Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
T. Sakthivel, P. Syamala Rao, P. K. Parida, M. Vasudevan
Summary: Creep behavior of P91-Alloy800-SS316LN dissimilar metals weld joint was assessed at 823 K in the stress range of 180-260 MPa. Damage and fracture transition in the DMWJ occurred from P91 steel base metal at high stress regime to the interface region of P91 CGHAZ-IN182 weld metal at lower applied stress, with significant reduction in ductility. Enhanced heterogeneity in strain distribution, carbon migration, coarser precipitates and soft zone formation at the P91 CGHAZ-IN182 interface region contributed to the premature failure of the DMWJ compared to P91 steel.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xue Wang, Xiao Wang, Ya-Lin Zhang, Chuang Wang, You Li, Qiao-Sheng Huang
Summary: This study investigated the microstructure and creep fracture characteristics of the HR3C/T92 dissimilar steel welded joint using Ni-based filler metal. It was found that the type IV cracking occurred preferentially at the FGHAZ of the T92 side, triggered by the accumulation of cavity damage, leading to brittle fracture. The presence of blocky delta-ferrite phases in the CGHAZ of T92 side did not make it the weakest zone for the early failure of the welded joint compared to the FGHAZ.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xiaogang Li, Junfeng Nie, Xin Wang, Kejian Li, Zhipeng Cai, Haiquan Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the behaviour and mechanism of interfacial microstructure evolution during long term high temperature exposure and the effect of interface structure on creep failure in dissimilar metal welds. The results show that the welding of nickel-based and ferritic materials leads to the formation of an interfacial martensite layer in the ferritic steel side of the weld. During long term high temperature exposure, the interfacial martensite transforms to ferrite due to carbon diffusion and migration near the interface between the martensite layer and the weld metal. Under creep conditions, the failure of the welds is prone to occur along the interface between the weld metal and the ferritic steel, which is related to strain concentration around the interfacial ferrite formed during service.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yu Zhang, Zhipeng Cai, Chaoyu Han, Xin Huo, Manjie Fan, Kejian Li, Jiluan Pan
Summary: This study elucidated the influence of macrosegregation on interface structure and the effect of this influence on creep failure during post weld heat treatment in dissimilar metal welds.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amit Kumar, Chandan Pandey
Summary: This study focuses on investigating the influence of weld groove geometry on the microstructure, mechanical behavior, residual stresses, and distortion of Alloy 617/P92 steel dissimilar metal weld joints. The microstructural examination reveals the heterogeneous microstructure evolution at the interface of P92 steel and ERNiCrCoMo-1 weld, as well as the uneven distribution of different structures along the fusion boundary of P92 steel. Diffusion of elements such as Fe, Cr, Co, Mo, and Ni and the formation of various phases are observed. The welded joints demonstrate acceptable microstructural and mechanical properties, with the DVG welded joint exhibiting minimum distortion and residual stresses compared to the NVG welded joint.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Sumit Mahajan, Rahul Chhibber
Summary: This study investigates the hot corrosion behavior of P22/P91 dissimilar welds under different conditions and finds that laboratory-made electrodes can enhance the corrosion resistance of the welds.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART E-JOURNAL OF PROCESS MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yu Zhang, Mengjia Hu, Zhipeng Cai, Chaoyu Han, Xiaogang Li, Xin Huo, Manjie Fan, Shaoshi Rui, Kejian Li, Jiluan Pan
Summary: The study compared the creep rupture behaviors of dissimilar metal welds using different nickel-based filler metals, revealing that using Inconel 82 filler metal instead of Inconel 617 can prevent interfacial failure of DMWs by reducing creep deformation concentration in the heat-affected zone adjacent to the interface. Therefore, creep strength compatibility should be considered when selecting nickel-based filler metals for prolonged creep life in similar DMWs.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Priya Singh, Navneet Arora
Summary: This study investigates the fabrication of dissimilar metal welds for advanced ultra-supercritical boilers, using a buttering technique. It is found that the mechanical properties and creep rupture life can be significantly improved by buttering, especially when thin layers of buttering material are applied at the ferritic end.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Stuart Holdsworth
Summary: This study focuses on the examination of high-temperature damage in Ni-alloy/steel dissimilar metal welds and its impact on creep-rupture times and creep-fatigue endurances. The research emphasizes the importance of systematic and detailed post-test examination of the damage in x-weld microstructures, and characterizes available evidence for Alloy-617/1%Cr-steel welds at 550 degrees C and Alloy-617/10%Cr-steel welds at 575 degrees C. The study also determines CR and CF weld strength factors for the two DMWs based on the respective kinetics of microstructural developments adjacent to the fusion line and in the FG/ICHAZ of the steel.
