Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sangita Bansal, Manoj K. Sharma, Shivangi Singh, Parampara Joshi, Pooja Pathania, Era V. Malhotra, S. Rajkumar, Pragati Misra
Summary: A study was conducted to develop an improved and efficient in vitro regeneration protocol for mass multiplication of Cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium). Different phytohormonal combinations were tested, and indirect organogenesis with intervening callus phase was observed on the majority of the media combinations. Meristematic clump formation and shoot primordia formation were optimally achieved on specific media combinations. Adventitious shoots were successfully rooted on a medium supplemented with IBA and IAA. Genetic stability analysis using ISSR primers showed that the regenerated plants were homogeneous with the mother plants.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Reema Vareen Diengdoh, Meera Chettri Das, Alvareen Nongsiang, Suman Kumaria
Summary: Paphiopedilum villosum is a horticulturally important orchid that is widely traded for its long shelf-life flowers. The study evaluates the effects of nutrient media and phytohormones on shoot multiplication and seedling proliferation of P. villosum using in vitro techniques. The optimal medium for shoot proliferation and root development was found to be Murashige and Skoog (MS) with the highest response of 70.8% in seedling development. The protocol described in this study is of great importance in controlling the over-exploitation of P. villosum and enhancing its large-scale propagation and conservation.
SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Horticulture
Linling Yao, Jialin Huang, Shibao Zhang
Summary: Paphiopedilum tigrinum, an endangered orchid with high ornamental value, faces challenges in seed germination and seedling regeneration. The study identified browning during germination and difficulty in rooting as major obstacles. By establishing suitable culture conditions, an effective protocol for seed germination and seedling regeneration was developed.
Article
Optics
Eric Numkam Fokoua, Vincent Michaud-Belleau, Jerome Genest, Radan Slavik, Francesco Poletti
Summary: In this study, we conducted a theoretical analysis on the basic physical mechanisms contributing to backscattering in hollow-core antiresonant fibers, deriving general scaling relations with core size and wavelength. Experimental data for a nested antiresonant hollow-core fiber with a core diameter of 35 μm showed that the backscattering coefficient of the fundamental mode is nearly 40 dB below that of a single mode fiber.
Article
Plant Sciences
Monika Poniewozik, Marzena Parzymies, Pawel Szot, Katarzyna Rubinowska
Summary: The research found that a concentration of 1 mg.dm(-3) of IAA or IBA is the optimal concentration for promoting in vitro rooting of Paphiopedilum plants, and transplanting these plantlets into an orchid substrate yielded the best results.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yin Sun, Peishan Zou, Nannan Jiang, Yifu Fang, Guofeng Liu
Summary: This study sequenced the complete chloroplast genomes of six Paphiopedilum species and identified ten highly variable regions that could serve as potential DNA barcodes or phylogenetic markers. The results also demonstrated that chloroplast genome sequencing is an effective means in resolving the complex relationship in Paphiopedilum.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Shaohua Zhang, Zhenglan Zhou, Yuan Zhou, Huafeng Xu, Yangsheng Yuan, Yashuai Han, Zhengxian Zhou, Baoli Yao, Jun Qu
Summary: The propagation characteristics of twisted Gaussian Schell-model (TGSM) beams in strongly nonlocal nonlinear medium (SNNM) are studied based on the Snyder-Mitchell linear model and the cross-spectral density (CSD) function. It is found that the soliton radius is jointly determined by the initial power, coherence length, and twist factor, while the degree of spatial coherence can be adjusted by changing the twist factor without affecting the soliton intensity. In the case of non-soliton properties, there is a threshold of coherence length which makes partially coherent beams have the same evolution law as completely coherent beams. Furthermore, increasing the twist factor, decreasing the coherence length, and initial power can improve the beam quality of the beam propagating in SNNM.
