Article
Oncology
Liang Chang, Paloma Ruiz, Takahiro Ito, William R. Sellers
Summary: Despite significant successes in clinical settings, the development of cancer targeted therapy remains challenging, with a disappointingly high failure rate. The misapplication of the targeted therapy paradigm to therapeutics targeting pan-essential genes is a key factor contributing to this issue. Strategies to avoid previous pitfalls and support the ongoing and future development of pan-essential therapeutics are suggested.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Richard A. Ward, Stephen Fawell, Nicolas Floc'h, Vikki Flemington, Darren McKerrecher, Paul D. Smith
Summary: Recent years have seen significant progress in targeted cancer therapies, but drug resistance remains a common challenge. Researchers are exploring new approaches to overcome resistance, such as increasing drug selectivity and potency, using alternative chemical structures, changing mechanisms of action, and targeting allosteric pockets.
Review
Oncology
Robert Saddawi-Konefka, Aaron B. Simon, Whitney Sumner, Andrew Sharabi, Loren K. Mell, Ezra E. W. Cohen
Summary: Recent advancements in immunotherapy have shown potential for improved oncologic outcomes in locally advanced head and neck cancer, but initial results are not conclusive. Studies have indicated pathways for therapeutic combinations that maximize synergy between local therapy and immunotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Dor Breier, Dan Peer
Summary: Since its discovery in 2012, the CRISPR/Cas9 system has revolutionized genome editing and shown potential as a therapy for genetic diseases and cancer. However, there are challenges to be addressed before clinical testing, including the safety of in-vivo therapies and effects on genomic stability.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Cheng-Yen Chang, Dominique Armstrong, David B. Corry, Farrah Kheradmand
Summary: Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are critical components of the lung's innate defense mechanism. They can phagocytose foreign particles, defend against pathogens, recycle surfactant, and respond to inhaled noxious stimuli. AMs' behavior is influenced by the environment, and factors in the tumor microenvironment can reshape their functions, promoting tumor growth and reducing the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in lung cancer treatment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Zhijun Zhou, Barish H. Edil, Min Li
Summary: Gastrointestinal cancers, especially pancreatic cancer, pose a significant challenge to public health. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy offers some patients the chance for radical resection. An optimal chemotherapy regimen should maximize anti-tumor efficacy while maintaining manageable safety. Surgical advancements further enhance outcomes for these patients.
Review
Cell Biology
Xianjie Jiang, Linda Oyang, Qiu Peng, Qiang Liu, Xuemeng Xu, Nayiyuan Wu, Shiming Tan, Wenjuan Yang, Yaqian Han, Jinguan Lin, Longzheng Xia, Mingjing Peng, Yanyan Tang, Xia Luo, Min Su, Yingrui Shi, Yujuan Zhou, Qianjin Liao
Summary: This paper reviews the development history of organoids, the culture methods of tumor organoids establishment, and the applications of organoids in cancer research. The standardization of cultivation methods has facilitated the large-scale production of tumor organoids. Additionally, combining tumor organoids with other cells such as immune cells, fibroblasts, and nervous cells could better mimic the microenvironment of tumor progression, which might be an important direction for the future development of tumor organoids.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Olga Anczukow, Susie Airhart, Jeffrey H. Chuang, Lisa M. Coussens, George A. Kuchel, Ron Korstanje, Sheng Li, Anna Lisa Lucido, Sandra S. McAllister, Katerina Politi, Kornelia Polyak, Timothy Ratliff, Gary Ren, Jennifer J. Trowbridge, Duygu Ucar, Karolina Palucka
Summary: Age is a significant risk factor for cancer, but current mouse cancer models using young mice cannot address the impact of aging and comorbidities. This article discusses the limitations of these models and proposes strategies for developing novel models to bridge the knowledge and experimental gaps.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Arun Kumar Singh, Rajendra Awasthi, Rishabha Malviya
Summary: Chemotherapy is the most effective technique for treating cancer, but it comes with high risk of side effects. To avoid unintended consequences and negative effects, many nanomedicines have been developed. Microrobots are gaining attention as a solution to achieve targeted drug delivery and overcome challenges. Different types of microrobots, such as moving bacteria, microengines powered by bubbles, and hybrid spermbots, offer complex features for precise targeting of various cancers.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Sean G. Rudd
Summary: Cytotoxic chemotherapy remains a critical component of cancer treatment, despite the challenges in drug development and affordability. These therapies have the ability to target essential pathways in cancer cells and should not be underestimated. This review emphasizes the importance of improving our understanding of how these drugs work and refining their use through basic science approaches.
CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Breanne Freeman, Jessica Mamallapalli, Tengfei Bian, Kayleigh Ballas, Allison Lynch, Alexander Scala, Zhiguang Huo, Kristianna M. Fredenburg, Adriaan W. Bruijnzeel, Carolyn J. Baglole, Junxuan Lu, Ramzi G. Salloum, John Malaty, Chengguo Xing
Summary: Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths due to high incidence and late diagnosis. Although tobacco control is effective, the numbers of smokers are not expected to decrease significantly, thus chemoprevention and interception are needed. This article reviews the potential of kava in reducing lung cancer risk through its multifaceted effects and highlights the importance of advanced knowledge for clinical translation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Raissa Barcellos, Flavia Bernardini, Jose Viterbo
Summary: This study investigates the concept of data interpretability through literature research, qualitative analysis, and expert surveys to define and characterize data interpretability. Additionally, it analyzes the challenges present in open data portals.
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Alaa Y. Bazeed, Candace M. Day, Sanjay Garg
Summary: Pancreatic cancer is a global health burden with low survival rates. Local interventions that target the tumor site have gained interest as alternatives to systemic therapy. This review discusses current locoregional therapies and provides insights into potential improvements.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chiara Romano, Federica Martorana, Maria Stella Pennisi, Stefania Stella, Michele Massimino, Elena Tirro, Silvia Rita Vitale, Sandra Di Gregorio, Adriana Puma, Cristina Tomarchio, Livia Manzella
Summary: Liquid biopsy is a non-invasive approach that can detect and analyze biological samples released from tumors into the bloodstream, providing valuable molecular information for defining diagnosis, estimating prognosis, and monitoring tumor recurrence or treatment response.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Rao Song, Wenliang Qiao, Jun He, Jiasheng Huang, Youfu Luo, Tao Yang
Summary: Maintaining proteostasis within cells is crucial for cancer cell survival; Proteases have been identified as potential anti-tumor targets due to their involvement in proteostasis; Despite facing challenges, advances in chemical and structural biology have facilitated the development of promising protease modulators.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Biographical-Item
Cell Biology
Michael Ristow, Chih-Hao Lee, Katrien De Bock, Vadim N. Gladyshev, Gokhan S. Hotamisligil, Brendan D. Manning
Article
Biology
Margaret E. Torrence, Michael R. MacArthur, Aaron M. Hosios, Alexander J. Valvezan, John M. Asara, James R. Mitchell, Brendan D. Manning
Summary: The study found that the mTORC1-ATF4 pathway activates a subset of ATF4 target genes induced by the ISR, including genes related to amino acid uptake, synthesis, and tRNA charging. ATF4 is identified as a metabolic effector of mTORC1, playing a role in promoting protein synthesis and in a previously unappreciated function for mTORC1 in stimulating cellular cystine uptake and glutathione synthesis.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Aaron M. Hosios, Brendan D. Manning
Summary: Research has deepened the understanding of oncogenic control of metabolism, particularly glycolysis. Current focus is on understanding the benefits and risks associated with glycolytic metabolism, and finding inhibitors that could be clinically beneficial for targeting glycolytic cancer cells.
Correction
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrew R. Tee, Brendan D. Manning, Philippe P. Roux, Lewis C. Cantley, John Blenis
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Vanessa Byles, Yann Cormerais, Krystle Kalafut, Victor Barrera, James E. Hughes Hallett, Shannan Ho Sui, John M. Asara, Christopher M. Adams, Gerta Hoxhaj, Issam Ben-Sahra, Brendan D. Manning
Summary: The study demonstrates that ATF4 is stimulated by mTORC1 signaling in the liver in response to insulin during feeding, leading to changes in hepatocyte gene expression and metabolism. While insulin stimulates de novo purine and pyrimidine synthesis through mTORC1 signaling in primary hepatocytes, this regulation is independent of ATF4.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mona Hoseini Soflaee, Rushendhiran Kesavan, Umakant Sahu, Alpaslan Tasdogan, Elodie Villa, Zied Djabari, Feng Cai, Diem H. Tran, Hieu S. Vu, Eunus S. Ali, Halie Rion, Brendan P. O'Hara, Sherwin Kelekar, James Hughes Hallett, Misty Martin, Thomas P. Mathews, Peng Gao, John M. Asara, Brendan D. Manning, Issam Ben-Sahra, Gerta Hoxhaj
Summary: Purine depletion induces serine synthesis and promotes cancer cell migration and metastasis.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Sandra Schrotter, Christopher J. Yuskaitis, Michael R. MacArthur, Sarah J. Mitchell, Aaron M. Hosios, Maria Osipovich, Margaret E. Torrence, James R. Mitchell, Gerta Hoxhaj, Mustafa Sahin, Brendan D. Manning
Summary: TBC1D7 is an essential component of the TSC complex, which suppresses the growth of cells and tissues driven by mTORC1. In this study, Tbc1d7 knockout mice exhibited increased muscle fiber size, strength and motor defects, and overgrowth of the brain. These findings indicate that TBC1D7 is crucial for the full functionality of the TSC complex in tissues, with the brain being particularly sensitive to its growth-suppressing activities.
Article
Cell Biology
Christopher J. Yuskaitis, Jinita B. Modasia, Sandra Schrotter, Leigh-Ana Rossitto, Karenna J. Groff, Christopher Morici, Divakar S. Mithal, Ram P. Chakrabarty, Navdeep S. Chandel, Brendan D. Manning, Mustafa Sahin
Summary: Acute fasting can reduce seizure susceptibility in a DEPDC5-dependent manner through modulation of mTORC1 signaling and amino acid levels, suggesting a rational therapeutic strategy for epilepsy treatment.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Molly C. McNamara, Aaron M. Hosios, Margaret E. Torrence, Ting Zhao, Cameron Fraser, Meghan Wilkinson, David J. Kwiatkowski, Elizabeth P. Henske, Chin-Lee Wu, Kristopher A. Sarosiek, Alexander J. Valvezan, Brendan D. Manning
Summary: mTORC1 activation in cancer and TSC leads to cellular dependence on pro-survival proteins. Inhibiting mTORC1 alters this dependence, making cells more susceptible to apoptosis-inducing drugs.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Aaron M. Hosios, Meghan E. Wilkinson, Molly C. McNamara, Krystle C. Kalafut, Margaret E. Torrence, John M. Asara, Brendan D. Manning
Summary: Inhibition of mTORC1 leads to accumulation of intracellular triglycerides through lysosome-dependent hydrolysis of phospholipid fatty acids. The liberated fatty acids can be used for triglyceride synthesis or beta-oxidation.
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrew R. Tee, Diane C. Fingar, Brendan D. Manning, David J. Kwiatkowski, Lewis C. Cantley, John Blenis
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Brendan D. Manning
MOLECULAR CANCER RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Alexander J. Valvezan, Molly C. McNamara, Spencer K. Miller, Margaret E. Torrence, John M. Asara, Elizabeth P. Henske, Brendan D. Manning
Review
Oncology
Gerta Hoxhaj, Brendan D. Manning
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
(2020)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alexander J. Valvezan, Brendan D. Manning
