Article
Psychology, Developmental
Aneesh Hehr, Edward D. Huntley, Hilary A. Marusak
Summary: Sleep plays a crucial role in neurocognitive development, and insufficient or poor quality sleep can negatively impact cognitive and emotional functions. This study examines the associations between sleep and resting-state functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) in youth.
JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Kenneth L. L. Subotnik, Sarah C. C. McEwen, Joseph Ventura, Luana Rene Turner, Yurika Sturdevant, Trudy L. L. Niess, Laurie R. R. Casaus, Margaret G. G. Distler, Michael F. F. Zito, Gerhard S. S. Hellemann, Clara D. D. Nguyen, Keith H. H. Nuechterlein
Summary: Regular physical exercise can improve sleep quality among individuals with schizophrenia, without the use of medication. Group exercise frequency is associated with better sleep quality in the early course of the disorder.
BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Islam Y. Elgendy, Syed Bukhari, Amr F. Barakat, Carl J. Pepine, Kathryn J. Lindley, Eliza C. Miller
Summary: Maternal mortality rates in the US have been rising steadily, with cardiovascular mortality being the leading cause of death among pregnant and postpartum women. Maternal stroke contributes significantly to cardiovascular mortality, with rates of stroke among pregnant women increasing in recent years. Factors such as advancing maternal age, the increasing prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, and other risk factors like hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, migraine, and infections, may be contributing to the rising rates of maternal stroke.
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Idoya Orradre-Burusco, Julio Fonseca, Mohammad Hamdan Alkhraisat, Junia M. Serra-Negra, Asier Eguia, Aintzane Torre, Eduardo Anitua
Summary: This systematic review aims to determine the relationship between sleep bruxism (SB) and sleep breathing disorders (SBD) in children and teenagers, and consolidate the current knowledge on the association between the two phenomena at a pediatric age. Despite the limitations, the review concludes that there is an association between SB and SBD in children, although the level of evidence is low.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Paula Aristizabal, Courtney D. Thornburg, Janine Young
Summary: The authors urge public health policymakers to understand the significance of residential location and prioritize efforts to improve cancer outcomes in rural areas with concentrated poverty. They call for the attention of public health leaders and healthcare providers in the United States and Mexico to address the health disparities faced by immigrants, who play a crucial role in the economies and social fabric of both countries.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Jane Hybschmann, Martha K. Topperzer, Line K. Gjaerde, Peter Born, Rene Mathiasen, Astrid M. Sehested, Poul J. Jennum, Jette L. Sorensen
Summary: This review explores the sleep patterns and disturbances in hospitalized children and adolescents, highlighting modifiable external factors such as nursing care activities and noise. Sleep-promoting interventions were found to be acceptable to patients, parents, and healthcare professionals. Further standardization in research methodology and reporting is needed in this area.
SLEEP MEDICINE REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jonika B. Hash, Candice A. Alfano, Judith Owens, Kerry Littlewood, Angelique Day, Abhishek Pandey, Monica R. Ordway, Teresa M. Ward
Summary: Sleep health is a critical concern for children in alternative care settings, but it is often overlooked. These children, who have experienced various adversities and traumas, may have compromised sleep health. More research is needed to guide practitioners and policymakers in promoting sleep health among these children.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ronald R. Gilley
Summary: This article reviews the literature on the relationship between sleep, aging, cognition, and cognitive impairment caused by obstructive sleep apnea and insomnia. The findings suggest that disruption of sleep quality and reduction in sleep quantity can lead to cognitive impairment.
CLINICAL EEG AND NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Family Studies
Nicola Cann
Summary: Research suggests that sleep is a time of neurological growth, aiding in memory consolidation and skill development. Good sleep has a positive impact on cognitive, physical, and emotional performance, and can help regulate emotions effectively. Sleep problems are common among children and adolescents, especially those with Autism, and without intervention, they are likely to persist. Emerging research is focusing on the specific sleep difficulties of autistic individuals, aiming to develop effective interventions.