Article
Acoustics
Wenjie Guo, Zhou Yang, Yueyang Han
Summary: This study focuses on the vibration response and far-field sound radiation of a semisubmerged, finite cylindrical shell with low-frequency excitation. The problem is solved using wave propagation method, Fourier transform technique, and boundary element method. It is found that the maximum value of sound pressure always appears directly under the structure, especially when driving frequencies are relatively low. The method presented in this study is simple, reliable, and efficient for predicting the vibration and far-field sound pressure of such cylindrical shells.
SHOCK AND VIBRATION
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Nikko Brix, Daniel Samaga, Claus Belka, Horst Zitzelsberger, Kirsten Lauber
Summary: The clonogenic assay is a widely used method to measure the ability of single cells to form colonies in vitro, important for identifying and quantifying self-renewing mammalian cells. Different assay principles have been developed to accommodate various research questions and growth requirements of individual cell model systems. Mathematical analysis is essential for optimizing the determination of clonogenic growth parameters.
Article
Plant Sciences
Xiuling Li, Jizheng Fan, Shuming Luo, Ling Yin, Hongying Liao, Xueqiang Cui, Jingzhou He, Yanhua Zeng, Junjie Qu, Zhaoyang Bu
Summary: The molecular mechanism underlying flower color variation in Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum involves changes in anthocyanin and flavonoid contents, as well as the regulation of transcription factors associated with key structural genes in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. Identifying these genes provides potential targets for breeding P. hirsutissimum with different flower color patterns.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Dongshuai Li, Alejandro Luque, Nikolai G. Lehtinen, F. J. Gordillo-Vazquez, Torsten Neubert, Gaopeng Lu, Olivier Chanrion, Hongbo Zhang, Nikolai Ostgaard, Victor Reglero
Summary: This study investigates lightning initiation inside thunderclouds by monitoring optical emissions and radio observations. The researchers uncover a new type of event that contains multiple optical and radio pulses. The first optical pulse coincides with a strong radio signal, while subsequent optical pulses, delayed by milliseconds, have weaker radio signals, indicating a difference between isolated electrical discharges and lightning-initiating discharges.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ahmed Madi Waheed Al-Mayahi
Summary: This study investigated the effects of combined drought and salt stresses on the growth and biochemical constituents of date palm plants. The results showed that the application of iron nanoparticles (IONPs) and salicylic acid (SA) at optimal concentrations enhanced plant growth, increased organic solute contents, and improved antioxidant enzyme activities. The combined application of IONPs and SA proved to be an effective strategy for enhancing the drought and salt stress tolerance of date palm plants.
SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Na Wang, Xiaogang Xu, Li Xiao, Yang Liu
Summary: Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a significant pathogen in respiratory tract infections and macrolides are the primary treatment. However, resistance to macrolides is increasing worldwide, making it difficult to treat. This study focused on finding new treatment strategies and investigating resistance mechanisms in Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Meng Cui, Xin Gao, Yihong Chi, Meng Zhang, Hepu Lin, Hewen Chen, Caihong Sun, Xiaodong Ma
Summary: PDGFRA alterations are significantly associated with the occurrence and poor prognosis of ccGBM. ccGBM with PDGFRAamp/mut may be classified as a single subtype of GBM that has a similar survival rate to DMG. PDGFR inhibitors may be a promising treatment method for ccGBM.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Xinyan Deng, Chao Hu, Chengzhi Xie, Aixian Lu, Yibo Luo, Tao Peng, Weichang Huang
Summary: Research reveals that the floral color of Paphiopedilum micranthum is determined by specific genes and transcription factors associated with pigment biosynthesis pathways.
