Review
Oncology
Jennifer W. Carlisle, Ticiana Leal
Summary: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a rapidly progressive neuroendocrine carcinoma that has limited effective treatments. Advances in DNA sequencing and whole transcriptomics have identified key subtypes, leading to the development of chemoimmunotherapy as the standard of care for advanced disease. Ongoing research is focused on incorporating immunotherapy into limited stage settings and exploring combination strategies with radiation.
Article
Immunology
Akshay J. Patel, Naeem Khan, Alex Richter, Babu Naidu, Mark T. Drayson, Gary W. Middleton
Summary: B cells play a key role in lung cancer pathogenesis and response to immunotherapy. The B cell repertoire differs between tumor and circulation, with a diverse range of plasma cell and memory cell phenotypes in lung cancer. The influence of smoking and tumor type on the B cell repertoire is limited.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jin-Dong Li, Cheng-Yan Jin, Yan Zhang, Hang Guo, Guang-Lei Zhang, Chun-Guang Wang
Summary: This case report describes a patient with lung cancer who experienced histopathological transformation from squamous-cell carcinoma to large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma with a small fraction of small cell carcinoma.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jin Chen, Zhongqiu Wu, Wenyi Deng, Minying Tang, Lvying Wu, Na Lin, Liuyan Chen, Yunfeng Fu, Min Zhao, Changguo Chen, Wenting Li
Summary: USP51 regulates TWIST1 protein through deubiquitination, influencing stemness and growth of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cells.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ibrahim Azar, Omid Yazdanpanah, Hyejeong Jang, Adam Austin, Seongho Kim, Jie Chi, Samer Alkassis, Biplab K. Saha, Amit Chopra, Kristoffer Neu, Syed Mehdi, Hirva Mamdani
Summary: There is no significant difference in survival outcomes between cisplatin and carboplatin for the treatment of both limited-stage and extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The favorable toxicity profile of carboplatin and comparable overall survival support its use in clinical practice for both types of SCLC and allow for combination with novel treatment strategies in clinical trials.
Article
Oncology
Hao Liu, Li-Hong Chen, Zhi-Hui Zhang, Ning Wang, Si-Hui Zhuang, Hao Chen, Jin Du, Li-Juan Pang, Yan Qi
Summary: This study reported two cases of small cell transformation of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after targeted therapy or immunotherapy. The transformation to small cell lung cancer is a potential mechanism of NSCLC resistance to targeted therapy or immunotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Priyanka Gopal, Aaron Petty, Kevin Rogacki, Titas Bera, Rohan Bareja, Craig D. Peacock, Mohamed E. Abazeed
Summary: This study identifies distinct transcriptional states in individual small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) tumors and reveals their discrete functional attributes. The research also highlights the presence of stable cellular states governed by bidirectional cell state transitions in SCLC tumors. By altering individual state transition rates, the composition of tumor states can be reconfigured.
Article
Oncology
Beung-Chul Ahn, Charny Park, Sang-Jin Lee, Sehwa Hong, Ji-Eun Hwang, Kyoungsuk Kwon, Jin Young Kim, Kyung-Hee Kim, Hyae Young Kim, Geon Kook Lee, Youngjoo Lee, Ji-Youn Han
Summary: This study investigated the efficacy of cyclophosphamide and adriamycin induction therapy prior to nivolumab in previously treated non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer patients with low PD-L1 expression. It was found that the induction therapy reduced myeloid-derived suppressor cells and resulted in a durable response. Additionally, higher baseline levels of transferrin receptor protein predicted a favorable response to nivolumab in patients with low PD-L1 expression.
