Article
Psychiatry
Farnoosh Emamian, Mostafa Mahdipour, Khadijeh Noori, Masoumeh Rostampour, S. Bentolhoda Mousavi, Habibolah Khazaie, Mohammadreza Khodaie-Ardakani, Masoud Tahmasian, Mojtaba Zarei
Summary: This study found that subcortical brain structures exhibit pathological alterations in patients with paradoxical and psychophysiological insomnia, with different patterns of structural changes observed in these two common subtypes of insomnia.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jing Zhou, Xiaoling Wu, Zhonglin Li, Zhi Zou, Shewei Dou, Gang Li, Fengshan Yan, Bairu Chen, Yongli Li
Summary: This study investigated the changes in gut microbiota and serum metabolites in patients with insomnia disorder. The results showed that patients with insomnia disorder had differential gut microbiota and serum metabolic profiles compared with healthy controls. The alterations in gut microbiota were correlated with specific serum metabolites, suggesting a potential role of serum metabolites in the gut microbiota-brain communication in the pathogenesis of insomnia disorder.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Guihua Jiang, Ying Feng, Meng Li, Hua Wen, Tianyue Wang, Yanan Shen, Ziwei Chen, Shumei Li
Summary: The functional connectivity (FC) in subregions of the cholinergic basal forebrain (BF) was found to be altered in patients with insomnia disorder (ID), with decreased FC between Ch_123 and the medial superior frontal gyrus, and increased FC between the midbrain and Ch_4. Furthermore, the FC alteration between the midbrain and Ch_4 was significantly negatively correlated with anxiety.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Mortaza Afshani, Ahmad Mahmoudi-Aznaveh, Khadijeh Noori, Masoumeh Rostampour, Mojtaba Zarei, Kai Spiegelhalder, Habibolah Khazaie, Masoud Tahmasian
Summary: Insomnia disorder (ID) is a prevalent mental illness with various subtypes. This study found that multimodal whole-brain neuroimaging measurements can better discriminate different subtypes of ID from each other and healthy subjects compared to unimodal approaches. These preliminary findings provide evidence for further research on the mechanism of each subtype and personalized treatments for ID in the future.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rasit Asiloglu
Summary: Biochar applications have significant impacts on the soil microbial community and functionality, but studies on protists, which are an important component of eukaryotic diversity, are currently lacking.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yara J. Toenders, Lianne Schmaal, Laura Nawijn, Laura K. M. Han, Julia Binnewies, Nic J. A. van der Wee, Marie-Jose van Tol, Dick J. Veltman, Yuri Milaneschi, Femke Lamers, Brenda W. J. H. Penninx
Summary: This study examined the association between specific clinical and biological characteristics of depression and structural brain alterations. The results showed that depression severity was negatively associated with thickness of the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), while melancholic symptoms were negatively associated with thickness of the caudal ACC. However, no consistent associations were found between atypical energy-related symptom profile, immuno-metabolic indices, and structural brain measures.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Kolsoum Dehdar, Mohammad Reza Raoufy
Summary: Psychiatric disorders are common in patients with allergic asthma, and recent studies suggest that immune-brain communication mechanisms may contribute to the alterations in brain structure and function that lead to anxiety in these patients. This paper comprehensively reviews the research on asthma-induced brain alterations and highlights the importance of addressing neuropsychiatric disorders in asthma clinical guidelines for improved patient quality of life. Understanding the mechanisms underlying psychiatric comorbidities in asthma could lead to more effective treatments.
