Journal
SKIN PHARMACOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Volume 24, Issue 6, Pages 312-321Publisher
KARGER
DOI: 10.1159/000330235
Keywords
Partitioning; Spin label; Microenvironment; Drug stabilization; 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxyl
Categories
Funding
- Freie Universitat Berlin
- Federal Land of Berlin [10142343]
- European Fund for Regional Development (ERDF)
Ask authors/readers for more resources
The detection of the antioxidative capacity of the skin is of great practical relevance since free radicals are involved in many skin damaging processes, including aging and inflammation. The nitroxide TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxyl) in combination with electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy was found suitable for measuring the antioxidative capacity since its reaction with reducing agents is considerably fast. Yet, in order to achieve longer measurement times, e. g. in inflammatory skin diseases, the stabilizing effect of an invasome (ultraflexible vesicle/liposome) suspension with TEMPO was investigated ex vivo on porcine skin and in vivo on human skin. Invasomes increased the measurement time ex vivo 2-fold and the reduction was significantly slowed down in vivo, which is due to membrane-associated and therefore protected TEMPO. Furthermore, TEMPO accumulation in the membrane phase as well as the decreasing polarity of the ultimate surroundings of TEMPO during skin penetration explains the stabilizing effect. Thus, an invasome suspension with TEMPO exhibits stabilizing effects ex vivo and in vivo. Copyright (C) 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available