Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adam J. Nelson, Allan D. Sniderman, Marc Ditmarsch, Mary R. Dicklin, Stephen J. Nicholls, Michael H. Davidson, John J. P. Kastelein
Summary: Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) facilitates the exchange of cholesteryl esters and triglycerides between HDL particles and TG-rich, apoB-containing particles. Initially, CETP inhibitors were developed to raise plasma HDL-C levels to lower the risk of ASCVD. However, recent evidence suggests that CETP inhibitors can reduce LDL-C and apoB concentrations, thereby reducing the risk of major coronary events.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Liuping Cui, Yingqi Xing, Lijuan Wang, Kangding Liu, Hongxiu Chen, Cong Li, Ying Chen
Summary: This study aimed to explore the association between intraplaque neovascularization and future ischemic events in asymptomatic patients with carotid stenosis. The results showed that grade 2 intraplaque neovascularization was an independent predictor of future vascular events in asymptomatic carotid stenosis patients. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound may be an effective screening method to identify high-risk subgroups of patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alison Halliday, Richard Bulbulia, Leo H. Bonati, Johanna Chester, Andrea Cradduck-Bamford, Richard Peto, Hongchao Pan
Summary: The international multicentre randomised trial ACST-2 compared the effects of CAS and CEA for asymptomatic patients with severe stenosis, showing that the long-term effects of these two procedures on fatal or disabling stroke are comparable.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hamzah Khan, Farah Shaikh, Muzammil H. Syed, Muhammad Mamdani, Gustavo Saposnik, Mohammad Qadura
Summary: Carotid artery stenosis (CAS), an atherosclerotic disease, is a leading cause of TIAs and CVAs. Currently, there is no clinically validated blood biomarker for diagnosing CAS or predicting adverse outcomes. This comprehensive literature review evaluates plasma and serum proteins as potential biomarkers for CAS and provides an up-to-date overview of the research in this field.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gregory S. Nacarelli, Tracy Fasolino, Stephanie Davis
Summary: Genetic predisposition and dietary factors play a role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Evaluating the levels of apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein A1 in plasma helps assess CVD risk. Different dietary and lifestyle interventions can impact CVD risk markers, such as these apolipoproteins. Additionally, genetic variations may affect the response to dietary interventions on these markers.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tamara Glavinovic, George Thanassoulis, Jacqueline de Graaf, Patrick Couture, Robert A. Hegele, Allan D. Sniderman
Summary: This review explains the physiological mechanisms behind apoB as a marker of cardiovascular risk, including the nature and numbers of apoB particles, the mechanisms governing particle numbers, the mechanisms governing cholesterol mass within the particles, and major apoB dyslipoproteinemias.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gunther Silbernagel, Hubert Scharnagl, Christoph H. Saely, Markus Reinthaler, Martin Rief, Marcus E. Kleber, Barbara Larcher, John Chapman, Juergen R. Schaefer, Heinz Drexel, Winfried Marz
Summary: Elevated LDLapoB/LDLC ratios were significantly associated with increased cardiovascular mortality in this study, suggesting it as a biomarker for small, dense LDLs and a tool for estimating atherogenic risk.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Raheem Gul, Saba Hafeez, Shamsul Haq, Aamir Shahzad, Muhammad Zubair
Summary: This research introduces a mathematical framework for detecting mild carotid stenosis (55%) using proximal flow measurements. It utilizes a parameter estimation procedure to estimate stenosis near bifurcation, with data collected using Doppler ultrasound. The work is valuable for detecting vessel abnormalities (stenosis) using flow measurements at proximal sites of carotid stenosis.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL PLUS
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Nathalie Timmerman, Farahnaz Waissi, Mirthe Dekker, Qiu Ying van de Pol, Joelle van Bennekom, Arjan Schoneveld, Marjet J. M. Klein Avink, Robbert J. de Winter, Gerard Pasterkamp, Gert J. de Borst, Dominique P. de Kleijn
Summary: Plasma levels of specific proteins in extracellular vesicles are associated with the risk of major cardiovascular events after carotid endarterectomy, indicating their potential as markers for residual cardiovascular risk and guiding secondary preventive therapies.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND ENDOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rafal Badacz, Tadeusz Przewlocki, Piotr Pieniazek, Agnieszka Roslawiecka, Pawel Kleczynski, Jacek Legutko, Krzysztof Zmudka, Anna Kablak-Ziembicka