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Javier Rasero, Antonio Jimenez-Marin, Ibai Diez, Roberto Toro, Mazahir T. Hasan, Jesus M. Cortes
Summary: This study used a subtyping approach to analyze functional brain connectivity patterns in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Two stable subtypes, one with hypoconnectivity and one with hyperconnectivity, were identified. Only the subtype with hyperconnectivity showed enrichment in genes associated with excitation/inhibition imbalance, a known mechanism in the pathophysiology of ASD. These findings contribute to our understanding of the heterogeneity in ASD and provide insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Xinjuan Zhang, Weiwei Xie, Yanqiu Liu, Minglu Li, Jianzhong Lin, Wu Yin, Lihui Yang, Pengji Li, Ying Sun, Tianzhi Li, Haipeng Liu, Hailin Ma, Jiaxing Zhang
Summary: The genetic effects in Tibetan brains adapted to high altitude environments were investigated and compared with Han immigrants living in Lhasa. Tibetans showed higher peripheral oxygen saturation, lower heart rate, red blood cell counts, hematocrit, and hemoglobin. Tibetans also exhibited specific brain structural changes and alterations in neuronal activity.
Article
Psychiatry
Igor Soares Vieira, Nathalia Tessele Barreto, Fernanda Pedrotti Moreira, Thaise Campos Mondin, Mario Simjanoski, Taiane de Azevedo Cardoso, Flavio Kapczinski, Karen Jansen, Luciano Dias de Mattos Souza, Ricardo Azevedo da Silva
Summary: The study revealed differences in sleep efficiency and disturbances between euthymic BD and MDD, highlighting the importance of regular sleep assessments for individuals recently diagnosed with BD. These differences can provide valuable insights for prognosis, treatment, and the presence of subsyndromal symptoms in the absence of a mood episode.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Neuroimaging
Annerine Roos, Jean-Paul Fouche, Jonathan C. Ipser, Katherine L. Narr, Roger P. Woods, Heather J. Zar, Dan J. Stein, Kirsten A. Donald
Summary: Prenatal alcohol exposure disrupts brain structural and functional networks in neonates, leading to global and regional functional disturbances. Control group exhibits superior global structural and functional connectivity, while neonates with prenatal alcohol exposure show more prominent structural and functional connectivity in certain subcortical and occipital regions.
BRAIN IMAGING AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Evelyn B. N. Friedel, Hannah-Tabea Hahn, Simon Maier, Sebastian Kuechlin, Michael Reich, Kimon Runge, Michael Bach, Sven P. Heinrich, Juergen Kornmeier, Dominique Endres, Dieter Ebert, Katharina Domschke, Ludger Tebartz van Elst, Kathrin Nickel
Summary: This study explores the differences in both structural and functional retina between patients with paranoid schizophrenia and healthy controls. The findings highlight the importance of comprehensive assessment of the visual system in patients with schizophrenia, and the need for further investigation into the effects of antipsychotic medication, duration of illness, and other factors.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Oualid Benkarim, Casey Paquola, Bo-yong Park, Seok-Jun Hong, Jessica Royer, Reinder Vos de Wael, Sara Lariviere, Sofie Valk, Danilo Bzdok, Laurent Mottron, Boris C. Bernhardt
Summary: Benkarim et al. developed a new method to analyze inter-individual variability in functional network organization in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and found increased idiosyncrasy in default mode, somatomotor, and attention networks, but reduced idiosyncrasy in lateral temporal cortices. The study also revealed that idiosyncrasy increased with age and significantly correlated with symptom severity in ASD.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Xiaofen Ma, Shishun Fu, Yi Yin, Yunfan Wu, Tianyue Wang, Guang Xu, Mengchen Liu, Yikai Xu, Junzhang Tian, Guihua Jiang
Summary: This study found structural and functional abnormalities in the subregions of the basal forebrain in patients with insomnia disorder. The Ch_4 subregion may play a key role in establishing diagnostic biomarkers for insomnia. Different patterns of neural connectivity were observed among short-term and chronic insomnia groups compared to healthy controls.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Mario Luciano, Matteo Di Vincenzo, Emiliana Mancuso, Niccolo Marafioti, Arcangelo Di Cerbo, Vincenzo Giallonardo, Gaia Sampogna, Andrea Fiorillo
Summary: Pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) is associated with significant psychosocial impairment and high use of mental health services. Neuroimaging studies have shown functional and structural alterations in brain regions involved in regulation and cognition among PBD patients. These findings highlight the importance of a more precise understanding of brain dysfunction in PBD for the development of targeted interventions.
CURRENT NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
