Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 409, Issue 14, Pages 2693-2699Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.04.018
Keywords
Energy efficiency; Non-radial DEA; Wastewater treatment; CO2 emissions; Energy saving
Categories
Funding
- Spanish government [CSD2007-00055]
- FPU [AP2007-03483]
- Generalitat Valenciana government [ACOMP/2010/138]
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Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are energy-intensive facilities. Thus, reducing their carbon footprint is particularly important, both economically and environmentally. Knowing the real operating energy efficiency of WWTPs is the starting point for any energy-saving initiative. In this article, we applied a non-radial Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) methodology to calculate energy efficiency indices for sampling of WWTPs located in Spain. In a second stage analysis, we examined the operating variables contributing to differences in energy efficiency among plants. It is verified that energy efficiencies of the analyzed WWTPs were quite low, with only 10% of them being efficient. We found that plant size, quantity of organic matter removed, and type of bioreactor aeration were significant variables in explaining energy efficiency differences. In contrast, age of the plant was not a determining factor in energy consumption. Lastly, we quantified the potential savings, both in economic terms and in terms of CO2 emissions, that could be expected from an improvement in energy efficiency of WWTPs. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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