Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Izumi Matsuba, Rikako Fujita, Kaoruko Iida
Summary: In this study, the effect of palmitic acid (PA), the most common fatty acid component in human fat, on muscle fiber type was assessed, focusing on the expression of fiber-type-specific myosin heavy chain (MHC). The study found that PA selectively suppresses the mRNA and protein expression of fast-twitch MHC, potentially providing a pathogenic mechanism for age-related sarcopenia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biology
Yuuki Hayakawa, Masak Takaine, Kien Xuan Ngo, Taiga Imai, Masafumi D. Yamada, Arash Badami Behjat, Kenichi Umeda, Keiko Hirose, Ayhan Yurtsever, Noriyuki Kodera, Kiyotaka Tokuraku, Osamu Numata, Takeshi Fukuma, Toshio Ando, Kentaro Nakano, Taro Q. P. Uyeda
Summary: Sub-stoichiometric binding of an actin-binding protein can induce structural changes in actin filaments and inhibit their movement, affecting actomyosin interactions and force generation.
LIFE SCIENCE ALLIANCE
(2022)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Masaaki Ito, Ryuji Okamoto, Hiromasa Ito, Ye Zhe, Kaoru Dohi
Summary: Regulation of muscle contraction is essential in the cardiovascular system, with the interaction between myosin and actin filaments being a common mechanism. The phosphorylation of myosin regulatory light chain plays a crucial role in smooth muscle contraction, while in cardiac muscle, troponin C is the primary target protein for Ca2+ with RLC phosphorylation also modulating contraction. Recent advances have improved our understanding of the regulatory role of RLC phosphorylation in smooth and cardiac muscles.
HYPERTENSION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hua Li, E. Sethe Burgie, Zachary T. K. Gannam, Huilin Li, Richard D. Vierstra
Summary: This study reports the cryo-electron microscopy structure of Arabidopsis PhyB in the Pr state, revealing a complex dimeric organization that is distinct from its prokaryotic relatives. The study also reveals connections between dimer assembly and Pfr stability, as well as asymmetry between the HKRDs and the platform. The unique structural dynamism creates a photostate-sensitive surface for conformation-dependent interactions between plant Phy photoreceptors and their signaling partners.
Article
Oncology
Fan Wu, Hui Li, Heng Zhang, Yusheng Liao, Huanping Ren, Jie Wu, Dan Zheng
Summary: In a D-GalN/LPS-induced ALF model, TNF-alpha and IL-6 signaling may increase MLCK and ROCK expression levels, further mediate phosphorylation of MLC, resulting in tight junction dysregulation and intestinal barrier dysfunction.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tatsuro Hitsumoto, Osamu Tsukamoto, Ken Matsuoka, Junjun Li, Li Liu, Yuki Kuramoto, Shuichiro Higo, Shou Ogawa, Noboru Fujino, Shohei Yoshida, Hidetaka Kioka, Hisakazu Kato, Hideyuki Hakui, Yuki Saito, Chisato Okamoto, Hijiri Inoue, Jo Hyejin, Kyoko Ueda, Takatsugu Segawa, Shunsuke Nishimura, Yoshihiro Asano, Hiroshi Asanuma, Akiyoshi Tani, Riyo Imamura, Shinsuke Komagawa, Toshio Kanai, Masayuki Takamura, Yasushi Sakata, Masafumi Kitakaze, Jun-ichi Haruta, Seiji Takashima
Summary: This study demonstrates that dysregulation of cMLCK contributes to the development of cardiac systolic dysfunction in humans, and restoring cMLCK activity could serve as a novel myotropic therapy for advanced systolic heart failure.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hiroyasu Sakai, Yuta Suzuki, Yu Miyauchi, Fumiaki Sato, Yusuke Ando, Risako Kon, Nobutomo Ikarashi, Yoshihiko Chiba, Junzo Kamei, Tomoo Hosoe
Summary: Cancer patients often experience muscle atrophy, which is worsened by the decreased muscle regenerative capacity. Cisplatin, a cancer chemotherapeutic agent, has been found to cause muscle atrophy. This study explored the effects of cisplatin on the differentiation of myoblasts into myotubes. The results showed that cisplatin suppresses myogenesis and inhibits the expression of Sparcl1, which promotes C2C12 cell differentiation during myogenesis.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hye-Jin Lee, Hui-Ji Choi, Sang-Ah Lee, Dong Hyuk Baek, Jong Beom Heo, Gyu Yong Song, Wonhwa Lee
Summary: Rare ginsenosides, specifically protopanaxatriol-type, can improve skeletal muscle atrophy by promoting myoblast differentiation and repair, and reducing the expression of muscle atrophy-related molecules.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
