Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Linn E. J. Eriksson, Thomas Ronnet, Anders Johansen
Summary: The study shows that gaps induced by planets in protoplanetary disks may lead to the formation of planetesimals, which disperse rapidly after formation. Collisions between planetesimals are rare, while collisions with planets are more common in specific systems.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anthony Maxwell, Nicholas Adzibolosu, Anna Hu, Yuan You, Paul M. Stemmer, Douglas M. Ruden, Michael C. Petriello, Marianna Sadagurski, Lucas K. Debarba, Lisa Koshko, Jayanth Ramadoss, Annie Thy Nguyen, Darby Richards, Aihua Liao, Gil Mor, Jiahui Ding
Summary: Benzene exposure during pregnancy leads to maternal immune activation (MIA) and affects fetal development, resulting in increased fetal resorptions, fetal growth abnormalities, and abnormal placenta development. There is a sexual dimorphic response to benzene exposure in male and female placentas, which is a consequence of inherent differences between the two genders. These findings provide crucial insights into the origins of sexual dimorphism and how environmental factors can differentially impact the development of male and female offspring.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sofia Sedas Perez, Caitlin Mcqueen, Holly Stainton, Joseph Pickering, Kavitha Chinnaiya, Patricia Saiz-Lopez, Marysia Placzek, Maria A. Ros, Matthew Towers
Summary: This study demonstrates the important role of fibroblast growth factors in triggering a mesodermal program that is essential for the timing of limb patterning. Additionally, it uncovers additional functions of Fgf signaling in maintaining gene expression and suppressing muscle development.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Linn E. J. Eriksson, Thomas Ronnet, Anders Johansen, Ravit Helled, Claudio Valletta, Antoine C. Petit
Summary: Observations and models show that giant planets have higher levels of heavy elements compared to the Sun. Previous explanations suggest that these elements were accreted after the core formation phase. However, this study finds that the accretion efficiency of planetesimals formed at planetary gap edges is very low, suggesting alternative processes may be responsible for the high heavy element content of giant planets.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Shengtao Fang, Jinbo Yao, Yan Li, Shouhong Zhu, Jingwen Pan, Qiulin Li, Weiran Wang, Jie Kong, Liangrong He, Yongshan Zhang, Wei Chen
Summary: This study identified a major recessive gene, cr, controlling plant height in cotton. The molecular mechanism and phenotypic effects of this gene were investigated. The findings provide important insights for improving cotton plant architecture and yield, as well as understanding the genetic basis of the cr trait.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Konstantin Batygin, Fred C. C. Adams, Juliette Becker
Summary: This paper presents a theoretical framework that explains the characteristic orbital period of the inner-most objects within planetary and satellite systems. By considering the interplay between disk accretion, magnetic field generation, and contraction, the authors derive an expression for the magnetospheric truncation radius and find that the corresponding orbital frequency is independent of the host body's mass. The analysis predicts that the periods of close-in bodies should span a range of 2-12 days, which aligns with observations.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Chen Ma, Chao Chen, Zhi Xu, Cunjing Lv, Quanshui Zheng
Summary: This study examines the intrinsic nature of curvature effect on contact angles from a molecular perspective and validates the theoretical model through molecular dynamics simulations. It reveals a unified curvature effect on different fluids on concave and convex substrates, which is amplified on more wettable substrates.
EXTREME MECHANICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mehdi Torbati, Ashutosh Agrawal
Summary: The study found that plasma membrane tension affects the geometry of donut-shaped holes through a relationship with a critical length scale, with the hole diameter increasing with a reduction in membrane tension. This finding is aligned with experimental observations, but contrasts with the main current model in the literature.
MATHEMATICS AND MECHANICS OF SOLIDS
(2022)
Article
Mathematics
Martin Man-Chun Li, Xin Zhou
Summary: This paper completes the program of finding minimal hypersurfaces in general compact manifold with non-empty boundary, proving the existence of a smooth embedded minimal hypersurface with non-empty free boundary in any compact smooth Euclidean domain. Additionally, it shows that for any compact Riemannian manifolds with nonnegative Ricci curvature and convex boundary, there exist infinitely many properly embedded minimal hypersurfaces with non-empty free boundary.
