Article
Clinical Neurology
Maximilian Hammer, Chrysovalandis Schwale, Jurij Brankack, Andreas Draguhn, Adriano B. L. Tort
Summary: This study reveals an unexpected relationship between theta-gamma coupling and respiration in mice, showing that the strength of coupling is inversely related to breathing rate. Interestingly, breathing is found to differently influence theta-gamma coupling during phasic and tonic REM states, suggesting a more complex link between respiration and cortical network activity patterns.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Maximilian Hammer, Chrysovalandis Schwale, Jurij Brankack, Andreas Draguhn, Adriano B. L. Tort
Summary: The study reveals an unexpected but robust relation between theta-gamma coupling and respiration in mice, with the strength of coupling exhibiting an inverted V-shaped dependence on breathing rate. The findings also show that breathing differentially relates to theta-gamma coupling in different sleep states, indicating a more complex link between respiration and brain activity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Virginie Sterpenich, Mojca K. M. van Schie, Maximilien Catsiyannis, Avinash Ramyead, Stephen Perrig, Hee-Deok Yang, Dimitri Van De Ville, Sophie Schwartz
Summary: Sleep promotes memory consolidation, with neural representations of rewarded experiences undergoing privileged reactivation during sleep, favoring their consolidation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jeong Hun Yang, Sang Ho Choi, Mi Hyun Lee, Seong Min Oh, Jae-Won Choi, Jee Eun Park, Kwang Suk Park, Yu Jin Lee
Summary: The study revealed decreased cardiac autonomic function in patients with iRBD, showing parasympathetic predominance. Heart rate variability of iRBD patients was associated with quantified tonic RSWA.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL SLEEP MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gabrielle Girardeau, Vitor Lopes-dos-Santos
Summary: Sleep is crucial for healthy cognition and memory. Different sleep stages, REM and non-REM sleep, are associated with characteristic electrophysiological patterns, reflecting the activity of underlying neural circuits that play important roles in memory consolidation and maintaining homeostasis.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Emese Palfi, Gyorgy Levay, Andras Czurko, Balazs Lendvai, Tamas Kiss
Summary: NR2C/D-containing NMDARs are important in excitatory neurotransmission and play a role in motor coordination and EEG activity. Blocking these receptor subtypes in mice resulted in changes in sleep patterns, EEG power, and motor behavior, potentially contributing to the understanding of psychiatric disorders.
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Adriano B. L. Tort, Maximilian Hammer, Jiaojiao Zhang, Jurij Brankack, Andreas Draguhn
Summary: The study found a strong correlation between instantaneous breathing frequency and the frequency and amplitude of theta and gamma oscillations in the brain. Changes in theta activity were found to precede and cause changes in breathing frequency, indicating control by the brain's functional state. On the other hand, changes in breathing frequency were found to cause changes in gamma frequency, suggesting influence by a peripheral reafference signal.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Michelle Herberts, Bhanuprakash Kolla, Travis Paul, Praveen Mekala, Meghna P. Mansukhani
Summary: Sleep apnea is associated with autonomic dysfunction, rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, and dementia. Autonomic dysfunction caused by sleep apnea may contribute to the development of dementia. Treatment of sleep apnea may have an impact on autonomic dysfunction and cognitive outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Maximilian Hammer, Felix Jung, Jurij Brankack, Yevgenij Yanovsky, Adriano B. L. Tort, Andreas Draguhn
Summary: This study found correlations between different characteristics of REM sleep, where breathing rate was positively correlated with movement and the length of REM sleep periods. Specifically, short REM sleep episodes had slower breathing, while longer episodes had faster breathing and higher gamma activity. Therefore, REM sleep can be further divided based on its duration.
