Article
Chemistry, Physical
Maria-Athina Apostolaki, Elias Sakellis, Polychronis Tsipas, Maria Giannouri, Spiros Gardelis, Nikos Boukos, Athanasios Dimoulas, Vlassis Likodimos
Summary: Heterostructured WO3/TiO2 photonic crystal films in the form of three-dimensional macroporous inverse opals were developed by single-step, three-phase co-assembly of colloidal templates with water soluble precursors. The properties of the inverse opals could be controlled by adjusting the W/Ti molar ratio and macropore diameter. This method provides a promising route for the development of heterostructured inverse opal networks with tailored electronic properties and improved solar light harvesting.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wonbin Ju, Sungbae Lee
Summary: A capacitive NO2 sensing device based on graphene was developed using the quantum capacitance effect. The graphene field-effect transistor (G-FET) device had enhanced geometrical capacitance through an aluminum back-gate electrode with a naturally oxidized aluminum surface as an insulating layer. The quantum capacitance and measured capacitance of the device changed with NO2 concentrations, demonstrating the feasibility of capacitive NO2 sensing using graphene and explaining the operational principle.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Likun Wang, Yong Liu, Gaorong Han, Hongli Zhao
Summary: In this study, porous three-dimensional electrochromic films composed of WO3·H2O, WO3, and TiO2 were controllably synthesized by a facile hydrothermal technique. The resulting films exhibited impressive dual-band electrochromic performance with high optical modulation and fast switching speed.
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wei Li, Kaijian Xing, Porun Liu, Chenghao Chuang, Ying-Rui Lu, Ting-Shan Chan, Tuquabo Tesfamichael, Nunzio Motta, Dong-Chen Qi
Summary: This work demonstrates an ultrasensitive NO2 gas sensor based on alpha-phase molybdenum trioxide (alpha-MoO3) with superb selectivity and reversibility. The sensor shows high sensitivity towards NO2 with a low detection limit at optimal operating temperature, thanks to the layered nature of the alpha-MoO3 nanoribbons and their hierarchical assembly as the sensing layer.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Chiara Nomellini, Annalisa Polo, Camilo A. Mesa, Ernest Pastor, Gianluigi Marra, Ivan Grigioni, Maria Vittoria Dozzi, Sixto Gimenez, Elena Selli
Summary: The performance of composite WO3/BiVO4 photoanodes can be improved by nanostructuring the WO3 underlayer, mitigating charge transport and recombination issues.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Omar K. Bingah, Mark D. Pritzker
Summary: This study investigated the electrochemical activity of polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt containing tungsten oxide and/or tin oxide nanocatalysts in the Ce(III)/Ce(IV) redox reaction. The combination of WO3 and SnO2 catalysts showed superior catalytic activity compared to single oxide catalysts, promoting electrolyte accessibility and improving electrode hydrophilicity. SEM images indicated a more homogeneous dispersion and prevention of oxide particle clustering with the WO3-SnO2 mixture, leading to enhanced performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
M. Raja, R. Marnadu, M. Balaji, K. Ravikumar, V. Gopala Krishna, Mohanraj Kumar, Ehab El Sayed Massoud
Summary: In this work, gallium-doped tungsten trioxide (Ga@WO3) films and n-Ga@WO3/p-Si diodes were fabricated. The impact of Ga dopant on the physical properties of WO3 films was analyzed. The results showed that higher Ga dopant concentrations led to the presence of Ga in the crystal structure of o-GaWO3. The doped WO3 thin film exhibited higher conductivity and lower activation energy at room temperature. The performance of n-WO3/p-Si diodes was enhanced with Ga dopant concentration.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jun Min Suh, Ki Chang Kwon, Tae Hyung Lee, Changyeon Kim, Chung Won Lee, Young Geun Song, Min-Ju Choi, Seokhoon Choi, Sung Hwan Cho, Sungkyu Kim, Mohammadreza Shokouhimehr, Chong-Yun Kang, Young-Seok Shim, Donghwa Lee, Ho Won Jang
Summary: Utilizing transition metal dichalcogenides on one-dimensional nanostructures for highly sensitive and selective NO2 gas sensor fabrication.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Lili Zhao, Zuoming Chen, YuQin Peng, Lilin Yang, Jingting Ai, Jianhua Zhou, Lei Miao
Summary: In this work, a smart electrochromic energy storage device (EESD) was constructed by using MnO2 film as the complementing electrode to provide optical modulation and energy storage performance. The synthesized WO3 and MnO2 films exhibited desirable matched performance. The constructed EESD showed significant optical contrast, fast switching times, high coloration efficiency, satisfactory specific capacitance, and excellent cycle stability. The EESD could light up an LED bulb or an LCD screen after charging, indicating promising application prospect in energy storage.
SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Haneul Kwon, Soohyun Kim, Mirim Ham, Yewon Park, Haekyoung Kim, Wonmok Lee, Hyunjung Lee
Summary: Recently, there has been a focus on low-power consumption electrochromic technologies. Electrochromic devices using tungsten trioxide (WO3) have shown excellent performance but have long coloration times. In this study, a fibrous structure of WO3@poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) composites was fabricated through electrospinning, resulting in faster coloration time and improved efficiency. The optimized fibrous structure exhibited high coloration efficiency, fast coloration time, and good cycle stability. Finally, an electrochromic device was successfully fabricated on fabric and showed comparable color change through voltage variation.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Beatriz Rodriguez, Jaime Dolado, Jesus Lopez-Sanchez, Pedro Hidalgo, Bianchi Mendez
Summary: Polymorphous WO3 micro- and nanostructures were synthesized by joule heating of tungsten wires, assisted by an external electric field, resulting in the growth of WO3 on both wire surface and copper electrodes. The temperature measurements confirmed the calculated threshold density current required for WO3 growth. The structural characterization revealed the presence of gamma-WO3, delta-WO3, and e-WO3 phases, which offer high oxygen vacancy concentration for various applications. These findings can facilitate the production of oxide nanomaterials from other metal wires using the resistive heating method.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hong Ma, Shuyang Li, Yan Tong, Xiaolong Liu, Wenxiang Mu, Xutang Tao
Summary: The origin of unintentional n-type conductivity in wide-band-gap oxides is still debated. This study investigates the physical characteristics of H-containing defects in high-quality fl-Ga2O3 single crystals through solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It is found that the n-type conductivity in fl-Ga2O3 is caused by the VGa-H2+1 complex formed by three trapped protons in half vacancies. The bridged protons in Ga-O(H2)-Ga bonds act as shallow donors, contributing to the conductivity.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
A. Paleczek, D. Grochala, K. Staszek, S. Gruszczynski, Erwin Maciak, Zbigniew Opilski, Piotr Kaluzynski, Marek Wojcikowski, Tuan-Vu Cao, A. Rydosz
Summary: A microwave system dedicated to detecting nitrogen dioxide in harsh highway environments is proposed. It utilizes an optimized transmission line sensor coated with a tungsten trioxide thin film that changes its electrical properties in the presence of NO2 gas. The system operates within the 1.5 GHz - 4.5 GHz range, allowing for the detection of NO2 concentrations ranging from 0 to 20 ppm.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mehdi Ismail, Mohamed Mehdi Chebaane, Latifa Bousselmi, Orfan Zahraa, Celine Olivier, Thierry Toupance
Summary: TiO2 electrodes modified with different loadings of WO3 showed increased photocurrent density and decreased interface charge transfer resistance. However, all devices modified by WO3 exhibited lower photovoltaic performance compared to the TiO2 reference cell. The highest conversion efficiency was observed when WO3 was introduced into the TiCl4 pretreatment bath, optimizing semiconductor contact for improved charge transfer.
SURFACES AND INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wei Li, Mahboobeh Shahbazi, Kaijian Xing, Tuquabo Tesfamichael, Nunzio Motta, Dong-Chen Qi
Summary: In this work, 2D MoS2@MoO3 heterostructures were synthesized and their morphological, structural, and compositional properties were studied. The heterostructures showed room-temperature ferromagnetism and exhibited p-type-like response towards NO2, with excellent selectivity and reversibility. This study demonstrates the promising application of 2D molybdenum hybrid compounds in gas sensing with unique electronic and magnetic properties.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Kehao Feng, Zhenghua Zhang, Guohua Bai, Xiuyuan Fan, Rongzhi Zhao, Xuefeng Zhang
Summary: This paper proposes a new method to accurately evaluate the high-frequency power loss of soft magnetic materials. Through a two-step calibration, the system is able to compensate for the phase angle discrepancy between the exciting current and induced voltage, enabling a higher power loss measurement frequency.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mingfang Kang, Tong Liu, Hongmei Sun, Lin Li, Keliang Wang
Summary: In this study, the absorption performance of ambient nitrogenous toxic gases on a monolayer of blue phosphorus phase germanium selenide (GeSe) was investigated using density-functional theory calculations. The results showed that GeSe monolayer exhibits higher sensitivity and selectivity for the hazardous gas NO.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yaqiong Niu, Zhicheng Zou, Longsheng Cheng, Chaofeng Ye
Summary: This paper proposes a novel method to stabilize the laser diode output using a close-loop control with two feedbacks. The proposed method performs better for long-time operations.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jiajie Li, Ying Liu, Zhen Chai, Qian Cao, Renjie Li, Yueyang Zhai
Summary: This study proposed an efficient and high-quality beam-splitting method based on a diffractive optical element, enabling multichannel SERF atomic magnetometers to achieve ultra-high consistency and sensitivity. It has significant applications in array biomagnetic measurement systems.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
E. Oliveira, C. Doering, H. Fouckhardt
