Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Giordana Salvi de Souza, Dimitri B. A. Mantovani, Pascalle Mossel, Bartholomeus C. M. Haarman, Ana Maria Marques da Silva, Hendrikus H. Boersma, Cristiane R. G. Furini, Adriaan A. Lammertsma, Charalampos Tsoumpas, Gert Luurtsema
Summary: The oral route is widely used and preferred for drug administration. Accurate quantification of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and characterization is crucial for drug development. In vivo methods such as gamma-scintigraphy, MRI, and PET have been used to analyze gastrointestinal absorption. This review focuses on PET studies using oral tracers, revealing variations in acquisition protocols, quantification methods, and pharmacokinetic parameters. Human studies showed 10-30 minutes for tracer to reach the intestine and about 100 minutes to reach peak concentration in the brain. Rodent studies estimated different pharmacokinetic parameters, indicating PET's potential for non-invasive measurement of drug absorption and distribution. Long Axial Field of View (LAFOV) PET scanners can reduce administered dose, making oral administration feasible for clinical studies.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jonathan R. Lindner
Summary: Contrast echocardiography uses ultrasound-based procedures with acoustic enhancing agents to improve diagnostic performance, providing incremental information in left ventricular opacification or microvascular perfusion imaging. Future applications will rely on the unique compositional design of ultrasound-enhancing agents.
Review
Energy & Fuels
R. S. Seright, Dongmei Wang
Summary: This review discusses the factors influencing the development of polymer flooding technology and presents insights into the dominance of HPAM as the main polymer used. It also highlights the requirements for alternative polymers and mobility-control methods to be viable. The paper explains the need for large polymer banks in polymer flooding and provides details on designing the injected polymer viscosity in different scenarios. Additionally, the role of fractures and horizontal wells in improving injectivity and extending the applicability of polymer flooding to high-viscosity oils is discussed. The review also describes operational improvements to enhance the stability of HPAM and ATBS polymers at elevated temperatures and summarizes key factors affecting polymer retention. The paper concludes by pointing out unresolved issues and future directions in the field of polymer flooding.
Review
Immunology
Quan Tang, Xian Peng, Bo Xu, Xuedong Zhou, Jing Chen, Lei Cheng
Summary: This review highlights the importance and potential of bacteria-based immunotherapy in cancer treatment. Through modern technologies like genetic engineering, bacteria can be modified to enhance tumor-targeting properties, immune modulation effect, and safety. Successful applications of engineered bacteria in cancer immunotherapy and potential opportunities in different cancer types are discussed.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
John M. DeWitt, Mustafa Arain, Kenneth J. Chang, Reem Sharaiha, Sri Komanduri, V. Raman Muthusamy, Joo Ha Hwang
Summary: The evolution of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has shifted towards therapeutic procedures, but lack of formal training and data on outcomes are obstacles to the field's growth. Better tools, data on safety/outcomes, and support from Gastrointestinal Societies are needed for widespread adoption of these novel interventions. Continued effort from societies and manufacturers to provide training, equipment, and policies to motivate endoscopists is essential for the field of interventional EUS to expand.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Flora Gouzerh, Jean-Marie Bessiere, Beata Ujvari, Frederic Thomas, Antoine M. Dujon, Laurent Dormont
Summary: Cancer, as the second leading cause of death worldwide, has garnered much attention in early detection research. VOCs have shown promise as potential biomarkers in detecting cancers, with numerous studies highlighting their value in this field.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-REVIEWS ON CANCER
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Peixu He, Cuiling Jiang, Zhixing Xu, Chuangang Shen
Summary: This review article analyzes scientific articles on knowledge hiding in organizations, identifying the main areas and current dynamics of research in this field. The study found that the central research themes of knowledge hiding include concept and dimensions, antecedents, consequences, theories, and influence mechanisms. Future research should focus on further developing the concept and dimensions of knowledge hiding, exploring its consequences, employing innovative theoretical perspectives and research methods, and considering cultural and contextual factors influencing knowledge hiding behavior.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alberto A. Robles-Loaiza, Edgar A. Pinos-Tamayo, Bruno Mendes, Catia Teixeira, Claudia Alves, Paula Gomes, Jose R. Almeida
Summary: Peptide-based drugs are recognized by the pharmaceutical industry for their potential in developing innovative therapies, including for conditions like leishmaniasis. This review details over one hundred peptides and their biochemical and structural characteristics, as well as their potential use in designing antileishmanial drugs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jordan S. Pober, Sharon Chih, Jon Kobashigawa, Joren C. Madsen, George Tellides
Summary: This article discusses the incidence and diagnosis, the nature of the vascular remodelling, immune and non-immune contributions to pathogenesis, current therapies, and future areas of research in cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV).
