Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marcia M. Aranha, Mani Ramaswami
Summary: Mammals and insects have emotional states similar to human depression, and a new study has identified a neural circuit involving serotonergic neurons that alleviate this depression-like state in fruit flies through sugar intake.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Natalia Trujillo, Diana Gomez, Sandra Trujillo, Jose David Lopez, Agustin Ibanez, Mario A. Parra
Summary: Threatening stimuli are more effective in capturing attention compared to neutral stimuli, leading to faster and more accurate responses when presented as task targets. However, they do not significantly affect performance when presented as distractors. The observed spatiotemporal dynamics suggest that the attentional disruption caused by threatening flankers reflects a depletion of neural resources.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Soojung Baek, SoSeo Ha, Jang-Han Lee
Summary: This study verifies the effectiveness of attentional bias modification (ABM) in reducing attentional bias related to depression and emotional reactivity to stress. By training participants to disengage from depression-relevant stimuli and focus on more positive stimuli, the study found a significant decrease in attention to negative affective stimuli and negative emotional reactivity to stress. However, it suggests that a longer duration of ABM application is needed to increase attention to positive affective stimuli.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthias Fastenrath, Klara Spalek, David Coynel, Eva Loos, Annette Milnik, Tobias Egli, Nathalie Schicktanz, Leonie Geissmann, Benno Roozendaal, Andreas Papassotiropoulos, Dominique J-F de Quervain
Summary: Emotional information is more easily remembered than neutral information. The amygdala plays a key role in the memory-enhancing effect of emotional arousal, while the role of the cerebellum in emotional enhancement of episodic memory is less clear. This study found that the cerebellum is an integral part of a network involved in emotional enhancement of episodic memory.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Michael Marxen, Mark J. Jacob, Lydia Hellrung, Philipp Riedel, Michael N. Smolka
Summary: Our study investigated the correlation between BOLD activity and RTs in the context of emotional distractor effects. Results showed significant regression coefficients in regions such as the anterior insula, supplementary motor cortex, medial precentral regions, and sensory-motor areas, but not in the amygdala. Subjects exhibiting a stronger RT distractor effect across trials also showed a stronger BOLD valence contrast in the right anterior insula but not in the amygdala.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Amy T. Walsh, David Carmel, David Harper, Petra Bolitho, Gina M. Grimshaw
Summary: The study found that rewards can reduce attentional capture by emotional distractors, showing that even non-monetary rewards can aid in attentional control.
COGNITION & EMOTION
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Philipp Deutsch, Stefan Czoschke, Cora Fischer, Jochen Kaiser, Christoph Bledowski
Summary: Working memory allows for temporary storage of relevant information for behavior. Sensory cortex is involved in maintaining working memory contents, but it is unclear how sensory regions maintain memory representations in the presence of distracting stimuli. This study used fMRI to examine auditory working memory and active distractor processing. The results showed that pitch-specific memory information could be decoded in auditory cortex without distraction, but dropped to chance level during distraction. There was also evidence of memory content-specific activity in higher cortical regions during active distraction. These findings question the involvement of early auditory cortex in maintaining distractor-resistant working memory contents.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Hui Kou, Wei Luo, Xinnan Liu, Mingyang Ke, Qinhong Xie, Xue Li, Taiyong Bi
Summary: Mindfulness training can effectively reduce anxiety and depressive symptoms. However, its impact on attentional bias towards facial emotions may only be temporary and plays a limited role in improving emotional symptoms.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Jemma Todd, Daelin Coutts-Bain, Emily Wilson, Patrick Clarke
Summary: The aim of this review is to investigate the potential causal relationship between attentional bias variability (ABV) and emotional vulnerability. The evidence suggests that ABV may predict later post-traumatic stress symptoms, particularly in individuals exposed to trauma. Some interventions aimed at reducing ABV show promise in improving PTSD symptoms, although the changes in ABV do not consistently correspond to changes in symptoms. Further high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to establish the causal status of ABV.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Emilie Veerapa, Pierre Grandgenevre, Guillaume Vaiva, Stephane Duhem, Mohamed El Fayoumi, Benjamin Vinnac, Sebastien Szaffarczyk, Marielle Wathelet, Thomas Fovet, Fabien D'Hondt
Summary: This study investigated the biased processing of aversive stimuli in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) using both response time and eye-tracking measures. The results showed no attentional bias for negative stimuli in PTSD from response time measures, but eye-tracking results revealed that individuals with PTSD displayed heightened sustained attention for negative scenes once detected.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Taiyong Bi, Qinhong Xie, Jianhui Gao, Tao Zhang, Hui Kou
Summary: The study found that high-empathy individuals exhibit attentional avoidance to negative stimuli, while low-empathy individuals show attentional bias towards positive stimuli. Additionally, the attentional bias score and attentional disengagement score are only correlated within the same category of stimuli.