CHILD CARE IN PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Cristina Sarasa, Karen Turner
Summary: This paper discusses the importance of energy efficiency and renewable energy in improving efficiency and reducing energy use, as well as the potential rebound effects that may arise. The research findings indicate that by improving energy efficiency in households and promoting competitive supply of renewable energy, it is possible to effectively reduce energy consumption and benefit the economy.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Inas Abuali, Shruti Patel, Lauren Kiel, Kelly Meza, Narjust Florez
Summary: Disparities in cancer care disproportionately impact minority groups, who face challenges in accessing high-quality care, are underrepresented in clinical trials, and experience financial toxicity and discrimination during their cancer journey. Diversifying the workforce, improving trial access, and allocating research funding for equitable initiatives should be prioritized.
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Victor J. Dzau, Rachel Levine, George Barrett, Andrew Witty
Summary: Progress in the four areas of the health sector is essential for decarbonizing and responding to climate change, and a public-private Action Collaborative is taking on this challenge.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alvaro Pascual-Leone, David Bartres-Faz
Summary: Resilience is a concept with a vague definition and requires a person-centered multidimensional metric to help predict an individual's risk in the face of stress, injury, or disease.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Ana Maria Crawford, Ananya Abate Shiferaw, Papytcho Ntambwe, Alexei Ortiz Milan, Karima Khalid, Rodrigo Rubio, Francoise Nizeyimana, Fredy Ariza, Alhassan Datti Mohammed, Tim Baker, Paulin Ruhato Banguti, Farai Madzimbamuto
Summary: Critical care is not given enough priority, requiring a global call for action to improve equitable access and quality of care for critically ill patients. There are numerous challenges to effective critical care in resource-limited settings, with the true burden of critical illness remaining unclear. Resources, infrastructure, and training are insufficient, leading to unnecessary deaths. Implementation of Essential Emergency and Critical Care is essential to reduce mortality, improve pandemic preparedness, lower postoperative mortality, and decrease the reliance on advanced care. All healthcare workers must be trained in these fundamentals, along with retaining physician and nurse specialists in critical care. Context-specific research is crucial to provide appropriate care, and governments should increase healthcare spending and capacity. Advocacy at all levels is necessary to achieve universal health coverage for critically ill patients.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Bretton Gilmore, Kelly Reveles, Christopher R. Frei
Summary: Vaping among adolescents is a growing concern that requires further research to evaluate its risks and understand the motivations behind it. This knowledge can then be used to develop effective educational and public health programs to prevent and reduce vaping among youths.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Allergy
Katherine Y. H. Chen, Wanyu Chu, Renee Jones, Peter Vuillermin, David Fuller, David Tran, Lena Sanci, Shivanthan Shanthikumar, John Carlin, Harriet Hiscock
Summary: This study examined the rates of hospital readmission and emergency department re-presentation for asthma in Australian children. It also explored the effects of modifiable factors on hospital readmission, including the role of general practitioners and home environmental factors. The findings suggest that hospital readmissions for asthma are increasing among Australian children, and highlight the important role of general practitioners in managing pediatric asthma. There was no apparent association between hospital or home environmental factors and hospital readmissions.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
B. L. M. Ramos, A. M. B. Umemura, O. Bruni, J. F. de Souza, J. V. N. B. Menezes
Summary: This study evaluated the prevalence of sleep disorders in Brazilian preschool children and found a high prevalence rate. It also found significant associations between parental report of dental pain and discomfort and sleep disorders in these children.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Renee Jones, Harriet Hiscock, Shivanthan Shanthikumar, Shaoke Lei, Lena Sanci, Katherine Chen
Summary: This study highlights the gaps and opportunities in primary care for children following a hospital admission for asthma. It emphasizes the need for improved preventative patterns of primary care visits, timely communication between hospitals and primary care providers, and guideline concordant care by GPs.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Mary White, Simon Craig, Wanyu Chu, Harriet Hiscock
Summary: This study describes the patterns of emergency department presentations and hospital admissions in children with ACSCs in Victoria, Australia before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show a significant decrease in ED presentations and admissions in 2020, indicating that changes in out-of-hospital care did not lead to delayed/severe presentations.