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biology
Mengru Liang, Tingliang Jian, Jie Tao, Xia Wang, Rui Wang, Wenjun Jin, Qianwei Chen, Jiwei Yao, Zhikai Zhao, Xinyu Yang, Jingyu Xiao, Zhiqi Yang, Xiang Liao, Xiaowei Chen, Liecheng Wang, Han Qin
Summary: The hypothalamic supramammillary nucleus (SuM) plays a crucial role in controlling wakefulness, and the projection of SuM neurons to the medial septum (MS) is involved in regulating wakefulness.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sooyeoun You, Kyoung Sook Won, Keun Tae Kim, Hyang Woon Lee, Yong Won Cho
Summary: I-123-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) cardiac scintigraphy was used to assess cardiac autonomic dysfunction in patients with isolated rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder, and the study found a correlation between reduced MIBG uptake and higher occurrence of REM sleep without atonia in these patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Mayumi Machida, Brook L. W. Sweeten, Austin M. Adkins, Laurie L. Wellman, Larry D. Sanford
Summary: Optogenetic studies demonstrate that activation or inhibition of BLA has differential effects on REM sleep and hippocampal regulation. Activation of BLAGlu reduces REM-h without altering sleep amounts, while inhibition increases REM-h.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lezio S. Bueno-Junior, Maxwell S. Ruckstuhl, Miranda M. Lim, Brendon O. Watson
Summary: Rapid eye movement sleep (REM) has a binary temporal structure, but recent research suggests that it may actually exist on a continuum rather than as distinct phases. In mice, the frequency of theta activity fluctuates in a nonbinary fashion, correlating with different types of facial motricity. This infraslow frequency activity affects the neocortex and has functional impacts on the network. Similar findings were observed in humans, with continuous respiratory rate cycles matching the occurrence of eye movements. These discoveries deepen our understanding of sleep health and the underlying mechanisms of REM.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Review
Biology
Nisrin El Mlili, Hanan Ahabrach, Omar Cauli
Summary: Cortisol, the end product of the HPA axis, is mainly increased in stressful situations or chronic disorders. Hair cortisol has emerged as a promising biomarker for long-term retrospective HPA activation, closely related to neuropsychiatric disorders, with experimental approaches and findings from scientific literature contributing to existing data on cortisol concentrations in patients with sleep disorders.
Article
Physiology
Zhiwei Fan, Yoko Suzuki, Like Jiang, Satomi Okabe, Shintaro Honda, Junki Endo, Takahiro Watanabe, Takashi Abe
Summary: Pulse rate variability (PRV), derived from Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) or photoplethysmography, has become widely used for sleep state assessment. However, peripheral blood flow (BF), also estimated by LDF, has not been extensively studied for sleep state assessment. This study aimed to investigate the potential of peripheral BF to provide information about sleep stages and improve sleep state assessment. The results showed that peripheral BF can provide complementary information to PRV for different sleep stages, and the combination of peripheral BF and PRV may be advantageous in assessing sleep states and related autonomic nervous activity.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Sara Alvente, Gabriele Matteoli, Laura Molina-Porcel, Jon Landa, Mercedes Alba, Stefano Bastianini, Chiara Berteotti, Francesc Graus, Viviana Lo Martire, Lidia Sabater, Giovanna Zoccoli, Alessandro Silvani
Summary: This pilot study suggests that chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of mice with human anti-IgLON5 disease IgG may induce neuropathological, respiratory, and motor alterations. However, these findings need to be replicated in larger studies taking into account potential sex differences in mice.
Article
Cell Biology
Aaro Salminen, Stefan Clemens, Diego Garcia-Borreguero, Imad Ghorayeb, Yuqing Li, Mauro Manconi, William Ondo, David Rye, Jerome M. Siegel, Alessandro Silvani, John W. Winkelman, Richard P. Allen, Sergi Ferre
Summary: Our understanding of restless legs syndrome (RLS) is still incomplete, mainly due to the lack of objective diagnostic biomarkers. In this article, a group of preclinical and clinical scientists establishes new guidelines for constructing valid rodent models of RLS, considering the risk factors, triggering factors, and pathophysiological mechanisms that influence RLS expressivity. This research aims to provide translational implications for better diagnosing and treating RLS.
DISEASE MODELS & MECHANISMS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alessandro Silvani, Luca Baldelli, Giulia Giannini, Pietro Guaraldi, Luisa Sambati, Annagrazia Cecere, Francesco Mignani, Pietro Cortelli, Giovanna Calandra-Buonaura, Federica Provini
Summary: Patients with multiple system atrophy exhibit pervasive muscle activity during sleep, involving axial and limb muscles, and occurring not only during REM sleep but also during non-REM sleep.
