Article
Engineering, Chemical
Artur Wojcik, Jaroslaw Fraczek
Summary: The article discusses the challenges in measuring the static friction force of granular materials from plants, highlighting the lack of clearly defined procedures that make it difficult to compare results across different researchers. The authors conducted tests using a linear tribometer and observed the influence of sample slip velocity on the maximum measured friction force, as well as the effect of inertia force on friction force oscillations during the initial phase of sample slip. They propose that the difference between the maximum and minimum forces recorded in the first friction ripple cycle can serve as a basic parameter for evaluating the impact of inertia on measurement results. To eliminate the inertia force, the authors suggest conducting tests under quasi-static conditions at a slip velocity of 0.5 mm/min.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Bo Zhang
Summary: This paper proves the friction law by proposing the asynchronous rupture of adhesive junction, which states that static friction is higher than dynamic friction. It also shows that the dynamic friction coefficient is about 0.5-0.67 of the static friction coefficient.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kaixing Wang, Purui Shi, Yishan Pan, V. N. Oparin, Linming Dou
Summary: This paper studies the slip instability laws of block rock masses and finds that the friction force between rock blocks varies with block vibration, leading to a sharp drop in friction and slip instability. The critical thrust and occurrence time of block rock masses slip instability are proposed, and the factors affecting slip instability are analyzed. This study is of significance to the understanding of rock burst mechanism induced by slip instability of rock masses.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Lasse Jakobsen, Sondre Bergtun Auganaes, Audun Formo Buene, Ion Marius Sivebaek, Alex Klein-Paste
Summary: This study conducted friction experiments on three types of elastomer block materials on ice and found that different materials exhibit different dynamic and static friction under various temperatures. The findings are significant for understanding the friction behavior of elastomers on ice and the application of footwear on icy surfaces.
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Justin D. Glover, Xingwei Yang, Rong Long, Jonathan T. Pham
Summary: Glover et al. investigate the lateral motion of microparticles on a soft, adhesive surface and find that a moving microparticle can induce a cease at the leading front of the surface due to compressive stress buildup. They also discover that the surface forms a self-contacting crease at the leading front, and simulations show that interfacial strength plays a dominant role in the formation of the crease. The crease then propagates through the contact zone in a Schallamach wave-like fashion, facilitated by free slip at the adhesive, self-contacting interface.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Jan Kottner, Ulrike Blume-Peytavi
Summary: This study examined the reliability and agreement of various skin measurements at the heel and sacral skin areas. It found differences in reliability among the measurements, with transepidermal water loss showing the lowest reliability. Single measurements of skin temperature, stratum corneum, and epidermal hydration can be used in clinical research and practice, while at least two measurements are recommended for estimating transepidermal water loss and erythema. Further evidence is needed to inform researchers about measurement errors in skin and wound research.
INTERNATIONAL WOUND JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Brendan Evano, Liza Sarde, Shahragim Tajbakhsh
Summary: A major challenge in the study of living systems is understanding the establishment, maintenance, reconstitution, and deterioration of tissues and organs. Static imaging approaches have limitations in studying dynamic integration of extracellular and intracellular signals, but intravital imaging has revealed surprising properties in mammalian models, providing valuable complementary methods and discoveries.
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Helena Teixido, Guillaume Broggi, Baris Caglar, Veronique Michaud
Summary: We propose a methodology to monitor the saturation of a non-translucent unidirectional carbon fabric stack and extract the dynamic saturation curves using X-ray radiography and image analysis. Constant flow rate injections were performed at increasing flow speeds and simulated using a numerical two-phase flow model. The hydraulic functions describing pressure and relative permeability versus saturation were determined by fitting the saturation curves using an optimization routine. The resulting capillary pressure curves and the calculated capillary pressure correlate well with the change in the averaged dynamic contact angle.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Paolo Bellitti, Michela Borghetti, Nicola Francesco Lopomo, Emilio Sardini, Mauro Serpelloni
Summary: More than 500,000 injuries involving the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) are diagnosed in Europe every year. To assess ACL injuries quantitatively, a smart knee brace equipped with strain sensors and inertial measurement units (IMUs) was developed. Preliminary findings suggest that the smart brace can effectively discriminate possible ACL lesions.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dibyajyoti Mohanta
Summary: In this study, we investigated the melting process of dsDNA under varying confinement and found structural transitions and the emergence of local denatured zones. By using enumeration and Fokker-Planck formalism, we determined the survival time of single bubbles and the effect of DNA sequences on the melting process.