AUSTRALIAN HEALTH REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Oliviero Bruni
Summary: The purpose of this review is to provide updated information on the diagnosis and treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in children and adolescents to pediatric neurologists. EDS is an emerging problem for the health system due to changes in societal habits. The evaluation of EDS is often lacking in the current literature. EDS is commonly reported as a side effect of other sleep disorders or as a consequence of poor sleep habits. It can manifest with symptoms such as hyperactivity and inattention in children. The diagnosis should include subjective and objective measures to avoid misdiagnosis. Particularly, early and correct treatment is crucial for the psychosocial development of children and adolescents with narcolepsy and other forms of EDS.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lourdes M. DelRosso, Jodi Mindell, Oliviero Bruni, Maria P. Mogavero, Raffaele Ferri
Summary: Sleep disturbances are common in infants, and sleep-related movement disorders can contribute to sleep disruption. This study found that preterm infants had higher periodic limb movement index and lower ferritin levels compared to infants with Down syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, or without diagnosis. Hemoglobin and ferritin were negatively correlated with periodic limb movement index, and iron deficiency is associated with increased leg movements during sleep in infants.
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Maria Grazia Melegari, Raffaele Ferri, Martina Giallonardo, Renato Donfrancesco, Oliviero Bruni
Summary: This study aimed to explore how changes in sleep patterns and sleep problems during the Covid-19 lockdown period affected the mood-behavioral functioning of children with ADHD. The results showed that sleep problems had a negative impact on the internalizing and externalizing behaviors of children with ADHD, but the effects varied depending on the specific sleep problems.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Suzy Honisett, Hayley Loftus, HueiMing Liu, Alicia Montgomery, Denise De Souza, Teresa Hall, John Eastwood, Harriet Hiscock, Sharon Goldfeld
Summary: This study examines the support for a primary health care system to address family adversity in Australia through policy analysis and interviews. The results indicate that while there is a considerable number of policies related to family adversity, there is still a need for improvement in implementation and funding.
HEALTH PROMOTION JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Sarah Loveday, Manisha Balgovind, Tess Hall, Sharon Goldfeld, Lena Sanci, Harriet Hiscock
Summary: This qualitative study explored the experiences and challenges of caregivers in accessing help across health and social care sectors. The study found that accessing help was emotionally taxing and effortful for caregivers. Trusting relationships and knowing how to access help were crucial. Additionally, service access barriers, such as long waiting times and out-of-pocket expenses, were identified. The study concludes that addressing these barriers requires flexible services and ongoing partnership with families.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Katherine Ya-Hui Chen, Nilar Aye Tun, Renee Jones, Shivanthan Shanthikumar, John B. Carlin, Harriet Hiscock
Summary: This study aimed to describe the dispensing of asthma preventers at hospital discharge and estimate its effect on hospital readmissions. The results showed a low rate of prescribing and dispensing of hospital discharge asthma preventers, and no protective effect was found for its impact on readmissions. However, community asthma preventer dispensing was found to have a protective effect on readmissions.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alice Innocenti, Giuliana Lentini, Serena Rapacchietta, Paola Cinnirella, Maurizio Elia, Raffaele Ferri, Oliviero Bruni
Summary: The sleep-wake cycle is regulated by a variety of neurotransmitters, which are in turn influenced by different nutrients. Good sleep quality is crucial for children's development, but an increasing number of children suffer from sleep disorders. Behavioral interventions and supplements, such as iron and antihistamines, are recommended as the first line treatment. This systematic review aims to evaluate the role of key nutrients involved in sleep-regulating pathways and their application in managing pediatric sleep disorders, providing a practical guide for clinicians.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Emma Sciberras, Harriet Hiscock, Samuele Cortese, Stephen P. P. Becker, Julian W. W. Fernando, Melissa Mulraney
Summary: Sleep difficulties in children with ADHD are varied, with five types of sleep profiles identified. These profiles are associated with different clinical factors, suggesting the need for tailored interventions that consider the specific sleep difficulties experienced by children with ADHD and other clinical characteristics.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Education, Special
Samantha Lewis, Nicole Papadopoulos, Ana Mantilla, Harriet Hiscock, Moira Whelan, Jane McGillivray, Nicole Rinehart
Summary: This systematic review examines the impact of sleep disturbance on autistic symptoms and behaviors, focusing on children with autism during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings suggest that sleep problems have worsened during this period and are associated with increased expression of autistic characteristics. Therefore, ongoing, accessible, and flexible service provision, particularly through behavioral sleep interventions, is essential.