MATERIALS AT HIGH TEMPERATURES
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Karrar Mahdi Hussein, Habibullah Akbari, Rassoul Noorossana, Rostam Yadegari, Rouholah Ashiri
Summary: Resistance spot welding is commonly used for autobody structure assembly. Advanced high-strength steels, such as Q&P980 steel, have been developed to meet the demands of lighter and stronger autobody. This study investigated the effect of welding parameters on the mechanical performance of dissimilar combination of Q&P980 steel and SPFC780Y high strength steel. The research found that adjusting welding current, welding time, electrode pressure, and holding time can optimize the peak load and energy absorption.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
V. D. Vijayanand, Deepshree D. D. Awale, Atul R. R. Ballal, Manjusha M. M. Thawre, G. V. Prasad Reddy
Summary: Damage evolution in a creep tested 316LN stainless steel-P91 steel dissimilar weld joint was studied. Failure occurred by Type IV cracking in the P91 steel's heat-affected zone. Microstructural investigation revealed presence of creep cavities adjacent to the fractured region. The damage associated with creep cavitation was more prevalent in the fine-grained heat-affected zone and nucleated cavities in this region were resolvable after onset of the apparent tertiary regime.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
S. Sirohi, A. Sauraw, A. Kumar, S. Kumar, T. Rajasekaran, P. Kumar, R. S. Vidyarthy, N. Kumar, C. Pandey
Summary: In this study, the dissimilar joining of heat-resistant Cr-Mo steels such as P91 and P22 commonly employed in supercritical thermal power plants was investigated. It was found that using Inconel 82 filler for welding resulted in weldments without cracking, but with an inhomogeneity in microstructure. The carbon diffusion across the interface between P22 steel and Inconel 82 weld metal during post-weld heat treatment process led to the formation of a soft zone and a hard zone. After post-weld heat treatment, both the tensile strength and impact toughness of the welds decreased.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
(2022)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Nandha E, Ravi Sankar Kottada, G. D. Janaki Ram
Summary: This study investigated the dissimilar welds between austenitic stainless steel Super304H and ferritic-martensitic steel T92 using hot-wire gas tungsten arc welding method. The welds were post-weld heat-treated and subjected to creep testing. Microstructural analysis revealed accelerated degradation in the fine-grained heat-affected zone of alloy T92, leading to creep failures.
WELDING IN THE WORLD
(2023)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Michael Rhode, Tim Richter, Tobias Mente, Peter Mayr, Alexander Nitsche
Summary: Martensitic 9% Cr steels like P91 and P92 exhibit susceptibility to delayed hydrogen assisted cracking depending on microstructure. Effective hydrogen diffusion coefficients are used to evaluate possible time delay. Different methods were used to calculate diffusion coefficients, showing that sample thickness must be considered as it impacts the results.
WELDING IN THE WORLD
(2022)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Michael Rhode, Jonathan Nietzke, Tim Richter, Tobias Mente, Peter Mayr, Alexander Nitsche
Summary: This study investigates the microstructure and heat treatment effects on the mechanical properties of P92 base material and P91 multi-layer weld metal, as well as establishing a fracture criterion dependent on hydrogen and microstructure. All investigated microstructures show a degradation of mechanical properties compared to hydrogen-free samples, with the as-welded P91 weld metal exhibiting the highest degree of degradation in the presence of hydrogen. The P91 PWHT weld metal and P92 base material exhibit comparable properties.
WELDING IN THE WORLD
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
L. Huang, P. Kinnell, P. H. Shipway
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2015)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. R. Warmuth, P. H. Shipway, W. Sun
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2015)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
J. D. Lemm, A. R. Warmuth, S. R. Pearson, P. H. Shipway
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2015)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
X. Jin, P. H. Shipway, W. Sun
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
S. R. Pearson, P. H. Shipway
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
G. N. Karimi, P. H. Shipway, D. A. Stewart, T. Hussain
Article
Thermodynamics
Andrew Roberts, Richard Brooks, Philip Shipway
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2014)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Wenjie Qin, Min Wang, Wei Sun, Philip Shipway, Xudong Li
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
L. Reddy, M. Sattari, C. J. Davis, P. H. Shipway, M. Halvarsson, T. Hussain
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
T. Zhu, P. H. Shipway
Summary: Fretting wear is different from sliding wear in that debris ejection plays a crucial role in behavior, rather than just relative displacement. Wear equations for non-conforming specimen geometries have been derived and should be used in analyzing fretting data instead of linear relationships.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Samuel R. Rogers, Jaimie Daure, Philip Shipway, David Stewart, David Dye
Summary: Research and development of wear-resistant steels is being carried out to reduce cobalt within the primary circuit of PWR's. The focus is on understanding galling mechanisms, particularly prevalent in PWR valves. Findings show that large shear stresses and adhesive transfer occur during galling due to the difference in manganese content between 304L and 316L stainless steels, even at relatively low compressive stresses of 50MPa.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
T. Zhu, C. J. Bennett, P. H. Shipway
Summary: Recent research has shown that the wear rate in fretting of metals is influenced by the contact size, with oxygen and debris transport being the rate-determining processes. Non-conforming contacts were used to study the dependence of wear on slip amplitude, with smaller slip amplitudes resulting in delayed initiation of wear. The development of wear scar profile was also examined, with smaller slip amplitudes causing W-shaped scars and larger slip amplitudes causing U-shaped scars. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the process of debris-ejection as the rate determining process.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
J. L. Daure, D. Koti, M. J. Carrington, D. G. McCartney, D. A. Stewart, P. H. Shipway
Summary: Austenitic stainless steels have good corrosion resistance properties, but their use in components with motion under load is limited by poor galling behavior. In this study, the galling behavior of a dissimilar austenitic stainless steel pair was examined under different environmental temperatures, rotational speeds, and sliding distances. It was found that galling became more severe with increased temperature, but was not significantly affected by sliding speed or interruptions during rotation. The measurement of friction coefficient and surface observations revealed that galling did not occur initially, but was a result of surface damage accumulated during sliding.
Proceedings Paper
Energy & Fuels
J. W. G. Clark, D. G. McCartney, H. Saghafifar, P. H. Shipway
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME POWER CONFERENCE, 2014, VOL 1
(2014)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Manufacturing
Z. Kamdi, P. H. Shipway, K. T. Voisey
4TH MECHANICAL AND MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING, PTS 1 AND 2
(2014)