Article
Neurosciences
David Willinger, Iliana I. Karipidis, Plamina Dimanova, Susanne Walitza, Silvia Brem
Summary: Neuroimaging studies suggest that maturational fine-tuning of functional coupling within the cortico-striatal incentive circuitry from adolescence to adulthood facilitates the ability to enhance performance selectively for higher subjective values; furthermore, immature information processing in the incentive system during adolescence may lead to a reduced capacity to utilize subjective value for motivated behavior.
Review
Neurosciences
May Hui, Kevin T. Beier
Summary: Dysfunction in dopamine signaling contributes to various neurological disorders, and understanding the connectivity between dopamine-releasing cells and brain regions can provide insights into the underlying mechanisms of these diseases.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Edmund T. Rolls, Gustavo Deco, Chu-Chung Huang, Jianfeng Feng
Summary: This study used the multimodal parcellation atlas of the Human Connectome Project (HCP) to measure the effective connectivity, functional connectivity, and tractography between 57 cortical frontal and somatosensory regions and the 360 cortical regions. The results showed that the ventral somatosensory stream and the dorsal action somatosensory stream have different connections with other brain regions, indicating their involvement in different cognitive functions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christopher R. Conner, Joao Quevedo, Jair C. Soares, Albert J. Fenoy
Summary: This study used PET imaging to observe brain metabolic changes in patients with treatment-resistant depression who underwent deep brain stimulation (DBS). The results showed significant decreases in metabolism in the bilateral caudate, mediodorsal thalamus, and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex at 6 to 12 months post-surgery, as well as a decrease in the left ventral prefrontal cortex at 12 months post-surgery. These metabolic changes were correlated with clinical response.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesca Mottarlini, Marco Fumagalli, Fernando Castillo-Diaz, Stefano Piazza, Giorgia Targa, Enrico Sangiovanni, Barbara Pacchetti, Mikael H. Sodergren, Mario Dell'Agli, Fabio Fumagalli, Lucia Caffino
Summary: CBD can be found in the rat brain, specifically in the medial prefrontal cortex, and has a dose-dependent modulation of BDNF, suggesting its potential therapeutic value in psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Atsumi Nitta, Naotaka Izuo, Kohei Hamatani, Ryo Inagaki, Yuka Kusui, Kequan Fu, Takashi Asano, Youta Torii, Chikako Habuchi, Hirotaka Sekiguchi, Shuji Iritani, Shin-ichi Muramatsu, Norio Ozaki, Yoshiaki Miyamoto
Summary: Suppressing Piccolo in the medial prefrontal cortex of mice leads to a reduction in synaptic proteins, electrophysiological impairments, and abnormal behaviors resembling those seen in schizophrenia.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Rossella Falcone, Rossella Cirillo, Francesco Ceccarelli, Aldo Genovesio
Summary: Making decisions based on the actions of others is crucial in daily interpersonal interactions. This study investigated how the brain represents the actions of others at the single neural level in the posterior medial prefrontal cortex (pmPFC). The results suggest that pmPFC neurons show selective directional tuning specific to the agent executing the task, and there is a strong relationship between action anticipation and execution.
Article
Neurosciences
Adrienne C. Loewke, Adelaide R. Minerva, Alexandra B. Nelson, Anatol C. Kreitzer, Lisa A. Gunaydin
Summary: The dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) plays a key role in controlling defensive behavior through specific top-down projections. The dmPFC-amygdala projection is involved in reflexive fear behavior, while the dmPFC-striatum projection regulates anxious avoidance behavior. These findings provide important insights into the neural mechanisms underlying anxiety disorders.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Karly M. Turner, Anna Svegborn, Mia Langguth, Colin McKenzie, Trevor W. Robbins
Summary: This study reveals a functional opposition between the dorsomedial and dorsolateral striatum during skill and habit formation. Loss of function in the dorsomedial striatum accelerates sequence acquisition, while loss of function in the dorsolateral striatum impedes it. The mPFC is not involved, but the lateral orbitofrontal cortex plays a critical role.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biology
Geoffrey W. Diehl, A. David Redish
Summary: Decision-making requires different aspects of information and involves multiple cognitive processes. The rodent medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is believed to play a central role in these abilities. Previous studies on mPFC function have yielded controversial results, but this study with rats performing an economic decision task revealed four distinct functional domains within mPFC, closely related to anatomical subregions. Dorsal mPFC regions were more involved in processing active decisions, while ventral regions were more engaged in motivational factors.
Article
Neurosciences
Karim Ibrahim, Carla Kalvin, Simon Morand-Beaulieu, George He, Kevin A. Pelphrey, Gregory McCarthy, Denis G. Sukhodolsky
Summary: Children with aggressive behavior exhibit reduced amygdala connectivity during face emotion processing, which is moderated by social impairment. The association between reduced amygdala-ventrolateral PFC connectivity and severity of aggression is influenced by social deficits in these children. Amygdala reactivity to fearful faces is not associated with aggressive behavior severity in children with social impairments.
Article
Neurosciences
Po-Han Kung, Christopher G. Davey, Ben J. Harrison, Alec J. Jamieson, Kim L. Felmingham, Trevor Steward
Summary: The study found that adolescents with depression showed weaker inhibitory modulation during cognitive reappraisal, which was predictive of individual diagnostic status. Post-treatment depression remission was associated with weaker excitatory connectivity between the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and amygdala at baseline.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Masahiro Sawada, Ralph Adolphs, Brian J. Dlouhy, Rick L. Jenison, Ariane E. Rhone, Christopher K. Kovach, Jeremy D. W. Greenlee, Matthew A. Howard, Hiroyuki Oya
Summary: This study examines the functional connectivity of the human amygdala in patients with epilepsy using direct electrical stimulation. The findings reveal complex connectivity patterns in the human amygdala and provide important insights for further functional neuroimaging studies.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Daniel Reznik, Robert Trampel, Nikolaus Weiskopf, Menno P. Witter, Christian F. Doeller
Summary: This study used MRI to scan four human individuals and discovered three meaningful networks associated with different subregions of the medial temporal lobe (MTL). These findings provide anatomical constraints for human mnemonic functions and are insightful for examining the evolutionary trajectory of MTL connectivity across species.
Article
Neurosciences
Takeshi Asamizuya, Hiroharu Saito, Ryosuke Higuchi, Go Naruse, Shozo Ota, Junko Kato
Summary: This study uses magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the impact of criminals on criminal justice and explores the effective connections underlying expertise. The study reveals different connectivity patterns between legal experts and laypersons when sentencing defendants, and these patterns are influenced by mitigating factors.