Review
Oncology
RamaRao Malla, Kiran Puvalachetty, Rahul K. Vempati, Rakshmitha Marni, Neha Merchant, Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju
Summary: The interplay between cancer stem cells, exosomes, and circulatory tumor cells in breast cancer has been discussed. They communicate with stromal and immune cells to promote metastasis and induce epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) involved in metastasis.
CLINICAL BREAST CANCER
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Ye Jin, Jianming Xing, Kejin Xu, Da Liu, Yue Zhuo
Summary: Exosomes, produced by endosomes, play a crucial role in intercellular communication. Over the past few decades, there has been growing recognition of the importance of exosomes in the tumor microenvironment and their connection to cancer development. This paper discusses the composition, generation, uptake, and roles of exosomes in tumor metastasis, angiogenesis, and immunosuppression. Understanding the biological characteristics of exosomes and their functions in tumor development is significant for identifying new diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Akira Yokoi, Takahiro Ochiya
Summary: This review summarizes recent studies on EVs from the perspective of EV heterogeneity and highlights their role in various steps from oncogenic to metastatic processes. Recognizing EV subtypes is crucial for identifying pathways affected by EVs and targeting specific subtypes in therapeutic approaches or liquid biopsies.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Daniela Vega-Mendoza, Alicia Canas-Linares, Angel Flores-Alcantar, Roberto Espinosa-Neira, Erika Melchy-Perez, Rosario Vera-Estrella, Constance Auvynet, Yvonne Rosenstein
Summary: The aberrant expression of CD43 in nonhematopoietic malignant tumors has been shown to correlate with poor prognosis, promoting tumor development by enhancing motility, growth, and protection against cell lysis. In lung cancer, CD43 plays a significant role in remodeling the tumor microenvironment through the secretion of specific molecules.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kylie G. Nairon, Thomas J. DePalma, Joshua M. Zent, Jennifer L. Leight, Aleksander Skardal
Summary: Primary tumors secrete factors that can influence the microenvironment and promote metastasis. In this study, biofabricated models were used to investigate the matrix changes induced by colorectal cancer-secreted factors. The findings suggest that these factors can activate fibroblasts, inhibit pericytes, and lead to collagen degradation, deposition, and remodeling. These results provide insights into the mechanisms of tumor metastasis.
Review
Oncology
Wanzhen Xu, Manfeng Wang, Yang Bai, Yong Chen, Xiaoshan Ma, Zhiqing Yang, Liyan Zhao, Yunqian Li
Summary: This article reviews the possible mechanism of MFAP2 in tumorigenesis and progression, providing a reference for clinical prognosis and the discovery of new therapeutic targets.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eduardo Duran-Jara, Tamara Vera-Tobar, Lorena De Lourdes Lobos-Gonzalez
Summary: Lactadherin is associated with cancer development and progression, and can serve as a biomarker and therapeutic target for cancer. It plays important roles in cell adhesion, angiogenesis, and tissue regeneration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Liming Li, Jiafu Mu, Yu Zhang, Chenyang Zhang, Teng Ma, Lu Chen, Tianchen Huang, Jiahe Wu, Jian Cao, Shiqing Feng, Youzhi Cai, Min Han, Jianqing Gao
Summary: This study found that exosomes derived from hypoxic preconditioned human umbilical vein endothelial cells can stimulate angiogenic MSCs, showing great potential in the treatment of traumatic spinal cord injury.
Review
Oncology
Ikjot S. Sohal, Andrea L. Kasinski
Summary: Extracellular vesicles have shifted from being considered as waste bags to critical mediators of cancer progression, due to their ability to cross biological barriers and regulate signaling in various stages of cancer. They are not only excellent biomarkers but also important in cancer initiation, metabolic reprogramming, angiogenesis, immune modulation, therapy resistance, and metastasis. This review also discusses emerging subtypes of extracellular vesicles and highlights gaps in our understanding of their biology in cancer.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Huidan Luo, Bin Yi
Summary: Exosomes, as nanoscale membrane vesicles, are important for cell communication and can serve as non-invasive liquid biopsy biomarkers in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. They play a role in regulating physiological processes of the tumor and have implications in cell growth, angiogenesis, metastasis, immunosuppression, radiation resistance, and chemotherapy resistance in NPC.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Suzann Duan, Senny Nordmeier, Aidan E. Byrnes, Iain L. O. Buxton
Summary: The study found that nucleoside diphosphate kinase A and B (NDPK) secreted by breast cancer cells can promote endothelial cell migration and disrupt monolayer integrity, facilitating the formation of a pre-metastatic lung niche and metastatic outgrowth. Experimental results showed that treatment with an NDPK inhibitor or a P2Y1 purinoreceptor antagonist can attenuate pulmonary vascular leakage and enhance experimental lung metastasis in mice.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Sadegh Safaei, Roya Sajed, Ahmad Shariftabrizi, Shima Dorafshan, Leili Saeednejad Zanjani, Masoumeh Dehghan Manshadi, Zahra Madjd, Roya Ghods
Summary: Matrix stiffness is a mechanical characteristic of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that increases from the tumor core to the tumor periphery in a gradient pattern in a variety of solid tumors and can promote proliferation, invasion, metastasis, drug resistance, and recurrence. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a rare subpopulation of tumor cells with self-renewal, asymmetric cell division, and differentiation capabilities. Evidence suggests that matrix stiffness can activate receptors and mechanosensor/mechanoregulator proteins such as integrin, FAK, and YAP, modulating the characteristics of tumor cells as well as CSCs through different molecular signaling pathways. A deeper understanding of the effect of matrix stiffness on CSCs characteristics could lead to development of innovative cancer therapies.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fereshteh Nazari-Khanamiri, Nima Abdyazdani, Reza Abbasi, Mahdi Ahmadi, Jafar Rezaie
Summary: Exosomes are membrane-bound nanoparticles that originated from eukaryotic cells and contribute to intracellular communication. Noncoding RNAs carried by exosomes play important roles in tumor angiogenesis, with some promoting tumor progression and others inhibiting angiogenesis. Understanding the roles of exosomal noncoding RNAs can aid in the development of exosome-based cancer therapies and biomarkers.
CELL BIOCHEMISTRY AND FUNCTION
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Theresa Akoto, Sharanjot Saini
Summary: Prostate cancer is a life-threatening disease among men globally, with metastasis being the major cause of mortality. Cell-to-cell communication plays a crucial role in the progression and metastasis of prostate cancer, with exosomes/extracellular vesicles demonstrating significant involvement in signaling pathways related to metastasis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Jamie L. Null, Dae Joong Kim, V. James McCann, Patcharin Pramoonjago, Jay W. Fox, Jianhao Zeng, Pankaj Kumar, Lincy Edatt, Chad Pecot, Andrew C. Dudley
Summary: Cancer cell dissemination to sentinel lymph nodes is associated with poor patient outcomes, particularly in breast cancer. The process by which cancer cells egress from the primary tumor upon interfacing with the lymphatic vasculature is complex and driven by dynamic interactions between cancer cells and stromal cells, includ-ing cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF).