Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Qingyao Liu, Yongkang Gai, Yaqi Chen, Xiaoli Lan, Dawei Jiang
Summary: Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) demonstrates promising potential as a drug delivery system for tumor treatment due to its facultative anaerobic property that allows it to selectively colonize in the hypoxic area of tumors. By engineering EcN as a bacteria-based microrobot, it can be utilized for molecular imaging, drug delivery, and gene delivery in cancer therapy.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yiwei He, Yuqing Zhang, Yuanchuan Gong, Zhewei Zhang, Tiancheng Xu, Liqiang Tian, Ting Pan, Hong Yang, Hao Pan, Quanming Kou, Hao Wang, Guoliang Shao
Summary: In this study, nano-assembled microspheres (NAMs) capable of multimodal imaging and loading drugs with different charges were designed. They showed good imaging ability, drug loading, and biological safety, indicating great potential for transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) treatment of liver tumors.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qian Liu, Jia Huang, Longwei He, Xuefeng Yang, Lin Yuan, Dan Cheng
Summary: Liver cancer is a highly prevalent and deadly malignant tumor. The traditional treatment method of hepatectomy is limited by the difficulty of accurately distinguishing tumor tissue, leading to ambiguous resection results and high recurrence rates. Molecular fluorescent probes, with their advantages of non-invasiveness, high sensitivity, and real-time imaging, have been extensively studied for liver cancer imaging and therapy. This review provides a brief introduction to the recent developments of always-on and activatable fluorescent probes in liver cancer imaging and therapy, as well as discussing potential challenges for their clinical application.
CHEMISTRY-AN ASIAN JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Acoustics
Robert M. Pohlman, James L. Hinshaw, Timothy J. Ziemlewicz, Meghan G. Lubner, Shane A. Wells, Fred T. Lee, Marci L. Alexander, Kelly L. Wergin, Tomy Varghese
Summary: Electrode displacement elastography (EDE) can accurately evaluate ablation margins during microwave ablation (MWA) for liver cancer, potentially assisting in differentiating tumors and ablated zones during clinical ablations.
ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Huan Li, Zijuan Hai, Liwei Zou, Lele Zhang, Lulu Wang, Longsheng Wang, Gaolin Liang
Summary: This study found that a gadolinium nanoparticle, instructed by gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and formed intracellularly, exhibits different magnetic resonance properties at low and high magnetic fields, making it suitable for enhancing T-1 and T-2 MRI imaging of liver tumors respectively.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zixi Wang, Shijia Zhu, Yuemeng Jia, Yunguan Wang, Naoto Kubota, Naoto Fujiwara, Ruth Gordillo, Cheryl Lewis, Min Zhu, Tripti Sharma, Lin Li, Qiyu Zeng, Yu-Hsuan Lin, Meng-Hsiung Hsieh, Purva Gopal, Tao Wang, Matt Hoare, Peter Campbell, Yujin Hoshida, Hao Zhu
Summary: Somatic mutations in nonmalignant tissues accumulate with age and injury, and this study investigates whether these mutations are beneficial for cellular or organismal levels. Using lineage tracing in mice with somatic mosaicism subjected to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the researchers identified genetic mutations that ameliorate lipotoxicity and protect against hepatic steatosis. The study provides insights into the pathways that regulate metabolic disease.
Article
Oncology
Hai-Bin Zhu, Da Xu, Meng Ye, Li Sun, Xiao-Yan Zhang, Xiao-Ting Li, Pei Nie, Bao-Cai Xing, Ying-Shi Sun
Summary: The study established and validated a deep learning algorithm using prechemotherapy and postchemotherapy MRI to predict pathological response in patients with CRLM. The MRI-based model showed accurate prediction of response and survival outcomes after hepatectomy, providing potential for individualized treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Xiaofei Yue, Xiangjun Dong, Mengting Huang, Hongli Yang, Kun Qian, Changhong Yi, Osamah Alwalid, Yanqiao Ren, Ping Han, Qian Li
Summary: The study evaluated the quantitative assessment and diagnostic value of CT perfusion in discriminating between viable tumors and BPE after RFA in the rabbit liver VX2 tumor model. The perfusion parameters showed significant differences between the two, with high consistency with pathological results.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Adrian Kobe, Yanick Kindler, Ernst Klotz, Gilbert Puippe, Florian Messmer, Hatem Alkadhi, Thomas Pfammatter
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the fusion of pre-RFA MR imaging with post-treatment P-CT for predicting local tumor recurrence after RFA of HCCs. The results showed that this method is highly accurate in determining treatment success by predicting local tumor recurrence.
