Journal
SIAM JOURNAL ON MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS
Volume 44, Issue 3, Pages 2120-2145Publisher
SIAM PUBLICATIONS
DOI: 10.1137/100810319
Keywords
effective viscosity; suspension rheology; Stokes equation
Categories
Funding
- DOE [DE-FG02-08ER25862]
- NSF [DMS-0708324, DMS-0708902, DMS-1009713, DMS-1009714]
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
- Division Of Mathematical Sciences [1009713] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-FG02-08ER25862] Funding Source: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
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We present a mathematical proof of Einstein's formula for the effective viscosity of a dilute suspension of rigid neutrally buoyant spheres when the spheres are centered on the vertices of a cubic lattice. We keep the size of the container finite in the dilute limit and consider boundary effects. Einstein's formula is recovered as a first-order asymptotic expansion of the effective viscosity in the volume fraction. To rigorously justify this expansion, we obtain an explicit upper and lower bound on the effective viscosity. A lower bound is found using energy methods reminiscent of the work of Keller et al. An upper bound follows by obtaining an explicit estimate for the tractions, the normal component of the stress on the fluid boundary, in terms of the velocity on the fluid boundary. This estimate, in turn, is established using a boundary integral formulation for the Stokes equation. Our proof admits a generalization to other particle shapes and the inclusion of point forces to model self-propelled particles.
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