Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lin Wang, Hang Liu, Xinsong Li, Chen Yao
Summary: In this study, researchers successfully constructed nanoparticles with excellent antibacterial properties by modifying and crosslinking lipoic acid. The nanoparticles showed good inhibitory activity against various microorganisms and caused damage to bacterial morphology.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lusine Yaghjyan, Yujing J. Heng, Gabrielle M. Baker, Vanessa Bret-Mounet, Divya Murthy, Matt B. Mahoney, Yi Mu, Bernard Rosner, Rulla M. Tamimi
Summary: This study compared the assessment of stem cell markers CD44, CD24, and ALDH1A1 in breast tissue of cancer-free women by pathologists and automated image analysis. The results showed variable correlations between manual and computational assessments, suggesting the use of computational platforms for evaluating stem cell markers in large-scale epidemiological studies.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shiva Zargar Ershadi, Mohammad Davoud Heidari, Baishali Dutta, Goretty Dias, Nathan Pelletier
Summary: In this study, different nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) strategies were considered and analyzed using ISO 14044 compliant environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) and NUE calculations. The application of scrubbers in layer barns was found to significantly increase NUE, reduce acidification and eutrophication emissions. Furthermore, the combined application of all strategies led to a further increase in NUE but at the cost of increased energy consumption.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2021)
Article
Social Issues
Karla G. Cedano, Araceli Hernandez-Granados
Summary: Science Based Innovation relies on effective Technology Transfer efforts to define strategies that increase high-technology projects success in the market, facing market uncertainty and limited resources. Technology Intelligence plays a key role in reducing risks and improving decision making in this context.
TECHNOLOGY IN SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Magali Ingles, Joana Vasconcelos E. Cruz, Ana Mano Azul, Mario Polido, Antonio H. S. Delgado
Summary: This study compares the adhesive interface formed in dentin using self-adhesive composites with different bonding strategies. The results indicate that using a primer strategy enhances the bond strength of the self-adhesive composite and provides sufficient collagen infiltration.
Article
Cell Biology
Chen Chen, Niangui Cai, Qian Niu, Ye Tian, Yunyun Hu, Xiaomei Yan
Summary: This study systematically characterized the performance of lipophilic membrane dyes (LMDs) or probes (LMPs) in labeling extracellular vesicles (EVs). The study found that PKH67 and PKH26 could effectively label EVs, while excessive PKH26 could damage the structure of EVs. Di-8-ANEPPS and high concentration of DiI achieved efficient and uniform labeling of EVs. The study also discovered that LMDs can aggregate and form micelles, making it difficult to differentiate them from labeled EVs.
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Heng Li
Summary: The latest version of minimap2 v2.22 has made improvements in accurately mapping long reads to highly repetitive regions and in allowing alignments through insertions or deletions up to 100 kb by default, addressing major weaknesses in earlier versions.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
S. Duncan, G. Estrada-Rodriguez, J. Stocek, M. Dragone, P. A. Vargas, H. Gimperlein
Summary: Biologically inspired strategies are applied to swarm robotic systems, and analysis tools developed for modeling biological systems are used for efficient quantitative characterization of robot swarms. The optimization of robot movement laws to achieve a prescribed collective behavior is obtained computationally fast, and comparisons with robotic simulations confirm the advantage of Levy strategies over Brownian motion for search and area coverage problems in swarm robotics.
BIOINSPIRATION & BIOMIMETICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Frederick Callaway, Yash Raj Jain, Bas van Opheusden, Priyam Das, Gabriela Iwama, Sayan Gul, Paul M. Krueger, Frederic Becker, Thomas L. Griffiths, Falk Lieder
Summary: Human decision making often suffers from systematic errors, and teaching decision strategies may help improve this situation. Challenges include limited knowledge of decision strategies, limited transfer of learning, and the difficulty of teaching strategies to a large number of people. Researchers used artificial intelligence to discover and teach optimal decision strategies to address these issues.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Randa Mohamed Ahmed Mahmoud, Amr Sayed Hassan Abdallah
Summary: This study aims to improve students' thermal comfort in school courtyards through the application of different shading strategies (including shading with different heights, vegetation, and hybrid shading). The results show that applying hybrid shading with trees in wide courtyards can significantly reduce outdoor temperatures. This study provides architects and planners with information on how to reduce heat stress and improve students' thermal comfort.
SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mauro Sousa de Almeida, Eva Susnik, Barbara Drasler, Patricia Taladriz-Blanco, Alke Petri-Fink, Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser
Summary: Nanoparticles have diverse applications, particularly in nanomedicine for detecting and treating diseases like cancer and inflammation. Understanding the mechanisms of cellular uptake and intracellular localization of nanoparticles is crucial for therapeutic applications. Factors such as physicochemical properties, endocytic pathways, and cellular uptake regulators play key roles in the application of nanoparticles in medicine.
CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Brian T. Garibaldi, Stephen W. Russell
Summary: The bedside encounter between patients and physicians is crucial in medical practice, but modern healthcare systems are seeing less direct contact due to various factors. Strategies such as setting clear goals before bedside encounters, practicing evidence-based approaches, and utilizing point-of-care technology are recommended to improve clinical skills teaching and assessment. Feedback on specific clinical examination skills is also important for learners in various settings.
Article
Ecology
Felix Michaud, Jerome Sueur, Maxime Le Cesne, Sylvain Haupert
Summary: Open audio databases like Xeno-Canto are widely utilized for building datasets and training models to explore and classify bird songs. However, these databases have weak labeling, lacking temporal localization. Manual annotation is time-consuming and impractical for large datasets. To address this, we propose a data-centric labeling function that segments sound units, computes features, and classifies them using DBSCAN or BirdNET. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in reducing label noise and suggest opportunities for future research in designing suitable labeling functions.
ECOLOGICAL INFORMATICS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Benjamin C. Remington, Joseph Baumert, W. Marty Blom, Luca Bucchini, Neil Buck, Rene Crevel, Fleur De Mooij, Simon Flanagan, James Hindley, Bushra Javed, Despoina Angeliki Stavropoulou, Myrthe W. van den Dungen, Marjan van Ravenhorst, Si Wang, Michael Walker
Summary: This article provides an introduction to quantitative risk assessment (QRA) for allergens and discusses the steps and methods involved in conducting such assessments. It also introduces the work of the International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI Europe) Expert Group in developing methodologies and implementation guidelines for allergen QRA by food business operators. The focus of the research includes proactive assessments and reactive assessments.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shams Forruque Ahmed, Fatema Mehejabin, Adiba Momtahin, Nuzaba Tasannum, Nishat Tasnim Faria, M. Mofijur, Anh Tuan Hoang, Dai-Viet N. Vo, T. M. Mahlia
Summary: Membrane technology is gaining popularity in wastewater treatment due to its cost-effectiveness and environmentally friendly characteristics. This review addresses the key techniques for improving membrane performance and highlights the challenges and solutions associated with the membrane process. Hybrid techniques are also explored for enhancing membrane performance. The control strategies for membrane fouling still require optimization, and more research is needed for long-term direct membrane filtering operation.
Article
Acoustics
Rashid Afkhami, Rachel Wong, Saadallah Ramadan, Frederick Rohan Walker, Sarah Johnson
Summary: This study introduced a new TCD-based timing index, TITCD, as an indicator of vascular stiffening and health, showing stronger correlations with CRF and PIMRI compared to existing indices. The clearer relationship of the proposed timing index with vascular aging factors underlines its utility as an early indicator of vascular stiffening.
ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Muhammad Basit Shahab, Sarah J. Johnson, Mahyar Shirvanimoghaddam, Marwa Chafii, Ertugrul Basar, Mischa Dohler
IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS
(2020)
Review
Orthopedics
Jodie A. Cochrane, Traci Flynn, Adrian Wills, Frederick R. Walker, Michael Nilsson, Sarah J. Johnson
Summary: The majority of models reported low predictive success rates and inability to externally validate, with only a few performing well using large sample sizes, similar demographics, and nonlinear models. The question of replicating reported predictive success and the challenge of model consistency and external validation remain.
JOURNAL OF ARTHROPLASTY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zidan Zhao, Rebecca J. Hood, Lin Kooi Ong, Giovanni Pietrogrande, Sonia Sanchez Bezanilla, Kirby E. Warren, Marina Ilicic, Murielle G. Kluge, Clifford TeBay, Ole P. Ottersen, Sarah J. Johnson, Michael Nilsson, Frederick R. Walker
Summary: This study showed that low oxygen post-conditioning (LOPC) may improve cognition in mice after experimental stroke. LOPC not only enhanced learning and memory, but also reduced neuronal loss, restored vascular deficits, and decreased the severity of amyloid-beta (Aß) burden in the brain. These findings provide further insight into the cognitive benefits of LOPC post-stroke.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Telecommunications
Muhammad Basit Shahab, Sarah J. Johnson, Mahyar Shirvanimoghaddam, Mischa Dohler
Summary: This letter discusses the issue of handling discontinuous data streams in PD-NOMA systems, proposing the use of multiple detectors for user activity detection and performing multi-user detection. Simulation results show that the proposed detectors outperform conventional PD-NOMA receivers in terms of bit error rate.
IEEE COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katarzyna Zalewska, Rebecca J. Hood, Giovanni Pietrogrande, Sonia Sanchez-Bezanilla, Lin Kooi Ong, Sarah J. Johnson, Kaylene M. Young, Michael Nilsson, Frederick R. Walker
Summary: This study investigated the influence of corticosterone on white matter tract structure post-stroke, finding that stress-like levels of corticosterone can moderately influence white matter tract reorganization and microstructure.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Rashid Afkhami, Sarah Johnson
Summary: In this study, a mathematical model for the reflection time and augmentation index was derived using transmission-line theory, and it was tested against reported values in the literature. Insights from the model were discussed, such as the age-related shift in the reflection site, variation of AI with heart rate, and flattening of Trefl in older participants.
MEDICAL ENGINEERING & PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rashid Afkhami, Frederick R. Walker, Saadallah Ramadan, Rachel Wong, Sarah J. Johnson
Summary: NiRS technology introduces a novel timing index TINiRS for assessing cerebrovascular health, which shows significant correlations with age, non-exercise cardiorespiratory fitness index, and other existing indices of cerebrovascular health.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Madeleine Hinwood, Jenny Nyberg, Lucy Leigh, Sara Gustavsson, John Attia, Christopher Oldmeadow, Marina Ilicic, Thomas Linden, N. David Aberg, Chris Levi, Neil Spratt, Leeanne M. Carey, Michael Pollack, Sarah J. Johnson, Georg Hans Kuhn, Frederick R. Walker, Michael Nilsson
Summary: This study aims to analyze whether P2Y12R inhibitors increase the risk of cognitive disorder or dementia in stroke patients by their actions on microglia. The study will be conducted using real-world data from the Swedish National Health and Medical Registers and will involve a cohort study of stroke patients. Causal effect estimates and statistical analysis will be used to derive the causal estimand associated with this important clinical question.
Article
Telecommunications
Muhammad Basit Shahab, Sarah J. Johnson, Mahyar Shirvanimoghaddam, Mischa Dohler
Summary: This article proposes a simple and efficient strategy for grant-free PD-NOMA by introducing special activity indicator symbols for early collision detection, which helps the base station identify successful transmissions and collisions before processing actual data.
TRANSACTIONS ON EMERGING TELECOMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES
(2022)
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Elena Prieto-Rodriguez, Kristina Sincock, Regina Berretta, Juanita Todd, Sarah Johnson, Karen Blackmore, Erica Wanless, Anna Giacomini, Lauren Gibson
Summary: This article examines the diverse experiences of female STEM professionals in regional Australia. Through in-depth interviews, it uncovers their journeys, challenges, shared traits, and differences in opinions.
HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Theory & Methods
Yucheng Liu, Lawrence Ong, Sarah Johnson, Joerg Kliewer, Parastoo Sadeghi, Phee Lep Yeoh
Summary: We investigate information leakage to a guessing adversary in zero-error source coding, using a confusion graph to capture distinguishability between source symbols. We develop a single-letter characterization of optimal normalized leakage under the basic adversary model and discover that this optimal leakage is equal to the optimal compression rate with fixed-length source codes. Extending the leakage measurement to generalized adversary models, we derive single-letter lower and upper bounds for cases with multiple guesses and some level of distortion allowed.
2021 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON INFORMATION THEORY (ISIT)
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Muhammad Basit Shahab, Rana Abbas, Mahyar Shirvanimoghaddam, Sarah J. Johnson
IEEE COMMUNICATIONS SURVEYS AND TUTORIALS
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Rashid Ghorbani Afkhami, Frederick Rohan Walker, Saadallah Ramadan, Sarah Johnson
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2020)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Elizabeth Ditton, Sarah Johnson, Nicolette Hodyl, Traci Flynn, Michael Pollack, Karen Ribbons, Frederick Rohan Walker, Michael Nilsson
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2020)