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Jin Shang, Yan Guo, Yue Ma, Yang Hou
Summary: Cardiac CT radiomics can gather disease-related information at a microstructural level and establish a link between imaging phenotyping and tissue pathology or biology. This technique has potential clinical value in assessing future cardiac risk, guiding prevention and management strategies, and offering new perspectives and development prospects to personalized cardiovascular medicine.
QUANTITATIVE IMAGING IN MEDICINE AND SURGERY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Christina M. Tringides, David J. Mooney
Summary: Surface electrode arrays are mainly made of rigid or elastic materials and ductile metal films, offering limited stretchability. They are often repurposed for different tissues without optimizing the materials and mechanical properties for the specific application. To improve tissue interfaces and reduce damage, it is important to characterize the biological environment and design technology accordingly for each specific organ.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Sai Prasad Ega, Palaniappan Srinivasan
Summary: This article provides a review of the classification of supercapacitors, focusing on the performance of supercapacitors with carbon-quinone composites as electrodes, and discusses the impact of combining quinones with carbon materials using different methods on the overall performance of supercapacitors. The advantages and drawbacks of using quinones in supercapacitors, as well as future directions towards commercialization, are summarized.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ujwal Boddeti, Darrian McAfee, Anas Khan, Muzna Bachani, Alexander Ksendzovsky
Summary: This review introduces the clinical management of epilepsy and the steps involved in surgical intervention. It discusses the emergence and therapeutic mechanism of responsive neurostimulation (RNS), a neuromodulatory device that uses recorded ECoG data to control seizures. The review explores the underperformance of RNS despite improved seizure detection mechanisms, and suggests the potential utility of incorporating machine learning techniques and adjusting stimulation targets based on the network theory of epilepsy. The current and future status of neuromodulation in epilepsy management, as well as the role of predictive algorithms, are also discussed.
Article
Immunology
Robert Thanert, Eric C. Keen, Gautam Dantas, Barbara B. Warner, Phillip Tarr
Summary: Decades of research have yet to fully understand the pathophysiology of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a severe pediatric gastrointestinal disorder. Evidence suggests that host-microbiota interactions play a crucial role in NEC development. Greater understanding of the preterm infant microbiome could lead to enhanced diagnostics, treatments, and preventive measures for NEC.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Lili Mao, Zhonghui Qi, Li Zhang, Jun Guo, Lu Si
Summary: Acral and mucosal melanomas are rare in Caucasians but predominant in Asians, displaying aggressive phenotypes and similar genetic landscapes. Current therapies show limited benefit for these subtypes, and mechanisms contributing to disparities remain unclear. Early diagnosis and effective interventions for these melanoma subtypes are crucial.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rene R. Sevag Packard
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR CARDIOLOGY
(2020)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
John R. Votaw, Rene R. Sevag Packard
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR CARDIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Junjie Chen, Rene R. Sevag Packard
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2020)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jeremy Jong, Rene R. Sevag Packard
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Muhammad Owais Khan, Justin S. Tran, Han Zhu, Jack Boyd, Rene R. Sevag Packard, Ronald P. Karlsberg, Andrew M. Kahn, Alison L. Marsden
Summary: Biomechanical forces may play a key role in saphenous vein graft disease after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Computational fluid dynamic modeling has the potential to identify high-risk patients who may benefit from more aggressive medical therapy and closer surveillance. Further studies are needed to develop clinically available tools for predicting SVG failure post-CABG.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rene R. Sevag Packard, C. David Cooke, Kenneth F. Van Train, John R. Votaw, James W. Sayre, Joel L. Lazewatsky, Kelly M. Champagne, Cesare Orlandi, Ernest Garcia, Jamshid Maddahi