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Zhangyu Wu, Jinhua Zhang, Qin Fang, Hongfa Yu, Ma Haiyan
Summary: This paper introduces a mesoscale modelling approach considering the heterogeneity of concrete to investigate its mechanical behaviors under static and dynamic loadings. Through example applications, it is shown that the 3D random mesoscale modelling approach is effective in studying the mechanical responses of concrete.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicholas J. Bennion, Stefano Zappala, Matthew Potts, Max Woolley, David Marshall, Sam L. Evans
Summary: This study provides an accurate representation of brain tissues through finite-element modeling and mechanical testing. The results show that brain deformation is primarily influenced by fluid redistribution, and in vivo human data and gravitational loading can be used to estimate the material properties of intracranial tissues. The model can now be applied to reduce positional brain shift in stereotactic neurosurgery.
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Izabela Kowalczyk, Damian Kozanecki, Sylwia Krason, Martyna Rabenda
Summary: This study analyzed the impact of different parameters on the mechanical properties of VIG panels and found that the material and geometrical characteristics of the pillars are crucial for both static and dynamic responses. Further research opportunities were proposed.
Article
Mining & Mineral Processing
Shuai Xu, Pengyuan Hou, Runran Li, Fidelis T. Suorineni
Summary: An alternative method called the upper end surface method (UESM) is proposed to measure the expansion pressure of static cracking agent (SCA) which overcomes the limitations of the outer pipe method (OPM), with experimental results confirming its accuracy and applicability. The differences in measurements between OPM and UESM at different moisture contents are less than 4%, indicating the potential of UESM as a more user-friendly and cost-effective measuring technique for SCA.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MINING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Runqing Liu, Wei Wang, Dingwen Qi, Yuanquan Yang
Summary: The incorporation of metakaolin improves the workability and mechanical properties of magnesium phosphate cement (MPC) and extends its setting time. It enhances the static and dynamic mechanical properties of MPC at high temperatures and improves its impact resistance. The main hydration products of MPC with metakaolin are struvite, unreacted MgO, aluminum phosphate, and possibly amorphous substance containing aluminum.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Yinglei Wu, Tao Sun, Zhongyi He, Xiangqiong Zeng, Tianhui Ren, Erik de Vries, Emile van der Heide
Summary: The research studied the single and double-side modification of graphene oxide with octadecylamine and its incorporation into O/W base emulsion. It was found that MGO1 had better tribological properties than MGO2. Chemical composition analysis of worn surfaces suggested that MGO1 nanosheets adsorbed more easily and were more actively involved in shearing processes.
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
D. A. Sergachev, D. T. A. Matthews, E. van der Heide
Summary: The research investigates the normalization of finger pad friction data to correlate between individuals, allowing for the discussion of data with respect to other variables. The study demonstrates the elimination of unknown parameters by using a reference smooth sample to normalize the dataset.
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Dmitrii Sergachev, David Matthews, Emile Van der Heide
Summary: This study investigates the creation of bidirectional friction using microscale ellipsoidal asperity textures, relying on the adhesive component of friction. Measurements showed higher friction coefficients perpendicular to the asperity major radii, with larger asperity dimensions leading to increased friction. Numerical analysis indicated that this effect is mostly related to elastic asperity deflection, and bidirectional friction differences can be controlled by asperity dimensions, spacing, and material properties.
Article
Food Science & Technology
D. Bikos, G. Samaras, P. Cann, M. Masen, Y. Hardalupas, M. N. Charalambides, C. Hartmann, J. German, J. Vieira
Summary: This study quantified the mechanical, thermal and tribological behavior of chocolate materials with different porosity levels and found that micro-aeration affects fracture stresses, melting speed, and friction coefficient of chocolate, resulting in a softer, less sticky chocolate that melts quickly inside the mouth. This research utilizes an innovative multidisciplinary approach to link chocolate structure, material properties, and sensory perception, providing a powerful design tool for controlling sensory attributes in specific chocolate compositions.
