Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Miaomiao Cheng, Jingen Wu, Mengmeng Guan, Qi Mao, Dan Xian, Zhongqiang Hu, Chenying Wang, Zhiguang Wang, Ziyao Zhou, Libo Zhao, Zhuangde Jiang, Ming Liu
Summary: The rapid development of the internet of things has created a demand for intelligent electric field sensors with low-cost, large-range, and high-resolution capabilities. In this paper, a sensor based on the piezoelectric bending effect is proposed, which utilizes a sandwiched bimorph structure to improve resolution. The proposed sensor exhibits high sensitivity and can be used in power equipment fault diagnosis and power frequency electric field detection.
SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Kuie-Bin Chang, Parag Parashar, Li -Chien Shen, An-Rong Chen, Yan-Tsz Huang, Arnab Pal, Kee-Chin Lim, Po-Han Wei, Fu-Cheng Kao, Jin-Jia Hu, Zong-Hong Lin
Summary: This study proposes a self-powered triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) based flexible tactile sensor array system for real-time monitoring of pressure distribution inside a prosthetic socket. The sensor is made of biocompatible PDMS polymer and PCL nanofiber membranes as triboelectric materials, providing high stability and low cost. Integration of the sensor array within a prosthetic device enables real-time monitoring of pressure distribution during gait simulation.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Sedat Kurnaz, Ozgur Ozturk, Nurdane Yilmaz, Osman Cicek
Summary: This study successfully synthesized Parylene C through chemical vapor deposition and fabricated flexible piezoelectric, piezoresistive, and capacitive pressure sensors using Parylene C. The sensors showed high sensitivities and short response and relaxation times. The research also discovered the potential applications of Parylene C in wearable healthcare monitoring, human-machine interfaces, and soft robotics in the low-pressure range.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Siu-Teing Ko, Fredrik Asplund, Begum Zeybek
Summary: This investigation focused on a scoping review of sensor systems in transfemoral sockets to identify potential breakthroughs in improving prosthetic socket design. The study highlighted the importance of interdisciplinary cooperation and open research data generation in advancing sensor design for amputees.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Chenxu Yu, Kai Liu, Jiwen Xu, Mao Ye, Tao Yang, Tianpeng Qi, Yiming Zhang, Huarui Xu, Haibo Zhang
Summary: This study presents the design and fabrication of a high-performance pressure sensor with a thermochromic function, consisting of a color-changing piezoelectric film and a piezoresistive layer. The thermochromic function is achieved through the reaction between a color-forming agent and developer in a temperature-dependent co-solvent. The sensor exhibits high sensitivity and response time due to the introduction of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 piezoelectric material and MXene for electrical conductivity. When applied to the human body and KN95 masks, the sensor demonstrates good sensitivity to measure human behavior, breath airflow, and daily speaking signals, making it suitable for wearable monitoring.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Akash Kumar, Jagpreet Singh
Summary: Research indicates that the choice and mechanical properties of substrate materials are crucial for energy harvesting in PEH design. By designing various models and optimizing substrate materials, significant improvements in energy output can be achieved, along with proposing a greedy approach for further enhancement. This study opens up a discussion for manufacturing new substrate materials to increase energy harvesting in PEH.
ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Lei Yang, Jianke Du, J. S. Yang
Summary: This study examines the bending of a two-layer piezoelectric semiconductor plate (bimorph) using the macroscopic theory of piezoelectric semiconductors. The plate equations derived from three-dimensional equations reveal direct couplings among bending, electric polarization, and mobile charges. The study identifies a combination of physical and geometric parameters that characterize the interaction between mechanical load and the distribution of mobile charges. The findings are fundamentally significant for manipulating mobile charges in piezoelectric semiconductor devices.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND MECHANICS-ENGLISH EDITION
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Yunbin Chen, Zhi Yan
Summary: This study investigates the nonlinear behaviors of nanoscale piezoelectric energy harvesters under harmonic base excitations, considering geometric nonlinearity, inertial nonlinearity, and flexoelectricity. Geometric nonlinearity leads to hardening behavior, while inertial nonlinearity leads to softening behavior. Comparison of materials shows that PVDF energy harvester exhibits more prominent performance enhancement due to flexoelectricity.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Akash Kumar, Ankur Jaiswal, Ravinder Singh Joshi, Jagpreet Singh
Summary: Battery-less wireless sensor networks are a sustainable solution for IoT applications. This article proposes a novel vibration energy harvester design that increases sensitivity and power output by optimizing distances and magnet placement.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Raul E. Jimenez, Jose P. Montoya, Rodrigo Acuna Herrera
Summary: This paper proposes a highly simplified optical voltage sensor using a piezoelectric bimorph and a Fiber Bragg Grating for high voltage applications with good accuracy and stability. The theoretical framework and experimental results are detailed, with a correction term derived to improve designing equations. Experimental results from a laboratory setup show excellent agreement with theoretical expected behavior for different voltage magnitudes.
JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT MATERIAL SYSTEMS AND STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hui Ji, Shuwen Zhang, Kaiyuan Liu, Tonghui Wu, Shuaijun Li, Hao Shen, Minglong Xu
Summary: Recent advancements in electromechanical coupling effects have led to the development of soft and stretchable electromechanical materials for biomimetic applications. In this work, researchers have reported a flexoelectric enhanced elastomer-based film (FEEF) with both high electromechanical capability and stretchability. By utilizing biaxial pre-stretch, crosslinking density, nanoparticle size, particle filling ratio, and electric field charging, the researchers were able to enhance the flexoelectricity of the FEEF by two orders of magnitude.
MATERIALS HORIZONS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Nolwenn Fougeron, Pierre-Yves Rohan, Jean-Loic Rose, Xavier Bonnet, Helene Pillet
Summary: This study introduces a hip joint modelling approach that includes the estimation of muscular forces, and examines the impact of ischial support on interface pressure for femoral amputees. The findings reveal a decrease in gluteus medius force when considering ischial support, along with interface pressure predictions matching literature data.
MEDICAL ENGINEERING & PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qiuying Zhao, Lu Yang, Yizhou Ma, Huajie Huang, Haiyan He, Hongli Ji, Zhifeng Wang, Jinhao Qiu
Summary: A highly sensitive flexible pressure sensor is developed based on piezoelectric MXene/PVDF hybrid film, with excellent piezoelectric response and mechanical properties, demonstrating superior voltage sensitivity and fast recovery time.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Rongyu Xia, Shixuan Shao, Jianlin Yi, Kaihong Zheng, Mehrdad Negahban, Zheng Li
Summary: In this study, a method of connecting piezoelectric bimorph plates to a periodic arrangement of electric circuits is proposed, and the decoupling or hybridization of multi-mode Lamb waves is achieved by changing the electric boundary conditions. The research results are of great significance for controlling guided wave propagation and developing nondestructive testing techniques in engineering applications.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Asghar Jamshiddoust, Malihe Avarzamani, Amin Farrokhabadi
Summary: Composite materials are a suitable option for the next generation of lightweight piezoelectric energy harvesters. However, the complex damage behavior and lack of information compared to traditional materials pose challenges for their widespread use.
MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Jingjing Liu, Noor Azuan Abu Osman, Mouaz Al Kouzbary, Hamza Al Kouzbary, Nasrul Anuar Abd Razak, Hanie Nadia Shasmin, Nooranida Arifin
Summary: The paper discusses the importance of selecting and optimizing suitable elastic actuators in the design of powered ankle-foot prostheses, proposing a method to effectively reduce peak mechanical power and mean energy consumption power by optimizing with different elastic elements. The experiments found that UPEA and SE+UPEA both significantly improved in performance after optimization, recommended as the selection basis for the design of powered ankle-foot prostheses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONTROL AUTOMATION AND SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Normazlianita Mohamad Alias, Zakiran Abd Razak, Munirah Janjori, Mohd Yazed Ahmad, Julia Patrick Engkasan, Nur Azah Hamzaid
Summary: This study developed a call bell garment called ePillow that works by detecting the pressure pattern on a pillow surface where the patient is lying down. The system was found to be able to accurately map the force on the surface of the pillow and determine the location of the force applied with high accuracy and sensitivity.