Article
Horticulture
Peng Jia, Rui Yan, Yuan Wang, Feng-huan Gao, Yang Liu, Qing-long Dong, Hao-an Luan, Xue-mei Zhang, Han Li, Su-ping Guo, Guo-hui Qi
Summary: The KNOX gene plays crucial roles in plant development, and this study identified 19 KNOX gene members in kiwifruit. One of the genes, AcKNOX11, is selectively expressed in flower buds and shoots, and its expression can be induced by ABA and melatonin. Functional analysis revealed that AcKNOX11 delays flowering, reduces plant height, alters leaf shape, and inhibits seed germination through ABA-melatonin interaction.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2024)
Article
Horticulture
Dan Hua, Wen-Shu Chen, Rong-Yu Rao, Xu-Feng Chen, Huan-Huan Chen, Ning-Wei Lai, Lin-Tong Yang, Xin Ye, Li -Song Chen
Summary: This study revealed that nitrogen deficiency can lead to increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and methylglyoxal (MG), but also enhances the ability of leaves and roots to detoxify these molecules. The effects of nitrogen deficiency on ROS and MG generation and their detoxification systems were found to be different in leaves and roots, with roots being more affected.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2024)
Article
Horticulture
Shenghan Yang, Chonlong Chio, Wensheng Qin, Yanxi Pei, Guangpeng Pei, Yuen Zhu, Hua Li
Summary: This study evaluates the immobilization and deactivation of pathogen-produced enzymes and toxic metabolites by biochar in tomato Fusarium wilt and finds that biochar can effectively prevent disease occurrence.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2024)
Article
Horticulture
Deborah Pagliaccia, Michelle Ortiz, Michael Rodriguez, Sophia Abbott, Agustina De Francesco, Madison Amador, Valeria Lavagi, Benjamin Maki, Francesca Hopkins, Jonathan Kaplan, Samantha Ying, Georgios Vidalakis
Summary: This study investigates the effectiveness of organic soil amendments (bokashi, biochar, and their combination) in promoting soil health, nutrient availability, and plant growth. The results show that these amendments can significantly alter soil parameters and have positive effects on soil and plant health.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2024)
Article
Horticulture
Yu-Jeong Kwon, Min Jeong Hong, Minkyu Park, Dawon Jeon, Gah-Hyun Lim, Sungyul Chang, Dong-Hwan Kim, Jin-Baek Kim, Jundae Lee, Yeong Deuk Jo
Summary: Flowing LOCUS T (FT)-like genes play crucial roles in flowering induction in plants. Pepper FT-like genes are mostly expressed in leaves and interact with FLOWERING LOCUS D, promoting or delaying flowering. The unique evolutionary process of pepper FT-like genes provides insights for improving productivity.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2024)
Article
Horticulture
Ziwen Su, Juan Yan, Binbin Zhang, Meng Sun, Zhixiang Cai, Zhijun Shen, Ruijuan Ma, Mingliang Yu
Summary: Bagging is a crucial cultivation measure that affects the quality of peach fruit by regulating exposure to light. This study investigated the effects of bagging on the content of phenolic compounds in peach fruit and identified the most sensitive compounds to bagging treatment. The study also explored the regulatory role of bagging on phenolic synthetic-related genes. The results showed that bagging affected the accumulation of different phenolics in different peach cultivars and light intensity played a significant role in the accumulation of anthocyanins and other phenolic substances in peach fruit. Additionally, the expression of structural genes and transcription factors related to phenolic synthesis was regulated by bagging and light conditions. These findings provide a foundation for understanding the regulation mechanism of light on the synthesis of phenolic compounds in peach fruit.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2024)
Article
Horticulture
Yanfang Zhang, Xinzhi Cui, Zhilei Du, Xiulian Li, Bangdi Liu, Meng Liu, Xiangquan Zeng, Fengjun Guo, Xinguang Fan, Shuyang Sun
Summary: In this study, melatonin treatment effectively improved the aroma quality of apricots during low temperature storage by maintaining firmness and soluble solids content, inhibiting ethylene production, and regulating enzyme activities related to aroma synthesis.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2024)
Article
Horticulture
Sang-Mo Kang, Shifa Shaffique, Md. Injamum-Ul-Hoque, Sarah Owdah Alomrani, Yong-Sung Park, In-Jung Lee