INVESTIGATIVE RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jai Woong Seo, Javier Ajenjo, Bo Wu, Elise Robinson, Marina Nura Raie, James Wang, Spencer K. Tumbale, Pablo Buccino, David Alexander Anders, Bin Shen, Frezghi G. Habte, Corinne Beinat, Michelle L. James, Samantha Taylor Reyes, Sripriya Ravindra Kumar, Timothy F. Miles, Jason T. Lee, Viviana Gradinaru, Katherine W. Ferrara
Summary: The development of gene delivery vehicles with high organ specificity when administered systemically is crucial for gene therapy. In this study, researchers used optical and PET imaging to analyze the distribution and transduction of adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) with specific modifications. The results showed differences in brain localization and transduction between the engineered AAV vectors.
Article
Oncology
Yan Sun, Xiaoyu Kong, Jing Yu, Xiaolin Zheng, Mufei Lin, Zhengyu Cheng, Hui Wang, Na An, Ying Xie, Shuang Zeng, Siming Xue, Min Xia, Xia Wei, Lijie Song, Fengxia Liu, Chunna Fan, Zhonghai Fang, Liangjun Gao, Yun Yang, Shida Zhu, Taiping Shi
Summary: This study investigated clonal changes in liver cancer patients before and after surgery using ctDNA. The accuracy and stability of the method in ctDNA detection were evaluated, with a focus on using ctDNA as a prognostic factor to reflect tumor dynamics and evaluate clinical responses.
TRANSLATIONAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lei Liu, Bolei Dai, Ruixue Li, Zheng Liu, Zhihong Zhang
Summary: The study found that the killing efficiency of CTLs in the liver is restrained compared to the spleen, and this limitation can be reversed by blocking immunosuppressive cytokines. Tumor cells exposed to CTLs in the liver showed prolonged calcium influx before caspase-3 activity.
Review
Oncology
Qiu-Luo Liu, Huijie Zhou, Zong-Guang Zhou, Hai-Ning Chen
Summary: Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients often suffer from liver metastases, resulting in high mortality rates. The molecular basis and management of colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs) pose significant challenges in the clinic. Recent genomic evidence has revealed liver tropism in CRC and a stricter evolutionary bottleneck in the liver compared to lymph nodes. This organ-specific bottleneck challenges CRC cells and necessitates adaptation at both the genetic and phenotypic levels to interact with the hepatic microenvironment. Here, we review emerging evidence on the clonal evolution of CRLM and discuss recent insights into the molecular mechanisms behind the bidirectional interactions between metastatic CRC cells and the unique liver microenvironment.
CANCER AND METASTASIS REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexander Ziller, Dmitrii Usynin, Rickmer Braren, Marcus Makowski, Daniel Rueckert, Georgios Kaissis
Summary: The article introduces a free and open-source framework called deepee for differentially private deep learning for use with the PyTorch deep learning framework. The framework features parallelized execution of neural network operations, specialized data loading procedures, privacy budget accounting, and automated modification of user-supplied neural network architectures to ensure differential privacy conformity. Benchmarking against other open-source differential privacy frameworks, the framework shows good computational performance in medical imaging analysis tasks.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Min Zhou, Yucheng Tang, Wenjie Xu, Xinyan Hao, Yongjiang Li, Si Huang, Daxiong Xiang, Junyong Wu
Summary: Immunotherapy based on bacteria has shown promising potential in cancer management by modulating immune response through various cellular and molecular pathways. Bacterial antigens synthesized as vaccine candidates offer a novel approach for antitumor immunotherapy. Combination therapy with bacterial vaccine and conventional treatments may enhance therapeutic benefits against cancer. However, the clinical translation of bacteria-based immunotherapy faces challenges regarding biosafety and production standards.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