JOURNAL OF DIFFERENTIAL GEOMETRY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jiaqing Bi, Min-Kai Lin, Ruobing Dong
Summary: Dust gaps and rings are commonly found in bright protoplanetary disks, with some sharp dust rings indicating settlement of sub-millimeter-sized dust grains. Planets massive enough to open gas gaps can stir small dust grains to high disk elevations, attributed to meridional gas flows induced by the planet. Three-dimensional simulations are crucial for obtaining the vertical distribution of sub-millimeter-sized grains around gas gaps opened by massive planets.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Akio Sayano, Hiroyuki Ohshima, Takuya Hoshina, Takaaki Tsurumi
Summary: The experimental stability of hematite particles in solutions with different salinity deviates from the predictions of the DLVO theory. Modifying the particle radius used in calculations can match the experimental values for untreated and heat-treated particles. Atomic force microscopy measurements reveal a correlation between the curvature radius of surface protrusions and the interaction energy between particles. This suggests that the stability ratio of these particle dispersions is governed by the curvature radius, not the overall particle radius.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Kun Xu, Qiao-Chu Li, Yuan-Pei Yang, Xiang-Dong Li, Zi-Gao Dai, Jifeng Liu
Summary: The study reveals that disk wind plays a crucial role in influencing the spin evolution of isolated neutron stars/magnetars, potentially increasing the maximum spin period from tens of hours to hundreds of hours, or even reaching around (16-160) days.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jose Carlos Bozelli, Jenny Yune, Daisuke Takahashi, Fumio Sakane, Richard M. Epand
Summary: The physical properties of membranes determine the substrate acyl chain specificity of human DGK alpha, affecting its enzymatic activity and ability to differentiate between DAG molecular species. Changes in membrane morphology, particularly the presence of physically curved membrane structures, impact the specificity of DGK alpha for certain DAG pools, adding a layer of regulation to the interconversion between DAG and PA. This suggests a fine-tuned signaling system dependent on the levels and molecular species of DAG and PA regulated by the interplay between membrane physical and chemical properties.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Chui-Zhen Chen, Junjie Qi, Dong-Hui Xu, XinCheng Xie
Summary: By studying the Berry curvature splitting mechanism in multilayers of magnetic topological insulators, the quantum anomalous Hall effect can be realized. The splitting of Berry curvature during magnetic switching leads to the generation of a QAH insulator, which can be detected by tuning the gate voltage.
SCIENCE CHINA-PHYSICS MECHANICS & ASTRONOMY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
R. X. Zhou, Y. G. Zheng, K. R. Zhu, S. J. Kang
Summary: The study found strong linear relationships among different types of blazars, such as the intrinsic synchrotron peak frequency and the intrinsic inverse Compton scattering peak frequency. The spectral index in each band is negatively correlated with the intrinsic peak frequency. The curvature at the peak of the synchrotron bump is negatively correlated with the intrinsic peak frequency, while it is positively correlated with the intrinsic peak frequency of the ICs bump. There are strong linear positive correlations between the intrinsic ICs peak luminosity and intrinsic gamma-ray luminosity, as well as between the intrinsic ICs peak frequency and peak Lorentz factor. The study also found a strong negative linear correlation between log B and log gamma(p), and no correlation between log R and log gamma(p).
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Guilherme de Oliveira Reis, Thomas Gibaud, Brice Saint-Michel, Sebastien Manneville, Mathieu Leocmach, Laurent Vaysse, Frederic Bonfils, Christian Sanchez, Paul Menut
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Biology
Siddarth Srinivasan, C. Nadir Kaplan, L. Mahadevan
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peter A. Korevaar, C. Nadir Kaplan, Alison Grinthal, Reanne M. Rust, Joanna Aizenberg
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2020)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Thomas Gibaud, Noemie Dages, Pierre Lidon, Guillaume Jung, L. Christian Ahoure, Michael Sztucki, Arnaud Poulesquen, Nicolas Hengl, Frederic Pignon, Sebastien Manneville
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Andrew Balchunas, Leroy L. Jia, Mark J. Zakhary, Joanna Robaszewslu, Thomas Gibaud, Zvonimir Dogic, Robert A. Pelcovits, Thomas R. Powers
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2020)
Article
Mechanics
Noemie Dages, Pierre Lidon, Guillaume Jung, Frederic Pignon, Sebastien Manneville, Thomas Gibaud
Summary: This study demonstrates the effects of high-power ultrasound on carbon black gels, showing adjustments in both mechanical and structural properties. High-power ultrasound leads to a complex viscoelastic transient response in the gels, with a softening of the storage modulus and a significant increase in the loss modulus. The formation of intermittent microcracks within the gel contributes to these effects, ultimately facilitating gel flow and reducing yield stress.
JOURNAL OF RHEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shagor Chowdhury, Quentin Reynard-Feytis, Clement Roizard, Denis Frath, Floris Chevallier, Christophe Bucher, Thomas Gibaud
Summary: Ditopic bis-(triazole/pyridine)viologens self-assemble into coordination polymers under light irradiation, leading to mechanical and structural transitions at the macroscopic scale. Adjusting irradiation conditions can result in the formation of aggregates and gels, with aggregates being dense, polydisperse, micron-sized, spindle-shaped particles. Analysis of these states shows an arrested phase separation process, presenting a new scenario for supramolecular systems.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
C. Nadir Kaplan, L. Mahadevan
Summary: This study examines the formation of mineralized thin-walled structures through localized growth along their edges. A mathematical framework is developed to describe the shape of these structures, and solutions of the equations capture various geometric precipitate patterns.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
Wenya Shu, C. Nadir Kaplan
Summary: Increasing experimental evidence shows that the elastic stiffness and viscosity of the extracellular matrix play a role in regulating mesenchymal cell behavior, including migration towards stiffer regions (durotaxis), softer regions (anti-durotaxis), or independent of stiffness (adurotaxis). To understand the mechanisms behind these behaviors, a multiscale chemomechanical whole-cell theory was developed to study mesenchymal migration. The theory shows that cell dynamics can quantitatively reproduce experimental migration speed based on substrate stiffness and explain the influence of viscosity on migration efficiency. The simulated cells can exhibit durotaxis, anti-durotaxis, and adurotaxis in the presence of stiffness gradients without chemical polarization. The theory also demonstrates the role of intracellular signaling and cell-medium mechanical interactions in complex mechanosensing at the single-cell level.
BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chinmay Katke, Esteban Pedrueza-Villalmanzo, Karolina Spustova, Ruslan Ryskulov, C. Nadir Kaplan, Irep Gozen
Summary: We studied the formation, growth, and dynamics of model protocell superstructures resembling single cell colonies on solid surfaces. It was observed that these structures, consisting of multiple layers of lipidic compartments enveloped in a dome-shaped outer lipid bilayer, emerged spontaneously from lipid agglomerates on aluminum surfaces. The colonies were mechanically more stable compared to isolated compartments and were capable of encapsulating DNA and facilitating nonenzymatic, strand displacement DNA reactions. Our findings support the hypothesis that protocells existed in the form of colonies, potentially benefiting from the increased mechanical stability provided by a superstructure.
Article
Mechanics
Louis-Vincent Bouthier, Thomas Gibaud
Summary: Based on recent experimental investigations, two models are proposed to explain the structure and rheological properties of atypical colloidal gels that display three distinct length scales when flow interferes with gelation. Both models consider the condensation of colloids into fractal clusters.
