Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Austin M. Meadows, Madelyn M. Skinner, Alaa A. Hazime, Russell G. Day, Jessi A. Fore, Charles S. Day
Summary: Significant gaps in gender and racial diversity have existed in various medical specialties for the past 50 years, despite the benefits of a diverse physician workforce. This study investigated the changes in academic medical leadership diversity from 2007 to 2019 and compared the leadership diversity of different specialties with the overall averages.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
John E. Krstacic, Brendan M. Carr, Ashutosh R. Yaligar, Annet S. Kuruvilla, Joshua S. Helali, Jamie Saragossi, Chencan Zhu, Robert Hutnik, Mohammad Noubani, Jie Yang, Henry J. Tannous, A. Laurie W. Shroyer
Summary: This study investigates the gender inequality in medical research journals, focusing on the three highest-impact journals: New England Journal of Medicine, Journal of the American Medical Association, and Lancet. The results show that women authors have lower publication rates and face disparities in citation counts, co-authors, degrees, and publication types compared to their male counterparts. The gender gap has persisted since 2002 and has not improved over time. Gender alignment among co-authors may be a potential strategy to reduce gender inequities, but further investigation is needed.
Article
Surgery
Chukwuma N. Eruchalu, Katherine He, James C. Etheridge, Christine Wu, Stanley W. Ashley, Stephanie L. Nitzschke, Douglas S. Smink, Nancy L. Cho
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between gender, race/ethnicity, and surgery resident case volumes. The results show that female and underrepresented in medicine (URM) residents perform fewer teaching assistant (TA) and major cases compared to male non-URM residents. This disparity may contribute to reduced operative autonomy, confidence, and entrustment. Prioritizing gender and URM parity may help decrease case volume gaps among underrepresented residents.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Giang L. Ha, Eric J. Lehrer, Ming Wang, Emma Holliday, Reshma Jagsi, Nicholas G. Zaorsky
Summary: Despite equal numbers of men and women entering medical school, women are underrepresented in the upper echelons of academic medicine and receive less compensation and research funding. Studies have shown that women consistently have lower h-indexes than men across various specialties and academic ranks. Future research is needed to understand the causes of these differences and promote gender equality in academic medicine.
Article
Orthopedics
Lucy R. O'Sullivan, Frances S. Shofer, M. Kit Delgado, Anish K. Agarwal, Casey Humbyrd
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether there are disparities in opioid prescribing after orthopaedic procedures based on race or ethnicity. The results showed that in this academic health system, there were no differences in opioid prescribing among different racial or ethnic groups.
CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jackson B. Pickett, Paul Savala
Summary: Openings for an assistant professor attract many applicants, and the number and rate of publication have opposite effects on the years to promotion. Postgraduate experience and research group size also influence a professor's career.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alexander Pomerantz, Heidi G. De Souza, Matthew Hall, Mark I. Neuman, Monika K. Goyal, Margaret E. Samuels-Kalow, Paul L. Aronson, Elizabeth R. Alpern, Harold K. Simon, Jennifer A. Hoffmann, Jordee M. Wells, Kristen H. Shanahan, Colleen K. Gutman, Alon Peltz
Summary: Government and commercial health insurers have implemented policies to reduce or deny claims for nonemergent emergency department (ED) visits using retrospective claims algorithms. There are concerns about the unequal impact on low-income Black and Hispanic pediatric patients who often have limited access to primary care services.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Lawrence Baker, Brian Phillips, Laura J. Faherty, Jeanne S. Ringel, Ashley M. Kranz
Summary: This study investigated racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 vaccine uptake. The findings showed that the uptake rate of the first dose was higher among Hispanic and Asian individuals compared to White and Black individuals, while the uptake rate of the booster dose was higher among Asian and White individuals compared to Black and Hispanic individuals.
Article
Family Studies
Floor Middel, Monica Lopez Lopez, John Fluke, Hans Grietens
Summary: A study investigated racial/ethnic and gender disparities in child protection decision-making and explored whether these disparities were mediated by stereotypes. Though no significant association between stereotypes and disparities was found, the study revealed that perceptions of morality impacted decision-making processes.
CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Katherine VanHise, Erica T. Wang, Keith Norris, Ricardo Azziz, Margareta D. Pisarska, Jessica L. Chan
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects women worldwide. There are racial and ethnic differences in PCOS phenotypes and metabolic dysfunction. This review summarizes the current literature on disparities in PCOS diagnosis and outcomes in the United States. Future studies should focus on racial and ethnic-specific differences in PCOS and include a diverse population in PCOS research.