Summary: Salinity is a global environmental problem that affects the physiology and morphology of plants. Melatonin has been found to improve photosynthesis, antioxidant activities, and seedling characteristics in milk thistle plants exposed to salinity stress, thereby enhancing their salt tolerance.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2024)
Article
Horticulture
Nadia Borgini, Haifa Benmoussa, Mohamed Ghrab, Mehdi Ben Mimoun
Summary: This study investigates the agroclimatic requirements of Prunus species cultivars growing in warm areas using Partial Least Squares regression. The findings reveal that the chilling and heat requirements of the cultivars appear discontinuous, with overlaps or transition periods between the two phases. The warm mean temperatures occurring during the chilling period are the main determinant of the flowering of the studied cultivars.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2024)
Review
Horticulture
Kayise Hypercia Maseko, Thierry Regnier, Belinda Meiring, Obiro Cuthbert Wokadala, Tonna Ashim Anyasi
Summary: Bananas are a significant tropical fruit with diverse cultivars, providing essential minerals, vitamins, and phytochemicals. The Cavendish group is preferred, but identifying suitable cultivars and maturity stages is crucial for various applications.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2024)
Article
Horticulture
Godfrey Ouma, Joshua Wanyama, Isa Kabenge, Joseph Jjagwe, Mukulu Diana, John Muyonga
Summary: Irrigation plays a crucial role in increasing eggplant yields amidst climate change, but the deficit irrigation level for optimal growth remains uncertain. This study examined the effect of deficit drip irrigation on eggplant performance and found that irrigating at 75% field capacity maximizes yield and water saving in sandy clay loam soil.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2024)
Article
Horticulture
Andrea Marcone, Giorgio Impollonia, Michele Croci, Henri Blandinieres, Stefano Amaducci
Summary: This study used Sentinel-2 satellite images to estimate biophysical and biochemical parameters of spinach crops and found that canopy-level parameters were estimated more accurately. The estimation of the canopy-scale parameter AGB using MCARI showed the highest accuracy, while the estimation of the leaf-scale parameter LCC using NDWI showed the lowest accuracy. At the field scale, the validation results for AGB estimation using SR were the best.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2024)
Article
Horticulture
Chengsheng Gong, Guangjun Guo, Baogui Pan, Changzhou Gao, Xianwei Zhu, Shubin Wang, Jinbing Liu, Weiping Diao
Summary: This study investigated the role of key cytokines and metabolic factors in the formation of plant-type traits in pepper. Through integrated analysis of RNA-seq and metabolite determination, the study identified the low content of gibberellin and high content of auxin as important factors causing plant dwarfing, and jasmonic acid as a metabolic factor affecting branch traits. A total of 131 candidate genes involved in metabolite synthesis and the formation of plant-type traits were identified.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2024)
Article
Horticulture
Yue Ma, Jia-Chen Hu, Yang Yu, Xin Cheng, Yan-Li Du, Qiang Zhao, Ji-Dao Du
Summary: Cadmium and drought stress significantly inhibited the growth of adzuki bean seedling plants, with the combined stress showing the highest degree of inhibition. Cd+D treatment reduced Cd accumulation in adzuki bean seedling roots. The treatment altered antioxidant enzyme activities and cell cycle phases in the roots, leading to changes in reactive oxygen species content.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2024)
Article
Horticulture
Lucette Adet, Danae M. A. Rozendaal, Arthur Tapi, Pieter A. Zuidema, Philippe Vaast, Niels P. R. Anten
Summary: This study investigated the effects of water stress on cocoa trees and found that they are highly sensitive to water stress, with different genotypes exhibiting varied responses. Potassium application did not mitigate the negative effects of water stress. There was significant variation among genotypes in terms of leaf and crown traits, and positive interactions between genotype and irrigation were observed. These findings provide insights into the acclimation strategies of cocoa trees and can be useful for selecting drought-tolerant genotypes.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2024)