JOURNAL OF RHEOLOGY
(2023)
Correction
Chemistry, Physical
Noemie Dages, Louis V. Bouthier, Lauren Matthews, Sebastien Manneville, Thibaut Divoux, Arnaud Poulesquen, Thomas Gibaud
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Noemie Dages, Louis Bouthier, Lauren Matthews, Sebastien Manneville, Thibaut Divoux, Arnaud Poulesquen, Thomas Gibaud
Summary: This study investigates the viscoelastic properties of colloidal gels composed of attractive Brownian particles. It is found that the gel becomes more elastic when the initial shear rate is low. By combining rheometry and small angle X-ray scattering, it is shown that the gel microstructure has three characteristic length scales. Experiments reveal that the interpenetration of fractal clusters increases with decreasing shear rate applied before flow cessation, which drives the gel elasticity. These findings highlight a novel local parameter controlling the macroscopic viscoelastic properties of colloidal gels.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Antoine Lagarde, Noemie Dages, Takahiro Nemoto, Vincent Demery, Denis Bartolo, Thomas Gibaud
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Andrew J. Balchunas, Rafael A. Cabanas, Mark J. Zakhary, Thomas Gibaud, Seth Fraden, Prerna Sharma, Michael F. Hagan, Zvonimir Dogic
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yiping Yin, Zhe Wang, Hua Zou
Summary: This study presents a novel method for preparing dimpled polymer-silica nanocomposite particles using interfacial swelling-based seeded polymerization. The optimized conditions allow for a relatively high percentage of dimpled particles to be achieved.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Brenden D. Hoehn, Elizabeth A. Kellstedt, Marc A. Hillmyer
Summary: Porous materials with nanometer-scale pores have important applications as nanoporous membranes. In this study, ABA triblock copolymers were used as precursors to produce nanoporous polymeric membranes (NPMs) in thin film form by degrading the end blocks. Polycyclooctene (PCOE) NPMs with tunable pore sizes were successfully prepared using solvent casting technique. Oxygen plasma etching was employed to improve the surface porosity and hydrophilicity of the membranes. This study provides a straightforward method to produce tough NPMs with high porosity and hydrophilic surface properties.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Vladislav S. Petrovskii, Stepan I. Zholudev, Igor I. Potemkin
Summary: This article investigates the behavior of linear and ring polypeptide chains in aqueous solution and explores the properties of the complexes formed by these chains with oppositely charged surfactants. The results demonstrate that the complexes of linear supercharged unfolded polypeptides and the corresponding surfactants exhibit impressive adhesive properties.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Merve Cevik, Serkan Dikici
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of death globally, and vascular grafts are a promising treatment option. This study focuses on tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) using decellularized parsley stems as a potential biomaterial. The decellularized parsley stems showed suitable properties for TEVGs, providing a suitable environment for human endothelial cells to form a pseudo endothelium. This study showcases the potential of using parsley stems for TEVGs.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Gustavo A. Vasquez-Montoya, Tadej Emersic, Noe Atzin, Antonio Tavera-Vazquez, Ali Mozaffari, Rui Zhang, Orlando Guzman, Alexey Snezhko, Paul F. Nealey, Juan J. de Pablo
Summary: The optical properties of liquid crystals are typically controlled by electric fields. In this study, we investigate the effects of microfluidic flows and acoustic fields on the molecular orientation and optical response of nematic liquid crystals. We identify several previously unknown structures and explain them through calculations and simulations. These findings hold promise for the development of new systems combining sound, flow, and confinement.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xinjun Wu, Xin Guan, Shushu Chen, Jiangpeng Jia, Chongyi Chen, Jiawei Zhang, Chuanzhuang Zhao
Summary: This research presents a novel shape memory hydrogel with a remodelable permanent shape and programmable cold-induced shape recovery behavior. The hydrogel is prepared using specific treatment methods to achieve shape fixation by heating and shape recovery by cooling. Additionally, deformable devices can be obtained by assembling hydrogel blocks with different concentrations.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Rebecca Hengsbach, Gerhard Fink, Ulrich Simon
Summary: This study examines the properties of DNA functionalized pNipmam microgels and pure pNipmam microgels at different concentrations of sodium chloride and in PBS solutions using temperature dependent H-1-NMR measurements. The results show that DNA modification affects the volume phase transition temperature and the addition of salt and PBS further enhances this effect.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ningyi Li, Junhong Li, Lijingting Qing, Shicheng Ma, Yao Li, Baohui Li
Summary: This paper investigates the self-assembly behavior of colloids with competing interactions under spherical confinement and finds that different ordered structures can be formed under different sized spherical confinements. Moreover, more perforated structures are formed in smaller spheres.