Summary: This study developed an automated relative perfusion quantitation approach for PET MPI. The results showed that both automated relative quantitation and visual reads yielded comparable accuracies for the detection of global CAD, with the former demonstrating better interobserver agreement.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Yichen Ding, Varun Gudapati, Ruiyuan Lin, Yanan Fei, Rene R. Sevag Packard, Sibo Song, Chih-Chiang Chang, Kyung In Baek, Zhaoqiang Wang, Mehrdad Roustaei, Dengfeng Kuang, C-C Jay Kuo, Tzung K. Hsiai
Summary: The combination of Saak transform, machine learning, and edge detection allows for efficient and accurate quantification of cardiac ultra-structure, improving segmentation efficiency and ensuring the accuracy and robustness of the images. This new methodology enhances segmentation efficiency by 20-fold compared to manual processing.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Rene R. Sevag Packard, Joel L. Lazewatsky, Cesare Orlandi, Jamshid Maddahi
Summary: The study found that in patients with smaller LVs, the diagnostic performance of F-18-flurpiridaz PET MPI was superior to SPECT MPI, highlighting the importance of appropriate test selection in these patients.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rene R. Sevag Packard, John R. Votaw, C. David Cooke, Kenneth F. Van Train, Ernest Garcia, Jamshid Maddahi
Summary: This study investigated the feasibility and diagnostic performance of segmental F-18-flurpiridaz myocardial blood flow (MBF) measurement, finding that segmental flow metrics had higher diagnostic performance compared to territory metrics, with SMBF showing the most significant improvement in moderate coronary artery disease (CAD) when combined with relative perfusion quantitation (PQ).
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rene R. Sevag Packard, Eric H. Yang
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Junjie Chen, Douglas J. Chapski, Jeremy Jong, Jerome Awada, Yijie Wang, Dennis J. Slamon, Thomas M. Vondriska, Rene R. Sevag Packard
Summary: Anthracyclines are effective chemotherapeutic agents, but their use is limited by cardiotoxicity. The role of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (Igfbp-3) in anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity (AIC) is unclear. Through experiments with cardiomyocytes, we found that Igfbp-3 is induced by anthracyclines in an effort to mitigate AIC by reducing DNA damage, inhibiting topoisomerase II beta expression, alleviating microtubule accumulation, and improving contractility.
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sthuthi David, Rene R. Sevag Packard
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Michael Chen, Shone O. Almeida, James W. Sayre, Ronald P. Karlsberg, Rene R. Sevag Packard
Summary: This study evaluated the feasibility of distal-vessel FFR-CT as an integrated measure of epicardial CAD that can be followed serially. The results identified a four-parameter model consisting of stenosis diameter ratio, lumen volume, low density plaque volume, and age, that best predicted distal-vessel FFR-CT.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jie Yuan, Sohail S. S. Hassan, Jiaojiao Wu, Casey R. R. Koger, Rene R. Sevag Packard, Feng Shi, Baowei Fei, Yichen Ding
Summary: Extended reality (XR) allows users to be immersed in a virtual environment, with biomedical research and applications being the focus of discussion in this article. XR encompasses virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR), providing various levels of immersion and interaction. While VR fully immerses users in a virtual environment, AR and MR overlay virtual objects onto the real world. XR has extensive applications in entertainment, education, and biomedicine, with transformative opportunities for research and healthcare.
NATURE REVIEWS METHODS PRIMERS
(2023)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Junjie Chen, Ashley J. Zhu, Rene R. S. Packard, Thomas M. Vondriska, Douglas J. Chapski
Summary: Researchers have developed genomeSidekick, a graphical user interface that allows scientists to analyze genomic data without bioinformatics training. It provides various functions, such as bespoke analysis, visualization of omics data, performing Gene Ontology analyses, and querying PubMed.
FRONTIERS IN BIOINFORMATICS
(2022)