David Martin, Kevin Nay, Francois Robin, Amelie Rebillard, Luz Orfila, Brice Martin, Patricia Leroyer, Pascal Guggenbuhl, Suzanne Dufresne, Philippe Noirez, Martine Ropert, Olivier Loreal, Frederic Derbre
Summary: This study investigates the impact of iron excess on skeletal muscle structure and metabolic adaptations. The results suggest that skeletal muscle can protect itself from the deleterious effects of iron overload under pathophysiological conditions.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Dominika Krakova, Andrew M. Holwerda, Milan W. Betz, Kaleen M. Lavin, Marcas M. Bamman, Luc J. C. van Loon, Lex B. Verdijk, Tim Snijders
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between fiber type grouping and muscle mass and physical function. The results showed that there was no association between fiber type grouping and lower body strength or muscle mass in healthy, older men. Additionally, 12 weeks of resistance training resulted in specific hypertrophy of type II muscle fibers but did not affect fiber type grouping.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Joo-Yeon Lee, Choon Young Kim
Summary: This study demonstrates the preventive effect of thinned apple extracts (TAE) on TNF-alpha-induced intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction. TAE improves tight junction integrity, inhibits interaction between ZO-1 and occludin, and suppresses myosin light chain kinase and NF-kappa B p65 protein levels.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mieke Nys, Eleftherios Zarkadas, Marijke Brams, Aujan Mehregan, Kumiko Kambara, Jeroen Kool, Nicholas R. Casewell, Daniel Bertrand, John E. Baenziger, Hugues Nury, Chris Ulens
Summary: This study reveals the structure of the complex formed between muscle-type Torpedo receptor and a recombinant short-chain alpha-neurotoxin, providing insights into the interaction and specific inhibition mechanism of the toxin on the receptor. The findings explain the stronger binding of the toxin to muscle-type receptors compared to neuronal receptors.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bo Song, Yating Cheng, Md. Abul Kalam Azad, Sujuan Ding, Kang Yao, Xiangfeng Kong
Summary: This study investigated the molecular basis for differences in meat yield and quality between Duroc, Taoyuan black (TB), and Xiangcun black (XB) pigs. The results show that TB pigs have higher fat percentage, intramuscular fat content, and antioxidant capacity, but lower carcass weight, lean percentage, pH decline, and glycolytic potential compared to Duroc pigs. Moreover, TB pigs have lower expression of protein synthesis and lipolysis genes in their muscles. Targeted metabolome analysis revealed significant differences in 24 metabolites among the three pig breeds. Correlation analysis suggests that l-malic acid and β-alanine contents in muscles are closely related to meat quality. These findings suggest that the excellent meat quality of TB pigs is attributed to muscle metabolism and fiber characteristics, while lower protein synthesis and lipolysis contribute to less meat yield.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Ingrid Bader, M. Freilinger, F. Landauer, S. Waldmueller, W. Mueller-Felber, C. Rauscher, W. Sperl, R. E. Bittner, W. M. Schmidt, J. A. Mayr
Summary: Mutations in the MYH7 gene can cause cardiac and skeletal myopathies. This study identified two patients with an in-frame deletion in the MYH7 gene, resulting in an unusual skeletal myopathy phenotype characterized by axial stiffness and muscular hypertonus without cardiac involvement.
ORPHANET JOURNAL OF RARE DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gabryela Kuhnen, Tiago Guedes Russomanno, Marta Murgia, Nicolas J. Pillon, Martin Schoenfelder, Henning Wackerhage
Summary: Adult skeletal muscle fibres can be classified into different types based on the expression of specific genes. The proportions of these muscle fibre types can be altered through gene gain or loss-of-function. In particular, transcriptional regulators play a significant role in regulating the expression of muscle fibre-specific genes. After exercise, the expression of certain genes increases or decreases, suggesting their involvement in muscle fibre adaptation. DNA sequence variants of muscle fibre genes may contribute to the variation in muscle fibre type proportions in the human population.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)