FOOD STRUCTURE-NETHERLANDS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Erik de Vries, Esther Sanchez, Dennis Janssen, David Matthews, Emile van der Heide
Summary: This research found that friction can be predicted by measuring the surface morphology of rough implants and calculating the corresponding contact area parameters. Experimental results validated the feasibility of this approach.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yinglei Wu, Emile van der Heide, Zhongyi He, Erik de Vries
Summary: EEHA and BTAA serve as additives to improve the wear resistance of oil-in-water emulsions. The basic amino-functional groups in EEHA reduce corrosive wear, while the benzotriazole ring in BTAA forms self-assembled layers for better friction reduction and anti-wear performance.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Neel Desai, Marc Masen, Philippa Cann, Ben Hanson, Catherine Tuleu, Mine Orlu
Summary: Orodispersible films (ODFs) have been widely used in paediatric, geriatric and dysphagic patients due to their ease of administration and precise and flexible dose adjustments. However, there is currently a lack of testing methods to accurately assess ODFs for important acceptability sensory perceptions. This study used 3D printing to produce four ODFs and evaluated them using various in vitro methods, finding that increasing polymer molecular weight affected disintegration time, taste and stickiness.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Kian Kun Yap, Kanao Fukuda, Jennifer Renee Vail, Janet Wong, Marc Arthur Masen
Summary: This paper discusses the benefits of Spatiotemporal Mapping (SMA) in the field of polymer tribology and its applications. SMA is found to be useful for qualitative and quantitative analysis of transfer phenomena at the contact interface during sliding. It also helps identify various abnormal tribological behaviors.
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
J. Jamari, Muhammad Imam Ammarullah, Gatot Santoso, S. Sugiharto, Toto Supriyono, Emile van der Heide
Summary: This study investigates the contact pressure of metallic materials used in metal-on-metal bearing for total hip implants using a finite element simulation model. The results show that the use of Ti6Al-4V-on-Ti6Al4V can significantly reduce the contact pressure.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
J. Jamari, Muhammad Imam Ammarullah, Gatot Santoso, S. Sugiharto, Toto Supriyono, Akbar Teguh Prakoso, Hasan Basri, Emile van der Heide
Summary: This study computationally evaluated the contact pressure between UHMWPE acetabular cup and metal femoral head, and found that Ti6Al4V-on-UHMWPE can reduce cumulative contact pressure.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL BIOMATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xue Zhou, Marc A. Masen, Yi Yuan Li, Kian Kun Yap, Manoj Murali, Zhong Min Jin
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of different fluid environments on finger perception and friction behavior. The results showed that there was no significant difference in roughness perception between air and deionized water, while the sensitivity of perception decreased with increasing lubricant viscosity. The thick film formed in thickened water changed the contact between the skin and the surface, thereby altering subjective judgment and friction.
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
D. Bikos, G. Samaras, M. N. Charalambides, P. Cann, M. Masen, C. Hartmann, J. Vieira, A. Sergis, Y. Hardalupas
Summary: This study accurately predicts the temporal and spatial evolution of temperature in chocolate samples using a multiscale finite element model. Experimental and numerical results show that the rate of heat transfer is reduced in micro-aerated chocolate, possibly due to micro-pores acting as thermal barriers.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
J. Jamari, Muhammad Imam Ammarullah, Amir Putra Md Saad, Ardiyansyah Syahrom, Mohammad Uddin, Emile van der Heide, Hasan Basri
Summary: The study showed that adding dimples can reduce contact pressure and wear in total hip arthroplasty, with ball type dimples having the best ability to reduce wear compared to other types, reducing wear by 24.3% to 31% compared to no dimples. This indicates that surface texturing with appropriate dimple bottom geometry can extend the lifetime of hip implants.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL BIOMATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Eko Saputra, Iwan Budiwan Anwar, J. Jamari, Emile van der Heide
Summary: The wear of hip prosthesis due to applied load and sliding distance during the patient's daily activity cannot be avoided. Several methods, such as differential-hardness concept, were used to reduce wear in metal-on-metal hip prostheses. Simulation results show that differential-hardness of the femoral head and cup can reduce the contact stress on the surface contact compared to similar hardness.
FRONTIERS IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING-SWITZERLAND
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
D. Bikos, G. Samaras, P. Cann, M. Masen, Y. Hardalupas, C. Hartmann, J. Vieira, M. N. Charalambides
Summary: This study investigates the effect of micro-aeration on the mechanical properties of chocolate products and finds that it significantly impacts properties such as Young's modulus, yield and fracture stresses, as well as fracture toughness. The study also indicates that micro-aeration enhances the brittle nature of chocolate, leading to higher fragmentation during chewing cycles.