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the expression levels of serum microRNAs (miRs) and their correlation with future major adverse cardiac and cerebral events (MACCE) in diabetic patients with symptomatic internal carotid artery disease (ICAS) who underwent stent-supported angioplasty (PTA) for ICAS. The results showed that different miRs expression levels were associated with MACCE in diabetic and non-diabetic patients with symptomatic ICAS.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Dorobantu, Vasile-Bogdan Halatiu, Oana Gheorghe-Fronea, Cornelia-Gabriela Bala, Horatiu Moldovan, Raluca Irinel-Parepa, Ioana-Patricia Rodean, Imre Benedek, Theodora Benedek
Summary: The study aimed to explore the association between Apo B and classical features of atherosclerosis. It found that higher levels of Apo B were correlated with proatherogenic lipids and carotid plaques, and there was a strong association between uric acid levels and Apo B. These findings suggest that high Apo B could be considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Karan Garg, Heepeel Chang, Jeffrey J. Siracuse, Glenn R. Jacobowitz, Jose Torres, Frank J. Veith, Virendra Patel, Thomas S. Maldonado, Mikel Sadek, Neal S. Cayne, Caron B. Rockman
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between severity of carotid artery stenosis and outcomes of intervention therapy in symptomatic patients. The results showed that compared to moderate stenosis, severe carotid artery stenosis was associated with lower rates of periprocedural stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA) in patients undergoing transcervical carotid artery revascularization (TCAR) and carotid endarterectomy (CEA), but not in patients undergoing transfemoral carotid artery stenting (TFCAS).
JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Leroy L. Cooper, Jian Rong, Niema M. Pahlevan, Derek G. Rinderknecht, Emelia J. Benjamin, Naomi M. Hamburg, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Martin G. Larson, Morteza Gharib, Gary F. Mitchell
Summary: Novel intrinsic frequencies may serve as valuable markers of heart failure risk in the community, with higher omega(1) and Delta omega being associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events and heart failure, while lower omega(2) is associated with reduced risk.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Dianne H. K. Van Dam-Nolen, Anouk C. van Dijk, Genevieve A. J. C. Crombag, Carlo Lucci, M. Eline Kooi, Jeroen Hendrikse, Paul J. Nederkoorn, Mat J. A. P. Daemen, Antonius F. W. van der Steen, Peter J. Koudstaal, Florian Kronenberg, Jeanine E. Roeters van Lennep, Monique T. Mulder, Aad van der Lugt
Summary: The study found that lipoprotein(a) levels are associated with carotid plaque composition and morphology, especially in patients with symptomatic carotid artery stenosis, with higher levels being linked to vulnerable plaque characteristics. Gender differences also play a role in this association.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ben Li, Raj Verma, Derek Beaton, Hani Tamim, Mohamad A. Hussain, Jamal J. Hoballah, Douglas S. Lee, Duminda N. Wijeysundera, Charles de Mestral, Muhammad Mamdani, Mohammed Al-Omran
Summary: Machine learning models accurately predicted 30-day outcomes following carotid endarterectomy (CEA) using preoperative data and performed better than existing tools. They have potential for important utility in guiding risk-mitigation strategies to improve outcomes for patients being considered for CEA.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Biology
Emmelie Cansby, Sima Kumari, Mara Caputo, Ying Xia, Rando Porosk, Jonathan Robinson, Hao Wang, Britt-Marie Olsson, Josefine Vallin, Julie Grantham, Ursel Soomets, L. Thomas Svensson, Carina Sihlbom, Hanns-Ulrich Marschall, Andreas Edsfeldt, Isabel Goncalves, Margit Mahlapuu
Summary: Silencing of STK25 reduces lipid accumulation, suppresses inflammation and fibrotic pathways, and lowers oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress, ultimately exerting protective effects against atherosclerosis.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Dania Al-Sharify, Signe Holm Nielsen, Frank Matthes, Christoffer Tengryd, Jiangming Sun, Federica Genovese, Morten A. Karsdal, Jan Nilsson, Isabel Goncalves, Andreas Edsfeldt
Summary: This study investigated the association of cleaved osteoglycin with plaque phenotype and found that higher levels of cleaved osteoglycin were associated with a stable plaque phenotype and lower risk for future cardiovascular events. This association may be due to reduced cell apoptosis and the ability to retain LDL. Targeting the cleavage of osteoglycin may be a potential therapeutic strategy to stabilize plaques.