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI-SCIENCES & ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
Chow-Khuen Chan, Hamzaid Nur Azah, Chen-Hua Yeow, Sim-Kuan Goh, Hua-Nong Ting, Karman Salmah
Summary: This preliminary study aimed to quantify the kinematics, kinetics, and energetics in squat with different depths and speeds among healthy young adults with different physical activity levels. Results showed that higher speeds and deeper squats increased joint moments and powers at the hip and knee, with the knee joint being the predominant contributor. These findings suggest that different strategies were employed to compensate for speed and depth manipulations during squatting.
JOURNAL OF MECHANICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Nurul Salwani Mohamad Saadon, Nur Azah Hamzaid, Nazirah Hasnan, Muhammad Afiq Dzulkifli, Mira Teoh, Glen M. Davis
Summary: This study assessed the relationship between muscle mechanomyography (%RMS-MMG) and tissue oxygen saturation (%TSI) during electrically-evoked fatiguing exercise in individuals with tetraplegia. The results showed that the correlation between these two measures changed after fatigue onset.
Review
Rehabilitation
Nur A. Hashim, Nasrul A. Abd Razak, Thilagavathi Shanmuganathan, Rafidah A. Jaladin, Hossein Gholizadeh, Noor A. Abu Osman
Summary: The study suggests that the research quality on virtual reality technology in the rehabilitation of individuals with upper limb loss is low, indicating the need for improvements in research protocols and evaluation of existing devices. Most studies have utilized inadequate design and there is a call for more rigorous randomized controlled trials.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL AND REHABILITATION MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Aina Munirah Ab Rasid, Azlina Musa, Muhammad Amirul Abdullah, Anwar P. P. Abdul Majeed, Mohd Azraai Mohd Razmaan, Mohamad Razali Abdullah, Noor Azuan Abu Osman, Rabiu Muazu Musa
Summary: Recent advances in sports technology have allowed sports engineers to create a customised data collection system using inertial measurement units (IMUs). This study investigated the reliability of a custom-made IMU system in evaluating skateboarding manoeuvres and found that the system was reliable in measuring skateboarding tricks performances.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART P-JOURNAL OF SPORTS ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Jingjing Liu, Muhammad Awais Naeem, Mouaz Al Kouzbary, Hamza Al Kouzbary, Hanie Nadia Shasmin, Nooranida Arifin, Nasrul Anuar Abd Razak, Noor Azuan Abu Osman
Summary: 3D printing is the optimal method for producing frame parts of powered ankle-foot prostheses, but the compressive strength of the 3D-printed parts must be ensured. This study investigates the impact of infill pattern and density on compressive strength, using a carbon fiber-reinforced nylon material and following ASTM D695 compression test standard. Results show that specimens with higher mass exhibit greater compressive strength, and triangular fill patterns offer higher compressive strength than rectangular and gyroid fills at the same mass. Compared to solid fill specimens, triangular fill specimens provide more compressive strength per unit mass. Based on the findings, a 41% triangular fill is chosen for manufacturing the supporting part of the powered ankle-foot prosthesis, meeting the design requirements with a strain of 1.32 +/- 0.04% under a compressive load of 1225 N. This study provides evidence for the application of 3D printing in other contexts requiring compressive strength.