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Maria P. Mogavero, Alessandro Silvani, Giuseppe Lanza, Lourdes M. DelRosso, Luigi Ferini-Strambi, Raffaele Ferri
Summary: After describing orexins and their roles in sleep and medical disorders, the article discusses the clinical evidence on the effects of DORAs and SORAs on insomnia to provide recommendations for further assessment in personalized and precision medicine. Trials with orexin receptor antagonists have shown potential as a valid therapeutic option for insomnia in various medical conditions, but more studies are needed to determine the most suitable options for different patient populations.
NATURE AND SCIENCE OF SLEEP
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Chiara Berteotti, Carmen Calvello, Claudio Liguori
Summary: Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder that affects patients of all ages and is associated with reduced quality of life and comorbidities. Sleep impairment is frequently observed in epilepsy patients, and the relationship between sleep and epilepsy is bidirectional. The orexin system, which plays a role in controlling the sleep-wake cycle, may be affected in epilepsy patients. Clinical studies have shown inconsistent results due to different methodologies in quantifying orexin levels. Dual orexin receptor antagonists (DORAs) have been suggested as a potential treatment for sleep impairment and insomnia in epilepsy patients.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Manuela Loi, Stefano Bastianini, Giulia Candini, Nicola Rizzardi, Giorgio Medici, Valentina Papa, Laura Gennaccaro, Nicola Mottolese, Marianna Tassinari, Beatrice Uguagliati, Chiara Berteotti, Viviana Lo Martire, Giovanna Zoccoli, Giovanna Cenacchi, Stefania Trazzi, Christian Bergamini, Elisabetta Ciani
Summary: CDKL5 deficiency disorder (CDD) is a severe neurodevelopmental disease caused by mutations in the CDKL5 gene. Mouse models of CDD have helped understand the role of CDKL5 in brain development and function. This study reveals cardiac alterations in Cdkl5 +/- mice, including prolonged QT interval, increased heart rate, fibrosis, altered gap junction organization, mitochondrial dysfunction, and increased ROS production. These findings provide new insights into the function of CDKL5 in heart structure/function.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Vittoria Schirinzi, Carolina Poli, Chiara Berteotti, Alessandro Leone
Summary: The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity indicates that current strategies are insufficient to tackle this epidemic. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is receiving attention as a potential weapon against obesity. Research is focused on developing strategies to increase BAT activity and energy expenditure. This review summarizes knowledge on molecules that promote white-to-brown adipose tissue conversion and assesses the potential role of thermogenic nutraceuticals in combating obesity.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alessandro Silvani, Isabelle Lambert, Anna Heidbreder, Yves Dauvilliers, Lucie Barateau
Summary: This article provides a comprehensive overview of autonomic dysfunctions in central disorders of hypersomnolence, including narcolepsy type 1 and type 2, idiopathic hypersomnia, and Kleine-Levin syndrome. Recent studies have assessed autonomic symptoms in large cohorts of patients and found that autonomic impairment is frequent in these disorders. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this dysfunction are not fully understood and further research is needed to understand the effects of wake-promoting agents on the autonomic nervous system.
CURRENT SLEEP MEDICINE REPORTS
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
A. Silvani
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
V. Lo Martire, S. Alvente, S. Bastianini, C. Berteotti, G. Matteoli, H. Ohtsu, J. -S. Lin, A. Silvani, G. Zoccoli
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
S. Alvente, G. Matteoli, L. Molina-Porcel, J. Landa, M. Alba, S. Bastianini, C. Berteotti, F. Graus, V. Lo Martire, L. Sabater, G. Zoccoli, A. Silvani
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
L. Baldelli, A. Silvani, G. Giannini, P. Guaraldi, L. Sambati, A. Cecere, F. Mignani, P. Cortelli, G. Calandra Buonaura, F. Provini
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
C. Berteotti, S. Alvente, M. L. Bartolucci, S. Bastianini, V. Lo Martire, G. Matteoli, E. Miglioranza, R. Rimondini Giorgini, A. Silvani, G. Zoccoli
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2022)