Article
Oncology
Valentina Lukinovic, Simone Hausmann, Gael S. Roth, Clement Oyeniran, Tanveer Ahmad, Ning Tsao, Joshua R. Brickner, Alexandre G. Casanova, Florent Chuffart, Ana Morales Benitez, Jessica Vayr, Rebecca Rodell, Marianne Tardif, Pascal W. T. C. Jansen, Yohann Coute, Michiel Vermeulen, Pierre Hainaut, Pawel K. Mazur, Nima Mosammaparast, Nicolas Reynoird
Summary: This study identifies SMYD3 as a major regulator of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) sensitivity to alkylating chemotherapy and demonstrates that SMYD3 inhibition restores SCLC vulnerability to alkylating agents. These findings provide a rationale for targeting SMYD3 to improve responses to chemotherapy in SCLC.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Agnieszka Rybarczyk-Kasiuchnicz, Rodryg Ramlau, Katarzyna Stencel
Summary: Lung cancer is a common malignant neoplasm that may progress to metastasize to the central nervous system, affecting the prognosis unfavorably. The discovery of EGFR-activating mutations and ALK rearrangements in lung adenocarcinoma patients has led to the introduction of small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors for advanced-stage treatment. These inhibitors target different pathways to improve progression-free survival in patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
David S. Hong, Ajay K. Gopal, Alexander N. Shoushtari, Sandip P. Patel, Aiwu R. He, Toshihiko Doi, Suresh S. Ramalingam, Amita Patnaik, Shahneen Sandhu, Ying Chen, Craig B. Davis, Timothy S. Fisher, Bo Huang, Kolette D. Fly, Antoni Ribas
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the objective response rate of utomilumab in patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor-refractory melanoma and non-small-cell lung cancer. The results showed that utomilumab had good tolerability but low antitumor activity. Efficacy was associated with immune-active tumor microenvironments.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Prabhu Thirusangu, Upasana Ray, Sayantani Sarkar Bhattacharya, Derek B. Oien, Ling Jin, Julie Staub, Nagarajan Kannan, Julian R. Molina, Viji Shridhar
Summary: PFKFB3 is an important enzyme in glycolysis that is overexpressed in many human cancers. Its high expression promotes glycolysis and survival in cancer stem cells, while inhibition of PFKFB3 can reduce proliferation, spheroid formation, chemotherapy resistance, and invasion/migration in SCLC cells.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Matteo Tortora, Ermanno Cordelli, Rosa Sicilia, Marianna Miele, Paolo Matteucci, Giulio Iannello, Sara Ramella, Paolo Soda
Summary: This study utilizes a Deep Reinforcement Learning controller to optimize the daily dose fraction delivered to lung cancer patients during radiation therapy, providing personalized treatment. By modeling tissue radiosensitivity using ordinary differential equations and estimating parameters from CT scans using the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm, the DRL is able to learn optimal behavior through an iterative trial and error process with the environment.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Parvez Khan, Jawed Akhtar Siddiqui, Shailendra Kumar Maurya, Imayavaramban Lakshmanan, Maneesh Jain, Apar Kishor Ganti, Ravi Salgia, Surinder Kumar Batra, Mohd Wasim Nasser
Summary: SCLC is a subtype of lung cancer with high mortality, where epigenetic modifications play a crucial role in tumorigenesis, progression, and drug resistance. Understanding SCLC epigenetics is important for prognostication, treatment stratification, and the development of new therapies.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kristina Krpina, Semir Vranic, Kresimir Tomic, Miroslav Samarzija, Lara Baticic
Summary: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive malignancy with rapid proliferation, early dissemination, acquired therapy resistance, and poor prognosis. Early diagnosis, effective biomarkers, and advancements in therapeutic strategies are essential for improving survival rates and reducing the impact of this devastating disease. This review aims to comprehensively summarize current knowledge on diagnostic options, well-known and emerging biomarkers, and SCLC treatment strategies and discuss future perspectives on this aggressive malignancy.