Article
Surgery
Angelos Karelis, Nuno Dias, Anders Holmstrom, Tilo Kolbel, Bjorn Sonesson
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of cava balloon occlusion on the myocardium during endovascular repair of thoracic aortic pathologies. The results suggest that cava balloon occlusion is a feasible technique for cardiac output reduction, but further studies are needed to determine the significance of troponin leakage.
JOURNAL OF ENDOVASCULAR THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Goran Bergstrom, Annika Rosengren, Elin Bacsovics Brolin, John Brandberg, Kerstin Cederlund, Gunnar Engstrom, Jan E. Engvall, Maria J. Eriksson, Isabel Goncalves, Emil Hagstrom, Stefan K. James, Tomas Jernberg, Mikael Lilja, Martin Magnusson, Anders Persson, Margaretha Persson, Anette Sandstrom, Caroline Schmidt, Linn Skoglund Larsson, Johan Sundstrom, Eva Swahn, Stefan Soderberg, Kjell Toren, Carl Johan Ostgren, Erik Lampa, Lars Lind
Summary: This study aims to assess the risk of midlife coronary atherosclerosis being associated with body weight at age 20, body weight in midlife, and body weight change. The results showed that body weight at age 20 and weight in midlife were strongly associated with coronary atherosclerosis, while weight increase from age 20 until midlife was only modestly related to coronary atherosclerosis.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Menno P. J. de Winther, Magnus Back, Paul Evans, Delphine Gomez, Isabel Goncalves, Helle F. Jorgensen, Rory R. Koenen, Esther Lutgens, Giuseppe Danilo Norata, Elena Osto, Lea Dib, Michael Simons, Konstantinos Stellos, Seppo Yla-Herttuala, Holger Winkels, Marie-Luce Bochaton-Piallat, Claudia Monaco
Summary: The advent of single-cell biology has opened up new possibilities for understanding human biological processes and diagnosing, monitoring, and treating diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). By analyzing CVD samples at the single-cell level, new cell communities that play a role in disease development can be identified, leading to new therapeutic strategies. This review focuses on the single-cell analysis of atherosclerotic plaques, highlighting the current understanding of cellular subpopulations and their heterogeneity and plasticity in relation to clinically relevant features. The clinical impact of single-cell technologies in CVD patient care is emphasized, calling for multidisciplinary and international collaborative efforts.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Editorial Material
Surgery
Nuno V. Dias, Martin Andersson
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND ENDOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Oskar Ljungquist, Sven Haidl, Nuno Dias, Bjoern Sonesson, Karl Soerelius, Elin Traegardh, Jonas Ahl
Summary: This study aimed to present the outcomes of a treatment protocol for aortic vascular graft and endograft infections (VGEIs) without graft explantation. Individualized antibiotic treatment based on microbiological etiology was found to be beneficial and surgery may not be necessary. Conservative management of aortic VGEIs with targeted antibiotic therapy without graft excision is potentially effective.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND ENDOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Ahmed Eleshra, Stephan Haulon, Luca Bertoglio, Thomas Lindsay, Fiona Rohlffs, Nuno Dias, Nikolaos Tsilimparis, Giuseppe Panuccio, Tilo Koelbel, Candy Plug Collaborators
Summary: The objective of this study was to evaluate the early and midterm outcomes of the Candy Plug (CP) technique for distal false lumen (FL) occlusion in thoracic endovascular aortic repair for aortic dissection. The results showed that the CP technique had a high technical and clinical success rate, and it achieved good results in terms of false lumen occlusion and aortic remodeling.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND ENDOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sofia Sederholm Lawesson, Eva Swahn, Mats Pihlsgard, Therese Andersson, Oskar Angeras, Elin Bacsovics Brolin, Ellinor Bergdahl, Marie Blomberg, Christina Christersson, Isabel Goncalves, Omar Sigurvin Gunnarsson, Tomas Jernberg, Nina Johnston, Karin Leander, Caroline Lilliecreutz, Moa Pehrson, Annika Rosengren, Anette Sandstrom, Anna Sandstrom, Giovanna Sarno, Sara Sjalander, Teresia Svanvik, Erik Thunstrom, Anna Karin Wikstrom, Simon Timpka