PSYCHOLOGY RESEARCH AND BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Ai-bao Zhou, Yue Yuan, Hai-yan Wang, Hai-yan Zhao, Jin-guo Zhao, Yi-tong Wang, Lu Cai
Summary: This study investigated the impact of attentional resources and emotional reactivity on emotional memory enhancement in adolescents and adults. The results showed that age and attentional resources had an interaction effect on emotional memory enhancement, with higher levels observed in adults compared to adolescents and in the sufficient attentional resources task. Negative emotions were significantly higher than positive and neutral emotions, and positive emotions were significantly higher than neutral emotions. Emotional reactivity and age also had an interaction effect on emotional memory enhancement, with adolescents and adults with high emotional reactivity showing significantly higher levels of negative emotions compared to positive and neutral emotions. Emotional memory enhancement was moderated by attentional resources during the encoding process and emotional reactivity.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Carolina Bonmassar, Florian Scharf, Andreas Widmann, Nicole Wetzel
Summary: This study found that highly arousing emotional distractor sounds impair performance less compared to moderately arousing neutral distractor sounds in a task. The study also found that the reduction in distraction effects caused by emotional distractor sounds is related to an enhancement of arousal evoked by processing these sounds.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Shuge Yuan, Mengsi Xu, Xiaonan Yao, Lijie Zhang, Xiaoli Du, Dong Yang
Summary: Trust violations can have negative effects on individuals' behaviors and emotions, as well as impair cognitive abilities, particularly attention and working memory. The study findings suggest that trust violations lead to increased attentional focus on negative stimuli and reduced disengagement from these stimuli; moreover, trust violations also damage the ability to update working memory.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Sevil Ince, Trevor Steward, Ben J. Harrison, Alec J. Jamieson, Christopher G. Davey, James A. Agathos, Bradford A. Moffat, Rebecca K. Glarin, Kim L. Felmingham
Summary: The amygdala enhances the processing of negative emotional stimuli and access to attentional resources, while the periaqueductal gray modulates autonomic arousal through inhibitory influence on the amygdala, anterior insula, and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David Harry McDougal, Moses Morakortoi Darpolor, Marina Andreyevna DuVall, Elizabeth Frost Sutton, Christopher David Morrison, Kishore Murali Gadde, Leanne Maree Redman, Owen Thomas Carmichael
ACTA DIABETOLOGICA
(2018)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kishore M. Gadde, Corby K. Martin, Hans-Rudolf Berthoud, Steven B. Heymsfield
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Katelyn M. Daigle, Catherine H. Gang, Mariko F. Kopping, Kishore M. Gadde
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR
(2019)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Jordana B. Cohen, Kishore M. Gadde
CURRENT HYPERTENSION REPORTS
(2019)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
John W. Apolzan, Elizabeth M. Venditti, Sharon L. Edelstein, William C. Knowler, Dana Dabelea, Edward J. Boyko, Xavier Pi-Sunyer, Rita R. Kalyani, Paul W. Franks, Preethi Srikanthan, Kishore M. Gadde
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2019)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kishore M. Gadde, Katelyn D. Atkins
EXPERT OPINION ON PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2020)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Emily E. Howard, Lee M. Margolis, Claire E. Berryman, Harris R. Lieberman, J. Philip Karl, Andrew J. Young, Monty A. Montano, William J. Evans, Nancy R. Rodriguez, Neil M. Johannsen, Kishore M. Gadde, Melissa N. Harris, Jennifer C. Rood, Stefan M. Pasiakos
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2020)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rajaa Nahra, Tao Wang, Kishore M. Gadde, Jan Oscarsson, Michael Stumvoll, Lutz Jermutus, Boaz Hirshberg, Philip Ambery
Summary: Cotadutide treatment for 54 weeks improved glycemic control and weight loss in participants with overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes. Ad hoc analyses demonstrated improvements in hepatic parameters and support further evaluation of cotadutide in NASH.
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kishore M. Gadde, Steven B. Heymsfield
LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Sport Sciences
Emily E. Howard, Lee M. Margolis, Claire E. Berryman, Harris R. Lieberman, J. Philip Karl, Andrew J. Young, Monty A. Montano, William J. Evans, Nancy R. Rodriguez, Neil M. Johannsen, Kishore M. Gadde, Melissa N. Harris, Jennifer C. Rood, Stefan M. Pasiakos
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2020)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
J. Philip Karl, Claire E. Berryman, Melissa N. Harris, Harris R. Lieberman, Kishore M. Gadde, Jennifer C. Rood, Stefan M. Pasiakos
JOURNAL OF THE ENDOCRINE SOCIETY
(2020)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Kishore M. Gadde, John W. Apolzan, Hans-Rudolf Berthoud
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
(2018)
Correction
Endocrinology & Metabolism
K. M. Gadde, M. L. Vetter, N. Iqbal, E. Hardy, P. Ohman
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2017)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kishore M. Gadde, Marion L. Vetter, Nayyar Iqbal, Elise Hardy, Peter Oehman
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2017)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Stefan M. Pasiakos, Claire E. Berryman, J. Philip Karl, Harris R. Lieberman, Jeb S. Orr, Lee M. Margolis, John A. Caldwell, Andrew J. Young, Monty A. Montano, William J. Evans, Oshin Vartanian, Owen T. Carmichael, Kishore M. Gadde, Melissa Harris, Jennifer C. Rood
CONTEMPORARY CLINICAL TRIALS
(2017)