Article
Respiratory System
Xavier Waltz, Andrew E. Beaudin, Elise Belaidi, Jill Raneri, Jean-Louis Pepin, Vincent Pialoux, Patrick J. Hanly, Samuel Verges, Marc J. Poulin
Summary: Studies on rats and human patients have shown that intermittent hypoxia and obstructive sleep apnoea do not directly cause alterations in hemorheology. Despite the presence of oxidative stress or increased sensitivity to reactive oxygen species, no significant changes in hemorheological properties were observed.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Susan Redline, Ali Azarbarzin, Yuksel Peker
Summary: In this Review, the authors summarize the shared risk factors and causal links between obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), as well as the emerging knowledge on the heterogeneity of OSA. They also explore the potential role of new biomarkers for cardiovascular risk stratification in patients with OSA.
NATURE REVIEWS CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nissim Arish, Gabriel Izbicki, Ariel Rokach, Amir Jarjou'i, George Kalak, Shmuel Goldberg
Summary: Patients with both COVID-19 and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) have worse outcomes. This study found that high OSA risk was associated with severe COVID-19 and longer hospitalization. The Berlin and ESS questionnaires should be completed for every COVID-19-infected patient, especially those with comorbidities.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Carmina Pau, Arduino Aleksander Mangoni, Elisabetta Zinellu, Gianfranco Pintus, Ciriaco Carru, Alessandro Giuseppe Fois, Pietro Pirina, Angelo Zinellu
Summary: The study found that whole blood SOD concentrations were significantly lower in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea, while serum/plasma SOD concentrations did not show a significant difference. This suggests an impaired antioxidant defence in OSA patients.
Review
Respiratory System
Margaret Gleeson, Walter T. McNicholas
Summary: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is often associated with various comorbidities, including metabolic, cardiovascular, renal, pulmonary, and neuropsychiatric conditions. There is evidence to suggest a bidirectional relationship between OSA and comorbidity, with some comorbidities possibly predisposing to the development of OSA. The impact of therapy in bidirectional relationships is also reviewed, emphasizing the importance of accurate diagnosis.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
Jean-Benoit Martinot, Nhat-Nam Le-Dong, Atul Malhotra, Jean-Louis Pepin
Summary: Respiratory effort is a main feature of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), and is associated with sympathetic overactivity. This study found that the percentage of total sleep time spent with increased respiratory effort (REMOV,%TST), measured by mandibular jaw movements, can predict the prevalence of hypertension in adults with OSA.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Xiao-Bin Zhang, Hui-Juan Cheng, Ya-Ting Yuan, Yan Chen, Yi-Yuan Chen, Kam Yu Chiu, Hui-Qing Zeng
Summary: This study assessed the effects of atorvastatin on chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced myocardial oxidative stress and apoptosis in a mouse model of obstructive sleep apnea. Atorvastatin reversed the reduction in antioxidant activity caused by CIH, but had no effect on myocardial apoptosis.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
John E. Sanderson, Fang Fang, Mi Lu, Chen Yao Ma, Yong Xiang Wei
Summary: OSA is recognized as a significant risk factor for HFpEF due to similar pathological effects and shared pathophysiological consequences, including activation of the sympathetic nervous system, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, systemic inflammatory state, and ultimately leading to myocardial fibrosis and structural changes that cause myocardial stiffening. Further trials of preventive treatment for OSA as a risk factor for HFpEF should be considered.
Article
Respiratory System
Macy Mei-Sze Lui, Hung-Fat Tse, David Chi-Leung Lam, Kui-Kai Lau, Carmen Wing-Sze Chan, Mary Sau-Man Ip
Summary: In subjects with OSA and difficult-to-control hypertension, short-term CPAP treatment improved ambulatory blood pressure, alleviated subclinical myocardial injury and strain. This study suggests potential benefits of CPAP therapy in reducing cardiovascular risk in this high-risk population.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andras Bikov, Martina Meszaros, Esther Irene Schwarz
Summary: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a common disease characterized by upper airway collapse during sleep, leading to chronic intermittent hypoxaemia and systemic inflammation. OSA is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, affecting coagulation and fibrinolysis processes. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms and clinical implications of OSA-related changes in these processes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sandeep Raut, Gaurav Gupta, Rajiv Narang, Animesh Ray, R. M. Pandey, Atul Malhotra, Sanjeev Sinha
Summary: The study found a significant association between OSA severity and ventricular function as well as cardiac injury assessed by hs-cTnI. There was a marginal positive correlation between AHI events and mitral E/e' ratio. The circulating levels of hs-cTnI were significantly associated with different severity grades of OSA.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhiyong Du, Haili Sun, Yunhui Du, Linyi Li, Qianwen Lv, Huahui Yu, Fan Li, Yu Wang, Xiaolu Jiao, Chaowei Hu, Yanwen Qin
Summary: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can worsen blood pressure and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in hypertensive individuals, yet the underlying pathophysiological process is still not completely understood. This study utilized metabolome and lipidome-wide analyses to identify metabolic abnormalities associated with OSA and developed a model for diagnosing OSA in hypertensive individuals.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Andras Bikov, Martina Meszaros, Laszlo Kunos, Alina Gabriela Negru, Stefan Marian Frent, Stefan Mihaicuta
Summary: Patients with OSA had higher AIP and triglyceride, and lower HDL-C levels. AIP was significantly correlated with the Epworth Sleepiness Scale score, the apnoea-hypopnoea index, and oxygen desaturation index, but not with markers of sleep quality.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Peter G. Middleton
Summary: This review provides a summary of the interactions between pregnancy and breathing during sleep, and highlights the changes in respiratory function that can increase the incidence and severity of sleep-disordered breathing. The increased risk of snoring and obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome during pregnancy is discussed, and the potential impact of increasing obesity rates on sleep-disordered breathing in pregnant women is considered.
BEST PRACTICE & RESEARCH CLINICAL OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
James Saleeb-Mousa, Demitris Nathanael, Andrew M. Coney, Manish Kalla, Keith L. Brain, Andrew P. Holmes
Summary: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with a higher risk of atrial fibrillation (AF), affecting its induction, maintenance, severity, and treatment. The current prevention method, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), has limited effectiveness due to poor compliance. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of arrhythmia in OSA can lead to the development of better therapies and treatment selection to complement CPAP. Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) in OSA leads to long-term changes in ion channel currents, inflammation, and fibrosis, contributing to atrial remodeling and dysregulation of electrical function. Atrial stretch during apneas further promotes structural remodeling and affects calcium handling. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanistic insights and their roles in arrhythmia.