RESEARCH IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Katerina Bernardi, Federica Prono, Ginevra Bruni, Simonetta Panerai, Raffaele Ferri, Oliviero Bruni
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of sleep disturbances in individuals with autism and its impact on the family. The results showed that insomnia was the most common sleep disorder in these individuals, and restless sleep was also prevalent. Parents reported that melatonin was an effective treatment, but insomnia negatively affected their children's behavior and family life.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Oliviero Bruni, Maria Breda, Emanuela Malorgio, Paolo Brambilla, Flavia Ceschin, Andrea Di Pilla, Maurizio Elia, Raffaele Ferri
Summary: This study aimed to describe the use of melatonin by Italian pediatricians in healthy children with chronic insomnia. The results showed that a high percentage of pediatricians prescribed melatonin, especially in children aged 1-2 years. The most common dosage was 1 mg/day and it was usually recommended to be taken 30 minutes before bedtime. Melatonin was often combined with sleep hygiene and was found to be effective in reducing difficulties falling asleep.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Melanie Strauss, Lucie Griffon, Maxime Elbaz, Isabelle Arnulf, Mounir Chennaoui, Damien Leger
Summary: This study examines decision-making impairments in individuals with central disorders of hypersomnolence (CDH), specifically narcolepsy type 1 (NT1). The results suggest that both NT1 and other CDH patients have decreased learning abilities to avoid losses, which is associated with alterations in vigilance. The study provides new insights into the nature of decision-making impairments in CDH and suggests the potential for minimizing these alterations by restoring adequate vigilance.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kyriakos Dimitriadis, Christina Stathakopoulou, Nikolaos Pyrpyris, Eirini Beneki, Elena Adamopoulou, Stergios Soulaidopoulos, Ioannis Leontsinis, Alexandros Kasiakogias, Aggelos Papanikolaou, Panagiotis Tsioufis, Konstantinos Aznaouridis, Dimitris Tsiachris, Konstantina Aggeli, Konstantinos Tsioufis
Summary: This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the common pathophysiology between sleep disordered breathing (SDB) and mitral regurgitation (MR), and discusses the effects of SDB treatment on MR and the effects of mitral valve surgery or transcatheter repair on obstructive and central sleep apnea (OSA and CSA).
Article
Clinical Neurology
Szu-Yu Hou, Ching-Ju Chiu, Jeanne Laraine Shea, Chih-Liang Wang, Hsiao-Han Tang, Po-Ching Kuo, Yi-Chieh Yang, Chih-Hsing Wu
Summary: The study aimed to examine the effects of age, menopausal status, and symptoms on sleep patterns and circadian rhythms in midlife women. Premenopausal women had the most unstable day-to-day rhythms, and women with more severe symptoms experienced greater sleep problems. Psychological symptoms were the strongest predictors for all sleep parameters.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ya-Wen Hsiao, Wei-Lun Lin, Yu-Hui Chou, Shin-Huei Liu, Ting-Wei Ernie Liao, Shih-Ann Chen, Li-Wei Lo
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of RDN on heart inflammation associated with COSA. The results suggest that RDN treatment may prevent COSA-associated heart inflammation through the JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Amy C. Reynolds, Kelly A. Loffler, Nicole Grivell, Brandon W. J. Brown, Robert J. Adams
Summary: This study aimed to understand the experience of sleep disorder diagnosis and treatment in shift workers and propose patient-informed solutions to improve access to health services. The findings showed that there were varied experiences with diagnosis and management, often taking a long time to seek help from healthcare providers after noticing symptoms. The study also identified the need for education and awareness initiatives, convenient screening and referral pathways, and tailored models of care.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hsi -Chung Chen, Nai-Wei Hsu, Ching-Heng Lin
Summary: This study found a relationship between daytime sleepiness and mortality risk among older adults. The moderating effects of sex and physical function were examined. Specifically, the passive factor predicted mortality risk in women with good muscle power, while the active factor predicted mortality risk in men with good muscle power.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sean P. A. Drummond, Bei Bei