FERTILITY AND STERILITY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Ana R. Acuna-Villaorduna, Juan Lin, Mimi Kim, Sanjay Goel
Summary: Early-onset colorectal cancer is more common in Non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic populations, with differences in clinical/pathological features and cancer-specific survival compared to Non-Hispanic White populations.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ayesha C. Sujan, Nerissa Nance, Charles Quesenberry, Kathryn Ridout, Mibhali Bhalala, Lyndsay A. Avalos
Summary: This study found racial and ethnic differences in perinatal depression and anxiety. Asian individuals had a lower risk of perinatal depression and anxiety but a higher risk of severe depression during pregnancy. Non-Hispanic Black individuals had a higher risk of perinatal depression and anxiety. Hispanic individuals had a lower risk of depression during pregnancy but a higher risk of postpartum depression and severe depression during and after pregnancy. Targeted prevention, intervention, and destigmatization efforts should be implemented for different racial and ethnic groups.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Tanya Anand, Muhammad Khurrum, Mohamad Chehab, Letitia Bible, Samer Asmar, Molly Douglas, Michael Ditillo, Lynn Gries, Bellal Joseph
Summary: The study found that in frail geriatric trauma patients, White patients were more likely to face mortality and in-hospital complications, and more likely to be discharged to skilled nursing facilities. Moreover, non-Hispanics were more likely to be discharged to SNF and less likely to be discharged home, with no significant difference in in-hospital mortality between Hispanics and non-Hispanics.
WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2021)
Review
Surgery
Sidra N. Bonner, Chloe A. Powell, James W. Stewart, Lesly A. Dossett
Summary: This review discusses effective interventions at multiple levels to reduce racial and ethnic disparities in surgical care, emphasizing the importance of evidence-based approaches and the need for further research. Implementing these interventions and prioritizing funding for intervention-based research are crucial for achieving surgical equity.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nuha Mahmood, Emma V. Sanchez-Vaznaugh, Mika Matsuzaki, Brisa N. Sanchez
Summary: Recent studies show that racial/ethnic health disparities disappear in racially integrated communities, indicating that place, not race, plays a significant role in shaping these disparities. This study examines this theory among children and finds that school segregation is a major contributor to childhood obesity disparities.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Raffaele Vacca, Christopher McCarty, Michael Conlon, David R. Nelson
CTS-CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2015)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Allison L. Hopkins, John Richard Stepp, Christopher McCarty, Judith S. Gordon
JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE
(2015)
Article
Rehabilitation
Consuelo M. Kreider, Roxanna M. Bendixen, Mary Ellen Young, Stephanie M. Prudencio, Christopher McCarty, William C. Mann
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY-REVUE CANADIENNE D ERGOTHERAPIE
(2016)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Valerio Leone Sciabolazza, Raffaele Vacca, Therese Kennelly Okraku, Christopher McCarty
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Therese Kennelly Okraku, Raffaele Vacca, James W. Jawitz, Christopher McCarty
Article
Substance Abuse
Yeon Jung Yu, Christopher McCarty, Bo Wang
SUBSTANCE USE & MISUSE
(2018)
Article
Limnology
Hollie R. Hall, Christopher McCarty, Mark W. Clark
LAKE AND RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT
(2014)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kia C. Fuller, Christopher McCarty, Cynthia Seaborn, Clarence C. Gravlee, Connie J. Mulligan
Article
Anthropology
Nicholas C. Kawa, Jose A. Clavijo Michelangeli, Jessica L. Clark, Daniel Ginsberg, Christopher McCarty
AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST
(2019)
Article
Anthropology
Yeon Jung Yu, Christopher McCarty, James Holland Jones
HUMAN ORGANIZATION
(2018)
Article
Anthropology
Yeon Jung Yu, Christopher McCarty, James Holland Jones, Xiaoming Li
HUMAN ORGANIZATION
(2016)
Article
Substance Abuse
HyunSoo Kim, Elizabeth Tracy, Suzanne Brown, MinKyoung Jun, Hyunyong Park, Meeyoung Min, Chris McCarty
ADDICTION RESEARCH & THEORY
(2015)
Article
Rehabilitation
Consuelo M. Kreider, Roxanna M. Bendixen, William C. Mann, Mary Ellen Young, Christopher McCarty
OTJR-OCCUPATION PARTICIPATION AND HEALTH
(2015)
Article
Development Studies
Sam Schramski, Christopher McCarty, Grenville Barnes
CLIMATE AND DEVELOPMENT
(2018)
Article
Anthropology
Raffaele Vacca, Giacomo Solano, Miranda Jessica Lubbers, Jose Luis Molina, Christopher McCarty