Summary: With the development of Lab on a chip technology, fluid management using dispersed droplets has become an important approach. Electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD) is one method for droplet actuation, but it requires prior definition of droplet positions. Optoelectrowetting (OEW) goes further by allowing changes in electrical parameters through impinging light spots, without the need for predefined droplet positions. This study re-evaluates the key parameters of OEW and explores their effects on droplet actuation using numerical optimization methods.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Haipeng Wang, Zhiguo Wang, Gancheng Zhu, Shuai Zhang
Summary: A novel capacitive proximity skin was developed to improve the performance of robotics in handling liquid-filled containers. This skin features a flexible structure that can adapt to different grippers and seamlessly integrate with Robot Operating System. Experimental results demonstrated that this proximity skin achieved data-lossless detection and contactless measurement of liquid level, making it suitable for grasping operations.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Tsenguun Byambadorj, Xiangyu Zhao, Yutao Qin, Yogesh B. Gianchandani
Summary: In this research, a monolithically microfabricated Knudsen pump (KP) without suspended membranes was presented. These pumps offer improved mechanical robustness, wider process window, and simplified microfabrication process compared to previous designs. The experimental results matched the modeling results well, indicating the potential for monolithic integration onto complex lab-on-a-chip systems.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hamed Karami, Saeed Karami Chemeh, Vahid Azizi, Hooman Sharifnasab, Jose Ramos, Mohammed Kamruzzaman
Summary: Aroma is a significant quality trait for pharmaceutical plants and their products, indicating the quality of the raw material. An electronic nose is an efficient approach for identifying and evaluating the aroma of essential oils. In this study, tarragon was dried at different temperatures and air velocities, and the purity of tarragon essential oil was evaluated using an electronic nose. Multivariate data analysis and artificial neural networks modeling were employed to quantify and classify the obtained essential oils.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xiaoyang Duan, Dan Xu, Wenjun Jia, Ran Li, Bohao Sun, Ruitian Yan, Wenjie Zhao
Summary: Flower-like WO3/WS2 heterojunction materials constructed via a low-temperature in-situ oxidation method exhibit significant improvements in the detection of NO2 gas in gas sensors, along with good selectivity and reproducibility.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Peng Yu, Mengyang Zhang, Manqi You, Yuxi Gao, Landong Xiao, Yan Peng, Jingxia Lai, Zhouzhao Shi, Siwei Luo, Gencai Guo, Gang Guo
Summary: Recent studies have shown that two-dimensional Janus transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have great potential for applications in gas sensors. By conducting first principles calculations, this study explores the potential application of Pd-doped monolayer HfSeS as gas sensor materials for detecting CO, CO2, NH3, and NO. The results demonstrate the good thermodynamical stability and reversible adsorption of these molecules on both pristine and Pd-doped HfSeS, with Pd-doped HfSeS showing higher sensitivity towards NO due to its metallic behavior upon NO adsorption.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jinlan Yang, Linjiao Li, Jun Huang, Quan Zhang, Hiba Affane
Summary: This study proposes a method for large-scale aggregation of micro-particles by creating a vortex region using low-frequency oscillation. Experimental results show that this method can achieve a large aggregation area and has the advantages of low cost and low power consumption.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jitendra Singh, Saurabh Kumar Gupta, Vinita
Summary: In this investigation, a Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) formalin gas sensor was explored for low-level formalin gas sensing applications. The sensor showed stable response and high sensitivity to formalin gas concentration, making it a reliable and useful sensor for room temperature operations.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Junyao Wang, Yahao Liu, Huan Liu, Qi Hou, Jianxin Xu, Hongxu Pan, Jingran Quan, Yansong Chen, Hanbo Yang, Lixiang Li
Summary: A flexible electrode with a serpentine-shaped tetra-chiral structure was designed to improve the mechanical properties and prevent mechanical fracture of flexible electrodes. The research demonstrated that this structure reduced the maximum tensile stress by 87.19% compared to the existing tetra-chiral structure. The flexible electrode remained conductive even at a strain of 70% and showed resistance values of 5 ohm and 4.4 ohm at a bending angle of 180 degrees and after 1000 fold cycles. Furthermore, the flexible electrodes showed great potential in biological signal monitoring, particularly in collecting ECG and pulse signals.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Taihao Chen, Yong Fang, Mengru Zhu, Zhiwei Zhao, Wei Lei, Zhuoya Zhu, Helong Jiang
Summary: Flexible dual-spectral carbon nanodots/flexible n-silicon heterojunction photodetectors with high responsivity and detectivity are reported. These detectors show photo response in UV illumination and only in forward bias under visible illumination. The photocurrent of the device remains high even under bending strain.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
M. S. Sikandar Bathusha, Israr Ud Din, Rehan Umer, Kamran A. Khan
Summary: Graphene-based nanomaterials are used as embedded sensors to monitor fracture behavior in composite structures. This study investigates the in-situ crack propagation and fracture behavior in a glass fiber reinforced polymer composite using embedded reduced graphene oxide coated fabrics and highly conductive graphene nanoplatelet paper.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)