Summary: This study proposes a parsimonious two-stage model for defining stages of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) based on Sleep Restriction Therapy (SRT). Using data from a randomized clinical trial, the model helps identify patterns of treatment progression and their association with baseline insomnia severity. The model holds potential for further research on various CBT-I processes that are currently not fully understood.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Janet Jezkova, Karel Sonka, Jakub Kreisinger, Petra Prochazkova, Helena Tlaskalova-Hogenova, Sona Nevsimalova, Jitka Buskova, Radana Merkova, Tereza Dvorakova, Iva Prihodova, Simona Dostalova, Radka Roubalova
Summary: In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the influence of gut microbiota on sleep physiology. The gut microbiota affects the central nervous system and circadian rhythms, and can be associated with sleep disorders. This study observed the gut microbiota composition of patients with different types of narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia, and found changes in beta diversity in these patient groups compared to healthy controls. However, after adjusting for confounding factors, the differences were no longer statistically significant. The study suggests that using metabolomics and proteomics approaches to study the role of microbiota in sleep disorders may be beneficial.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mauro Manconi, Linda C. van der Gaag, Francesca Mangili, Corrado Garbazza, Silvia Riccardi, Christian Cajochen, Susanna Mondini, Francesca Furia, Elena Zambrelli, Simone Baiardi, Alessandra Giordano, Nicola Rizzo, Cristina Fonti, Elsa Viora, Armando D'Agostino, Alessandro Cicolin, Fabio Cirignotta, Daniele Aquilino, Alessandra Barassi, Renata del Giudice, Giulia Fior, Orsola Gambini, Barbara Giordano, Alma Martini, Chiara Serrati, Rossana Stefanelli, Silvio Scarone, Mariapaola Canevini, Valentina Fanti, Hans-Christian Stein, Anna Maria Marconi, Erica Raimondo, Emanuela Viglietta, Rossella Santoro, Giuliana Simonazzi, Alessandra Bianconcini, Francesco Meani, Nicoletta Piazza, Filippos Filippakos, Thomas Gyr
Summary: The Life-ON study provides the largest polysomnographic dataset coupled with longitudinal subjective assessments of sleep quality in pregnant women to date. Sleep disorders are highly frequent and distributed differently during pregnancy and postpartum. Routine assessment of sleep disturbances in the perinatal period is necessary to improve early detection and clinical management.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zhihua Huang, Anqi Duan, Zhihui Zhao, Qing Zhao, Yi Zhang, Xin Li, Sicheng Zhang, Luyang Gao, Chenhong An, Qin Luo, Zhihong Liu
Summary: This study aims to investigate pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) phenotypes and their prognostic implications by clustering overnight cardiorespiratory signals in PAH patients. Three distinct clusters were identified, with patients in Cluster 3 exhibiting worse clinical outcomes. The presence of nocturnal hypoxemia and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in PAH patients was associated with increased risk of clinical worsening. Tailored management strategies addressing both PAH and nocturnal hypoxemia may improve clinical outcomes.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yudan Lv, Yujun Wen, Ramalingam Vetrivelan, Jun Lu
Summary: This study demonstrated that the projections from the pontine parabrachial nucleus (PB) to the basal forebrain (BF) and medial septum (MS) can activate the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, providing important insights into the activities of these brain regions during the sleep-wake cycle.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Annika M. Myers, Megan E. Rech, Bengi Baran, Cara Palmer, Dimitrios Mylonas, Candice A. Alfano
Summary: This study found that N2 sleep spindles are associated with emotional functioning in school-aged children. Higher spindle density is related to decreased state-based emotional arousal towards negative affective images, and higher spindle peak frequency is associated with greater use of the positive emotion regulatory strategy of savoring.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hung Youl Seok, Yong Won Cho
Summary: This study investigated the long-term impact of dopamine agonist treatment on altered central sensory processing in restless legs syndrome (RLS) patients. The results showed that dopamine agonist treatment effectively reduced RLS symptoms but did not reverse the altered central sensory processing observed on testing. These findings suggest that RLS pathophysiology is multifactorial and not solely driven by dopaminergic dysfunction.
