISI) and maize yield for degraded soils. Erosion degradation has a greater influence on ISI and maize yield than manure fertilization.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Xintong Xu, Ruiyu Bi, Mengxin Song, Yubing Dong, Ying Jiao, Bingxue Wang, Zhengqin Xiong
Summary: The substitution of organic fertilizers for inorganic fertilizers has a significant impact on soil organic carbon (SOC) and can help combat soil degradation and climate change in intensive vegetable production.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Moritz Koza, Roger Funk, Julia Poehlitz, Christopher Conrad, Olga Shibistova, Tobias Meinel, Kanat Akshalov, Gerd Schmidt
Summary: Semi-arid regions in Central Asia are experiencing wind erosion due to steppe conversion and unsustainable farming practices. A study conducted in Kazakhstan used a mobile wind tunnel to assess soil erodibility under real conditions. The results showed significant differences in soil erosion based on initial conditions and mechanical stress, emphasizing the importance of proper soil management to prevent severe events.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Tong Li, Guorui Li, Zhiqiang Lu, Deqiang Zhao, Yuze Li, Ziting Wang, Xiaoxia Wen, Yuncheng Liao
Summary: Conservation agriculture with three management principles is effective in mitigating soil erosion and nutrient loss. This study found that no tillage significantly increased soil extracellular enzyme activities, while legume incorporation only had a significant effect on phosphorus-acquiring enzymes. Crop diversity positively influenced the no tillage-induced increase in enzyme activities.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Zahra Khasi, Mohammad Sadegh Askari, Setareh Amanifar, Kamran Moravej
Summary: This research aims to evaluate the applicability of visual soil evaluation methods for agricultural systems in semi-arid regions and assess the relationship between soil physical quality and crop yield. The results indicate that visual evaluation methods can effectively assess soil conditions, and optimal soil structural quality is crucial for sustainable crop production.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Amin Jannatul Ferdous, Xiaolin Wang, Katie Lewis, John Zak
Summary: Conservative agricultural management strategies can enhance crop productivity by altering soil microbiome, and incorporating legumes into cover crops in semi-arid regions can improve the dynamics of rhizobial communities. There is a strong underlying relationship between soil management and bacterial diversity in the soil.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Haiman Wang, Wankui Ni, Haisong Liu, Kangze Yuan
Summary: This study investigates the structural strength of the Loess-Paleosol Sequence (LPS) and finds that the strength tends to increase with burial depth, with the loess layer weaker than the paleosol layer. The microstructure of the LPS also undergoes significant transformations with increased burial depth, transitioning from an overhead structure to a matrix structure. These findings highlight the importance of climate conditions on the structural strength of the LPS.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Ranabir Chakraborty, V. K. Sharma, Debarup Das, D. R. Biswas, P. Mahapatra, D. K. Shahi, M. Barman, K. A. Chobhe, D. Chakraborty
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of long-term nutrient management practices on P fractions and P adsorption-desorption behaviour of an acid soil with a soybean-wheat cropping system. The findings revealed that amorphous Fe and Al, which play a significant role in P fixation, increased due to cultivation. The NPK+Lime treatment offered the most balanced approach, improving both crop yield and P uptake while effectively managing P dynamics in the soil. On the contrary, long-term application of NPK+FYM in an acid soil may result in faster P saturation of adsorption sites and increase the chances of leaching and eutrophication. Tailored P fertilization strategies should be developed to better utilize the PFe and PAl fractions and supplementing applied P.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Yuan Li, Ying Li, Qingping Zhang, Gang Xu, Guopeng Liang, Dong-Gill Kim, Carmen Rosa Carmona, Mei Yang, Jianming Xue, Yangzhou Xiang, Bin Yao, Yuying Shen
Summary: Agricultural intensification has led to severe degradation of croplands in China. Converting degraded croplands to grasslands can increase soil organic carbon and nitrogen content, but may decrease soil pH and available phosphorus. The duration of conversion and mean annual precipitation are major factors influencing soil changes.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Xinliang Wu, Sixu Yao, Jinxing Zhou
Summary: The coupling effect of slaking and mechanical breakdown on aggregate stability was evaluated using a new method. This method can partition the unique and shared effects of these two breakdown mechanisms and showed better performance in predicting soil erosion compared to existing methods.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Xinni Ju, Lei Gao, Dongli She, Yuhua Jia, Zhe Pang, Yaji Wang
Summary: This study linked soil pore structures quantified by X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning and infiltration processes traced using stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes under different land uses in the red soil region of southern China. The results showed that soil pore characteristics mainly affected soil water transport, while other soil properties played more important roles in soil water retention. CT-based porosity and soil texture were considered crucial indicators in the evaluation of water exchange during infiltration processes.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Hongwei Xu, Qing Qu, Jiaping Yang, Zhen Wang, Minggang Wang, Rentao Liu, Sha Xue
Summary: This study systematically analyzed the effects of drought on terrestrial ecosystem C-N-P stoichiometry on a global scale. The results showed that drought significantly decreased the C:N ratio in soil, enzymes, shoots, and roots. Soil microbes were limited by N, whereas plants were restricted by P under drought stress. Drought intensity and duration were negatively correlated with shoot N:P and vector angle.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Sara L. Bauke, Sabine J. Seidel, Miriam Athmann, Anne E. Berns, Melanie Braun, Martina I. Gocke, Julien Guigue, Timo Kautz, Ingrid Koegel-Knabner, Juliette Ohan, Matthias Rillig, Michael Schloter, Oliver Schmittmann, Stefanie Schulz, David Uhlig, Andrea Schnepf, Wulf Amelung
Summary: Agricultural production in Central Europe is increasingly affected by extreme drought events. This study found that incorporating organic matter, especially biowaste compost, into the subsoil significantly increased root growth and subsequently improved crop nutrient uptake, biomass, and grain yield. The incorporation of green waste compost had less pronounced effects.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Xi Chen, Xuesong Wang
Summary: Based on the application of the integrated wind erosion modeling system, this study comprehensively simulated the loss and conservation of nutrients during aeolian dust emissions in the arid and semiarid areas of China. The results showed a decreasing trend in nutrient losses over the past two decades, with the ecosystems playing a crucial role in preventing these losses. The prevention rates of different land cover types were generally high, indicating the effectiveness of conservation measures.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2024)