Article
Oncology
Da Hyun Kang, Sung Soo Jung, Min-Kyung Yeo, Da Hye Lee, Geon Yoo, Sang Yeon Cho, In-Jae Oh, Ju-Ock Kim, Hee Sun Park, Chaeuk Chung, Jeong Eun Lee
Article
Nursing
EunSeok Cha, JinShil Kim, Min Kyun Sohn, Byung Seok Lee, Sung Soo Jung, SoJung Lee, Insil Lee
Summary: Family plays a key role in the understanding of good-life and good-death among Koreans. Advance care planning is a new concept for many, and cultural adaptation is crucial to meet the needs of Koreans with non-cancerous chronic diseases.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING
(2021)
Article
Acoustics
Sun Kyoung You, Jiwon M. Lee, Jeong-Eun Lee, Kyung Sook Shin, So Mi Lee, Hyun-Hae Cho
Summary: Bladder debris on renal and bladder ultrasonography is a common finding in children under 2 years old with the first febrile UTI. It is associated with higher CRP levels, hematuria, and sonographic findings, but not with urine culture results.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND
(2021)
Letter
Respiratory System
Song- Lee, Jeong Suk Koh, Yoon Joo Kim, Da Hyun Kang, Dongil Park, Hee Sun Park, Sung Soo Jung, Ju-Ock Kim, Jeong Eun Lee
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yoonjoo Kim, YunKyong Hyon, Sung Soo Jung, Sunju Lee, Geon Yoo, Chaeuk Chung, Taeyoung Ha
Summary: The study developed an automated classification method for breath sounds based on deep learning, achieving a high accuracy rate of 86.5% in categorizing respiratory sounds. This method can effectively diagnose respiratory diseases and provide appropriate treatment.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Gyutaek Oh, Jeong Eun Lee, Jong Chul Ye
Summary: A novel unpaired deep learning scheme has been proposed for correction of motion artifacts in MR imaging, which does not require matched motion-free and motion artifact images but can successfully reduce artifacts and outperform existing deep learning methods in performance.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Jeong Suk Koh, Chaeuk Chung, Ju Ock Kim, Sung Soo Jung, Hee Sun Park, Jeong Eun Lee, Da Hyun Kang, Yoonjoo Kim, Dongil Park
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of lung ultrasound for delayed pneumothorax post transthoracic needle biopsy. The results showed that lung ultrasound can effectively predict clinically meaningful delayed pneumothorax after the biopsy with a sensitivity of 100% for detecting the need for chest tube replacement.
CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sung Hoon Lee, Yun-Soung Kim, Min-Kyung Yeo, Musa Mahmood, Nathan Zavanelli, Chaeuk Chung, Jun Young Heo, Yoonjoo Kim, Sung-Soo Jung, Woon-Hong Yeo
Summary: In this study, a soft wearable system is developed for real-time, wireless, continuous auscultation, serving as a quantitative disease diagnosis tool. The system utilizes embedded machine learning to accurately diagnose four types of lung diseases and shows potential for sleep studies and detection of breathing disorders.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dongmin Choo, Kyung Sook Shin, Ji Hye Min, Sun-kyoung You, Kyung-Hee Kim, Jeong Eun Lee
Summary: This study assessed the diagnostic performance of elastography point quantification (ElastPQ), transient elastography (TE), and aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet count ratio index (APRI) for the staging of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic viral hepatitis. It found that ElastPQ showed similar diagnostic accuracy to TE and was more accurate than APRI.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Jaeyoung Huh, Shujaat Khan, Sungjin Choi, Dongkuk Shin, Jeong Eun Lee, Eun Sun Lee, Jong Chul
Summary: Unlike 2-D ultrasound, 3-D ultrasound imaging allows for visualizing a volume along three axial planes, providing a full view of anatomy. However, the 3-D ultrasound has limitations in image resolution compared to 2-D ultrasound. To overcome this, a novel unsupervised deep learning approach is proposed to improve 3-D ultrasound image quality, using high-quality 2-D ultrasound images as reference. The proposed method offers significantly improved image quality and user-friendly flexibility.
