Journal
SEMINARS IN THROMBOSIS AND HEMOSTASIS
Volume 36, Issue 3, Pages 309-320Publisher
THIEME MEDICAL PUBL INC
DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1253453
Keywords
Angiogenesis; hypertension; vascular endothelial growth factor; placental growth factor; preeclampsia
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Funding
- Burroughs Wellcome Fund
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Both angiogenesis and vasculogenesis occur during normal placental development. Additionally, the placenta undergoes a process of vascular mimicry (also referred to as pseudo-vasculogenesis) where the placental cytotrophoblasts that invade the spiral arteries convert from an epithelial to an endothelial phenotype during normal pregnancy. Failure of placental angiogenesis and pseudo-vasculogenesis during placental development has been linked to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia and related disorders such as intrauterine growth restriction. This review discusses placental vascular development during health and in disease with a focus on accumulating recent evidence that the maternal clinical syndrome of preeclampsia may be due to the result of excess antiangiogenic factors liberated by the diseased placenta.
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