Summary: According to a study in Sweden, there is a significant association between adverse pregnancy outcomes (such as preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, preterm delivery, etc.) and coronary artery disease. This association exists even among women with low cardiovascular disease risk. Further research is needed to understand the clinical importance of these associations.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jiangming Sun, Pratibha Singh, Annelie Shami, Ewelina Kluza, Mengyu Pan, Djordje Djordjevic, Natasha Barascuk Michaelsen, Cecilia Kennback, Nicole N. van der Wel, Marju Orho-Melander, Jan Nilsson, Ivan Formentini, Karin Conde-Knape, Esther Lutgens, Andreas Edsfeldt, Isabel Goncalves
Summary: This study identifies the specific locations of atherosclerotic plaque ruptures in human carotid arteries and the underlying mechanisms. The proximal and most stenotic regions are found to be vulnerable to plaque rupture. RNA sequencing reveals differentially expressed genes that distinguish these regions, with matrix metallopeptidase 9 being associated with atherosclerosis risk. These findings provide insights for the development of targeted therapies against plaque rupture.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jiangming Sun, Yan Borne, Andreas Edsfeldt, Yunpeng Wang, Mengyu Pan, Olle Melander, Gunnar Engstrom, Isabel Goncalves
Summary: This study examines the prognostic and causal roles of mood disorders in strokes. The findings suggest that genetic susceptibilities for mood disorders are associated with increased risk of strokes, and mood disorders have a causal effect on stroke. This can help identify high-risk women early in life and prevent mood disorders and strokes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Erika Fagman, Jennifer Alven, Johan Westerbergh, Pieter Kitslaar, Michael Kercsik, Kerstin Cederlund, Olov Duvernoy, Jan Engvall, Isabel Goncalves, Hanna Markstad, Ellen Ostenfeld, Goran Bergstrom, Ola Hjelmgren
Summary: This study aims to generate a large, high-quality annotated CCTA dataset from the Swedish CArdioPulmonary BioImage Study (SCAPIS), report the reproducibility of the annotation core lab, and investigate the plaque characteristics and their association with established risk factors. The results showed good reproducibility and a positive correlation between plaque features and cardiovascular risk. The generated dataset can be used as training data for deep learning models in the development of automatic analysis tools. Overall, this study is important for advancing the field of plaque analysis and risk prediction.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Moa Pehrson, Andreas Edsfeldt, Giovanna Sarno, Abigail Fraser, Janet W. Rich-Edwards, Isabel Goncalves, Mats Pihlsgard, Simon Timpka
Summary: This study examined the associations between pregnancy history and clinical restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in women. The results found no strong evidence of an association between preterm delivery, a history of small for gestational age infant, parity, age at first delivery, and clinical restenosis after PCI.
Article
Surgery
Andrea Melloni, Luca Bertoglio, Wouter Van den Eynde, Christopher J. Agrusa, Gianbattista Parlani, Dominic P. J. Howard, Javier Rio, Stefano Fazzini, Wassim Mansour, Nuno V. Dias, Sonia Ronchey, Daniela Branzan
Summary: This study investigated the outcomes of percutaneous access via the first and third axillary artery segments during aortic procedures. The results showed that both methods were successful, but using a larger sheath in the first axillary artery segment had better outcomes.
JOURNAL OF ENDOVASCULAR THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Marton Berczeli, Bjoern Sonesson, Angelos Karelis, Gustavo S. Oderich, Nuno V. Dias
Summary: This study demonstrates the technique of antegrade in situ laser fenestration on a predesigned stent-graft for emergency endovascular repair of complex abdominal aortic aneurysms.
JOURNAL OF ENDOVASCULAR THERAPY
(2023)