MEDICAL IMAGE ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Song- Lee, Chaeuk Chung, Dongil Park, Da Hyun Kang, Ye-Rin Ju, Jeong Eun Lee
Summary: This study retrospectively reviewed COVID-19 patients admitted to a tertiary hospital between January 2020 and March 2021 to evaluate the influence of sex differences on clinical characteristics and prognosis. The study found that although there were some differences between males and females in disease presentation and prognosis, there were no significant differences in the overall clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients based on sex.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ka Eun Kim, Sung Soo Jung, Hee Sun Park, Jeong Eun Lee, Chaeuk Chung, Da Hyun Kang, Song - Lee, Jeong Suk Koh, Dongil Park
Summary: We present a case of pulmonary paragonimiasis diagnosed using transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC), which is considered to be a superior method to transbronchial forceps biopsy for obtaining larger specimens containing the eggs. TBLC confirmed the presence of Paragonimus westermani eggs in a 57-year-old male patient with hemoptysis and dyspnea. This highlights the potential of TBLC as a diagnostic tool for pulmonary paragonimiasis, which can be initially misdiagnosed as pneumonia, tuberculosis, or lung cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Cheol-Kyu Park, Ha Ra Jun, Hyung-Joo Oh, Ji-Young Lee, Hyun-Ju Cho, Young-Chul Kim, Jeong Eun Lee, Seong Hoon Yoon, Chang Min Choi, Jae Cheol Lee, Sung Yong Lee, Shin Yup Lee, Sung-Min Chun, In-Jae Oh
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of blood-based biomarkers, including blood tumor mutation burden (bTMB), to predict atezolizumab efficacy in relapsed and advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The results suggest that baseline levels and dynamic changes of blood-based biomarkers can predict atezolizumab efficacy in previously treated NSCLC patients.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Myung-Won Lee, Sang-Hoon Yeon, Hyewon Ryu, Ik-Chan Song, Hyo-Jin Lee, Hwan-Jung Yun, Seon Young Kim, Jeong Eun Lee, Kyung Sook Shin, Deog-Yeon Jo
Summary: This retrospective study evaluated non-palpable splenomegaly in patients with polycythemia vera (PV) and found that the degree of splenomegaly may affect disease progression and prognosis.
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ji-Hyun Seo, Hwa-Ok Bae, Bong Jo Kim, Sun Huh, Young Joon Ahn, Sung Soo Jung, Chanwoong Kim, Sunju Im, Jae-Bum Kim, Seong-Joon Cho, Hee Chul Han, Young-Mee Lee
Summary: This study is the first nationwide investigation of burnout among faculty members in Korean medical schools. The results indicate that a significant number of faculty members exhibit high levels of burnout, with emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment being the primary symptoms. Female faculty members and those under the age of 40 reported higher levels of burnout, while long working hours and excessive regulation were identified as significant stressors.
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Masashi Nishimura, Yoshifumi Kimizuka, Takunori Ogawa, Motohiro Tsuchiya, Yoshiki Kato, Akira Matsukida, Shunya Igarashi, Koki Ito, Yusuke Serizawa, Tomomi Tanigaki, Yuji Fujikura, Yuka Katsurada, Sho Ogata, Akihiko Kawana
Summary: This study reports a case of IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis occurring after chemotherapy. The patient showed improvement after discontinuing immunotherapy and receiving steroid treatment.
Article
Oncology
Yuta Ohishi, Yoko Nakanishi, Yukari Hirotani, Atsuko Suzuki, Tomoyuki Tanino, Haruna Nishimaki-Watanabe, Hiroko Kobayashi, Fumi Nozaki, Sumie Ohni, Xiaoyan Tang, Kentaro Hayashi, Yoshiko Nakagawa, Tetsuo Shimizu, Ichiro Tsujino, Noriaki Takahashi, Yasuhiro Gon, Shinobu Masuda
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological differences and therapeutic response of NSCLC patients with SDC4::ROS1 fusion to crizotinib. The study found that different ROS1 fusion partners may affect the efficacy of crizotinib and patient prognosis. In addition, higher expression levels of ROS1 and pERK1/2 in tumor cells of case 2 may be related to the therapeutic response and prognosis.
Review
Oncology
Zitong Zheng, Juanjuan Liu, Junling Ma, Runting Kang, Zhen Liu, Jiangyong Yu
Summary: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with limited treatment options. Over the past decade, immunotherapy has made progress in the treatment of SCLC, but current immune checkpoint inhibitors have limited benefits for patient survival. Therefore, it is important to explore new targets and develop drugs with novel mechanisms for immunotherapy in SCLC.
Article
Oncology
Kazuto Sugai, Kojiro Nakaoka, Rika Tobita, Shinji Kikuchi, Kei Inoue, Midori Enokido, Moriyuki Kiyoshima
Summary: This article presents a case of multilocular mediastinal cyst leading to the development of thymic cancer. Resection of multilocular anterior mediastinal cysts should be considered due to the challenges in preoperative diagnosis, the potential for coexisting tumors with cysts, and the risk of malignant tumor development.
