Article
Biophysics
Zhaoyang Li, Yong Cui, Junwen Zhong
Summary: Electromechanical biomonitoring is crucial for human health evaluation, disease prevention, and quality of life improvement. Nanogenerators-based flexible electronics, combined with AI, 5G, and IoT technologies, are creating intelligent systems capable of analyzing, transmitting, and making decisions. The field has made significant advancements in understanding nanogenerators, applications of flexible electronics, and discussing future development trends.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Chunmei Fan, Jiajia Shao, Xin Guo, Morten Willatzen, Zhong Lin Wang
Summary: This study establishes a dynamic field-circuit coupling model to determine the force distribution and power flow of a TENG transducer. It is found that dissipation in TENGs is caused by the separation of charges in contacting surfaces and metal electrodes. Moreover, in steady-state operation, all input energy is converted into electrical power unless there are mechanical and electrical dissipation mechanisms.
MATERIALS TODAY PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yongke Yan, Liwei D. Geng, Hairui Liu, Haoyang Leng, Xiaotian Li, Yu U. Wang, Shashank Priya
Summary: This study presents an optimization strategy for the electromechanical coupling factor, k, in piezoelectric materials by texturing and covalency tuning. The results show that the k values achieved are comparable to those of single crystals. Through experimental and phase field simulation methods, the researchers demonstrate that the k value can reach the level of single crystals, far exceeding the average value of traditional ceramics. Additionally, a theoretical model reveals that the physical origin of k in perovskite ferroelectrics is mainly attributed to the strong covalent bonding between B-site cation and oxygen via d-p hybridization. The demonstration of near-ideal k values in textured ceramics has significant implications for the design of ultra-wide bandwidth, high efficiency, high power density, and high stability piezoelectric devices.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Dengyi Huang, Junda Qin, Hao Liu, Joe H. Chow, Junbo Zhao, Tianshu Bi, Lamine Mili, Qixun Yang
Summary: Accurate estimation of electromechanical disturbance propagation in a power system is crucial for taking preventive, corrective, and in-extremis control actions. This paper proposes an analytical method based on electromechanical wave theory, which investigates disturbance propagation and studies disturbance attenuation and propagation degree. Numerical results on multi-machine chain network and IEEE 118-bus test system validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ana I. Fernandez-Marino, Xiao-Feng Tan, Chanhyung Bae, Kate Huffer, Jiansen Jiang, Kenton J. Swartz
Summary: The study reveals the structure and functional mechanisms of the Kv2.1 voltage-activated potassium channel, providing insights into how mutations affect channel activity. Inactivation in Kv2.1 is found to be caused by dynamic alterations in electromechanical coupling, which suggests a conserved mechanism in voltage-activated cation channels and its relevance for regulating neuron firing.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Danilo Obradovic, Marina Oluic, Robert Eriksson, Mehrdad Ghandhari
Summary: This paper comprehensively analyzes the impact of supplementary power control on an HVDC link on the electromechanical dynamics of power systems, revealing an interesting phenomenon where a high gain HVDC frequency controller may deteriorate system damping. The study provides insights into the relationship between HVDC gain and damping/synchronizing coefficients, confirming the positive impact of an HVDC controller on the synchronizing component. Additionally, the theoretical foundation developed is demonstrated through linear and nonlinear analysis in a one-machine system case study.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carlos A. Z. Bassetto, Flavio Costa, Carlo Guardiani, Francisco Bezanilla, Alberto Giacomello
Summary: This article reveals the existence of a noncanonical kinematic chain of residues involving the S4/S1 and S1/S5 subunit interfaces that controls the gating of the hERG cardiac channel, which is vital for the function of organs such as the brain, heart, and muscles.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Siyuan Wang, Wenchuan Wu
Summary: The paper discusses how to evaluate the power flexibility of virtual power plants, proposing a model based on chance constrained optimization and representing the evaluation results by a combination of virtual generator and virtual battery. The flexibility evaluation problem is decomposed using a robust optimization algorithm and the parameters are estimated using a bound shrinking method. Experimental results show that the proposed method provides more accurate and less conservative results compared to existing methods.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Rodrigo T. Rocha, Feras Alfosail, Wen Zhao, Mohammad I. Younis, Sami F. Masri
Summary: This work introduces a nonparametric identification method for studying the nonlinear response of MEMS resonators, demonstrating its effectiveness in capturing the characteristics of complex nonlinear systems. Experimental measurements show hardening behavior in the frequency-response of the resonator, mainly influenced by cubic nonlinearity.
MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Md Farhadul Haque, Peter Snapp, Jin Myung Kim, Michael Cai Wang, Hyung Jong Bae, Chullhee Cho, SungWoo Nam
Summary: This study reveals that the out-of-plane converse flexoelectric effect of atomically thin MoS2 and WSe2 exceeds their intrinsic in-plane piezoresponse, with significantly enhanced CFE compared to their bulk counterparts. Additionally, an anomalous reduction in converse flexoresponse in the monolayer structure is observed and attributed to a puckering deformation.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Q. Ji, K. K. Afridi, T. Bauer, G. Giesbrecht, Y. Hou, A. Lal, D. Ni, A. Persaud, Z. Qin, P. Seidl, S. Sinha, T. Schenkel
Summary: This report discusses the development of multi-beam radio frequency linear ion accelerators, which are formed from low-cost wafers and describe the status of beam power scale using an array of 112 beams. The study shows potential for achieving high ion currents and energies for material processing applications.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Ruchika Dhawan, Hari Prasad Panthi, Orlando Lazaro, Andres Blanco, Hal Edwards, Mark Lee
Summary: Thermoelectric generators and coolers offer a potential solution for energy autonomy in internet-of-things and biomedical electronics, as well as local cooling for high-performance integrated circuits. Advancing thermoelectric technology requires research on thermoelectric materials and device physics, particularly in determining thermopower and Peltier coefficients at the device level instead of the material level.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lu Dai, Jia You, Wenzhong Shen, Ka-Di Zhu, Xiaojiang Huang
Summary: A comprehensive theory has been constructed in this paper to quantitatively analyze the electromechanical properties of close packed and non-close packed electrically conductive helices. The study reveals that the close packed helices are suitable for rotational inversion and axial contraction, while the non-close packed helices are better for larger torsional stroke. This study provides a reliable theoretical reference for further experimental research on the applications of conductive helices in micro-/nanoelectromechanical systems.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ilya Tyuryukanov, Marjan Popov, Mart A. M. M. van der Meijden, Vladimir Terzija
Summary: This paper introduces a new approach for identifying generator slow coherency by minimizing normalized cuts, guiding the choice of group number, and combining with an improved inertial generator aggregation method to produce accurate dynamic equivalents even with a lower number of generator groups.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zirui Zhao, Xiaoli Wang, Yanqiang Hu, Zhihao Li, Lizhou Li
Summary: This study established a wear model based on charge density and an electrostatic induction model considering the distribution of transfer film, revealing the quantitative relationship between the transfer film area fraction and the electrical output.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Katherine M. E. Stewart, Majed Al-Ghamdi, Mahmoud Khater, Eihab M. Abdel-Rahman, Alexander Penlidis
Summary: This paper critically reviews recent advancements in aqueous sensors for heavy metals, focusing on the challenges and advantages of using MEMS sensors in water environments and choosing appropriate polymeric sensing materials. Additionally, general considerations and recommendations for developing MEMS chemical sensors are provided, centering around the chemical nature of the analyte and sensor application environment. By following these recommendations, time and cost can be saved by designing a suitable sensor and sensing material for the target application.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Mohamed Mokhtar, Mostafa F. Shaaban, Hatem Zeineldin, Ehab El-Saadany
Summary: This article proposes a novel concept called virtual charging system (VCS) that aims to increase customer satisfaction and profits for electric vehicle (EV) owners. The VCS involves cooperation between charging stations, EVs, and an operator who optimizes routing to maximize profits and minimize charging time and costs.
IEEE SYSTEMS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Alaa Elhady, Eihab Abdel-Rahman
Summary: This paper presents a novel compact electric permittivity sensor that utilizes Bleustein-Gulyaev waves propagating along the surface of shear-poled piezoelectrics. The sensor eigenvalues are influenced by the permittivity of the medium-under-test, enabling the implementation of a frequency-shift permittivity sensor. Experimental results demonstrate resonance of the first and third modes when excited using an interdigitated transducer. Sensor prototypes fabricated on shear-poled PZT4 and LiNbO3 substrates show a shift in their fundamental natural frequency in the presence of different media-under-test.
JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Mohamed Arabi, Majed Alghamdi, Khalid Kabel, Ahmed Labena, Walaa S. Gado, Bhoomi Mavani, Alison J. Scott, Alexander Penlidis, Mustafa Yavuz, Eihab Abdel-Rahman
Summary: This study reports on the deployment of MEMS static bifurcation sensors for the detection of volatile organic compounds, specifically hydrogen sulfide and formaldehyde. The sensitivity and selectivity of two detector polymers, polyaniline (PANI) and poly (2,5-dimethyl aniline) (P25DMA), were investigated. A semi-automatic method was developed to functionalize individual sensors and arrays with the detector polymers. The results show that the sensor array can selectively detect 1 ppm of formaldehyde in the presence of benzene.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Aram Kirakosyan, Amir Ameli, Tarek H. M. EL-Fouly, Mohamed Shawky El Moursi, Magdy M. A. Salama, Ehab F. El-Saadany
Summary: This paper presents a novel control approach for the droop-controlled Voltage Source Converters (VSC) in Multi-Terminal High Voltage Direct Current (MTDC) systems. The frequency consensus controller is used to dampen inter-area oscillations and provide enhanced mutual frequency support. A new power-sharing control loop based on the proposed power deviation ratio (PDR) index is developed to distribute active power mismatches between the VSCs. Additionally, an equidistant voltage control (EVC) loop is proposed to regulate the dc system's voltages and increase the safety margin in voltage regulation.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
JuHyeong Ryu, Bennett Banting, Eihab Abdel-Rahman, Carl T. Haas
Summary: This study investigates the performance and ergonomic characteristics of expert masons during various masonry activities. The findings provide insights into the distinctive ergonomic characteristics of these masons and can be used to improve training for apprentices. Optimized work configurations and the application of expert masons' biomechanical strategies are expected to have a significant impact on safety, health, and productivity.
JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Alaaeldin Elhady, Majed S. Alghamdi, Eihab Abdel-Rahman
Summary: We propose an experimental technique for constructing nonlinear resonator response under sweeping control parameters. Our technique can accurately capture nonlinear features such as bifurcations and hysteresis. To validate the technique, we apply it to construct the frequency response of a MEMS resonator under sweep excitation. The response is optically measured and recorded in the time domain, with the root-mean-square calculated over variable-size time windows. The limitations in sweep time, window size, and frequency step are determined by the resonator's quality factor, and we analyze them in terms of slew rate and sampling frequency. Although optical measurements were used for validation, the described methods can be applied to any measured response signal.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Biyadgie Ayalew, Mohamed Shawky El Moursi, Ehab F. El-Saadany
Summary: This paper proposes a mutual frequency support strategy for ac grids connected by multi-terminal high voltage dc transmission system. The scheme ensures that the aggregated droop gains of the converters in the same ac grid are equal to the designed gains during ac side disturbance. It also introduces a threshold compensation strategy to eliminate the impact of frequency deviation on converters' control. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is verified through rigorous simulation tests.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mohsen Khalaf, Abdelrahman Ayad, Magdy M. A. Salama, Deepa Kundur, Ehab F. El-Saadany
Summary: This paper investigates the problem of cyber-attacks on Wide-Area Under-Frequency Load Shedding (WAUFLS) schemes and proposes a novel Reliable States WAUFLS (RSLS) scheme to protect against False Data Injection (FDI) attacks. The proposed scheme uses reliable system states obtained using a data-classification method on the Power Flow Measurements (PFMs) to perform disturbance calculation and load shedding. Extensive simulations on the IEEE-39 bus New England system validate the effectiveness and robustness of the RSLS scheme in evaluating system disturbance and performing load-shedding.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ahmed Foda, Hatem Abdelaty, Moataz Mohamed, Ehab El-Saadany
Summary: Implementing battery electric buses (BEB) in transit operation can effectively reduce greenhouse gas emissions, but it faces challenges due to the interdependency of various system parameters. This study develops an optimization model that considers BEB cost, utility impact, and GHG emissions, optimizing the charging infrastructure, battery capacity, and charging schedule. The results show that both en-route and depot charging approaches are necessary, with different power capacities and charger quantities. The temporal variation of electricity time-of-use and GHG emissions intensity also greatly influence the charging strategy and system cost.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Omniyah Gul M. Khan, Amr Youssef, Magdy Salama, Ehab Fahmy El-Saadany
Summary: The high penetration of distributed energy resources and heavy flexible loads has changed the operating conditions of the distribution network. This article proposes a deep deterministic policy gradient reinforcement learning scheme to alleviate congestion, which does not require explicit probabilistic models of the controllable loads. The results demonstrate the outperformance of the proposed technique in terms of the electricity cost and peak-to-average ratio of the load profiles.
IEEE SYSTEMS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Tarek Medalel Masaud, Ehab El-Saadany
Summary: This article proposes a comprehensive two-stage approach for optimal planning of battery storage systems (BSS) in a microgrid. The first stage formulates a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problem to determine the optimal size and degradation factor of the battery. The second stage formulates an MILP management problem for optimal scheduling and swapping of the BSS.
IEEE SYSTEMS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Resul Saritas, Majed Al-Ghamdi, Taylan Memik Das, Omar Rasheed, Samed Kocer, Ahmet Gulsaran, Asif Abdullah Khan, Md Masud Rana, Mahmoud Khater, Muhammed Kayaharman, Dayan Ban, Mustafa Yavuz, Eihab Abdel-Rahman
Summary: Creating micro or nano-features on polymeric surfaces can greatly enhance the output power of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs).
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Omniyah Gul M. Khan, Amr Youssef, Magdy Salama, Ehab El-Saadany
Summary: Increased penetration of heavy loads is expected to cause congestion in distribution networks. A multi-objective optimization approach is proposed to schedule flexible load and alleviate potential congestion by minimizing consumers' electricity cost and decreasing the peak to average ratio of the load curve. Uncertainty analysis is performed to ensure the effectiveness of the proposed congestion management scheme. The results show that the proposed framework outperforms the existing scheme in terms of price reduction, load curve flattening, and congestion alleviation.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Ahmad Mohammad Saber, Amr Youssef, Davor Svetinovic, Hatem H. Zeineldin, Ehab F. El-Saadany
Summary: This article proposes a scheme to protect LCDRs from cyberattacks such as direct-false-tripping, fault-masking, and sympathetic-tripping, by utilizing a trained deep neural network to differentiate between authentic and manipulated LCDR measurements. The proposed scheme accurately detects various forms of cyberattacks while maintaining the protective characteristics of LCDRs.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL INFORMATICS
(2023)