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Morufu Olusola Ibitoye, Nur Azah Hamzaid, Yusuf Kola Ahmed
Summary: Leg exercises such as standing, cycling, and walking can help preserve lower limb muscle and bone health in individuals with physical disability due to spinal cord injury (SCI). This study examined the effectiveness of leg exercises on bone mineral density and muscle cross-sectional area in persons with SCI. Results from relevant studies showed that individuals with SCI who performed leg exercises with functional electrical stimulation (FES) and frame support had better improvement in muscle and bone health compared to those who only used frame-assisted leg exercises. However, these benefits were observed only when exercise was initiated early (within 3 months after injury) and performed for <= 30 minutes/day, >= three times a week, and for up to 24 months or as desired and tolerated. In addition to the positive psychological effects, leg exercise may also reduce fracture rates, and its effectiveness can be enhanced with FES.
BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING-BIOMEDIZINISCHE TECHNIK
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Abdul Rauf Abu Bakar, Khin Wee Lai, Nur Azah Hamzaid
Summary: This study aims to investigate the functional relationship between P3b behavioral response and cortical neuronal oscillations of cognitive load activity in different phonological features of speech stimulus. The results showed that the control group exhibited higher amplitudes and delayed latency during placing contrast, while the patient group showed lower P3b amplitudes and earlier latency under similar conditions. The control group had higher power energy in alpha and theta activities. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the loss of attention and perception task withdrawal among individuals with hearing loss during higher order processing.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nik Abdul Muiz Nik Zainuddin, Nasrul Anuar Abd Razak, Mohd Sayuti Ab Karim, Noor Azuan Abu Osman
Summary: This study aims to determine the optimal ratio of epoxy and acrylic resin for laminated prosthetic sockets and evaluate the surface roughness of different combinations. The results show that epoxy resin produces a smoother surface compared to acrylic resin, making it a better choice for fabricating laminated sockets.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Azrena Zaireen Ahmad Zahudi, Juliana Usman, Noor Azuan Abu Osman
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hand dimensions and selected anthropometric characteristics on handgrip strength in recreational tenpin bowlers. The results showed that body height and the minimum breadth of the right hand had a significant impact on handgrip strength. There was a significant difference in handgrip strength between males and females, with males showing greater strength.
PEDAGOGY OF PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORTS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Mohd Khairuddin Mohd Safee, Noor Azuan Abu Osman
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between muscle fatigue and postural stability and fall risk. The results showed a significant increase in postural stability index (OSI) after fatigue, while no significant difference was found for APSI and MLSI. Fall risk did not show significant differences, but there was an increase in mean score data after fatigue. The correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between OSI and fall risk, and a significant negative correlation between MLSI and APSI.
HEALTHCARE IN LOW-RESOURCE SETTINGS
(2023)
Article
Rehabilitation
Nurhaida Rosley, Nazirah Hasnan, Nur Azah Hamzaid, Glen M. Davis, Haidzir Manaf
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of combined progressive resistance training and functional electrical stimulation-evoked leg cycling exercise on muscle strength and volume in individuals with incomplete spinal cord injury. The results showed that the combination of these two interventions was more effective in improving muscle strength and volume compared to the single intervention.
TURKISH JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Khaled Nedal Mahmoud Sobh, Nasrul Anuar Abd Razak, Noor Azuan Abu Osman
Summary: The assessment of residual limb muscles in amputees is crucial for rehabilitation, and a new cuff system using force-sensitive resistor sensors has been developed to measure muscle contraction. Tightness of the cuff was identified as an issue that may affect activities during testing.
Article
Education & Educational Research
Abdul Hafaz Ngah, Nurul Izni Kamalrulzaman, Mohamad Firdaus Halimi Mohamad, Rosyati Abdul Rashid, Nor Omaima Harun, Nur Asma Ariffin, Noor Azuan Abu Osman
Summary: This study explored the factors influencing students' willingness to continue with the online learning system during the COVID-19 pandemic and found that students' e-learning readiness, performance, and satisfaction have a positive impact on their willingness.
RESEARCH AND PRACTICE IN TECHNOLOGY ENHANCED LEARNING
(2022)