Review
Immunology
Tijana Martinov, Kelly M. McKenna, Wei Hong Tan, Emily J. Collins, Allie R. Kehret, Jonathan D. Linton, Tayla M. Olsen, Nour Shobaki, Anthony Rongvaux
Summary: This passage discusses the development principles and challenges of humanized mouse models, focusing on increasing mouse tolerance to human grafts and addressing functional interactions between human immunity and mouse hosts.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Ting Wang, Wang Ziwei, Bai Linlin, Zhang Xingcai, Jia Feng, Cheng Qian, Wang Yongming, Rui Wang
Summary: Accurate diagnosis of human diseases is crucial and traditional molecular detection methods have limitations. The rapidly evolving CRISPR/Cas systems have revolutionized molecular diagnostics by providing a low-cost, versatile, and powerful toolbox. This review introduces the working principle of the CRISPR toolbox and various detection methods for both infectious and non-infectious diseases, with a focus on single nucleotide polymorphism detection. Challenges and future breakthrough applications in CRISPR molecular diagnostics are also discussed.
TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Giacomo Cacciapaglia, Corentin Cot, Francesco Sannino
Summary: Pandemics like the 1918 Spanish Influenza and COVID-19 spread in waves, with the period between waves signaling system instability. Controlling virus spread during the linear growth phase of infections is crucial to preventing or delaying the next wave, providing a new guiding principle for mid-term government strategies.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Allen G. Ross, Munirul Alam, Mahbubur Rahman, Firdausi Qadri, Shehrin S. Mahmood, Khalequ Zaman, Thao N. Chau, Abhiprasun Chattopadhyay, Santi P. Gon Chaudhuri
Summary: Informal slums are rapidly growing in developing countries, lacking the achievement of sustainable development goals, and may become the source of future global pandemics. Immediate action must be taken to prevent a global humanitarian crisis.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shirley Pei Shan Chia, Sharleen Li Ying Kong, Jeremy Kah Sheng Pang, Boon-Seng Soh
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the adoption of efficient and reliable models in the scientific community to combat infectious diseases. Three dimensional human organoid technology, which closely mimics the structure and function of organs, has emerged as an essential tool in infectious disease research. This article compares conventional systems with organoid models, highlights the role of organoids in modeling infectious diseases and understanding the molecular mechanisms behind them, and presents the limitations of current organoid models and innovative strategies to overcome them.
Review
Microbiology
Jessica A. Plante, Brooke M. Mitchell, Kenneth S. Plante, Kari Debbink, Scott C. Weaver, Vineet D. Menachery
Summary: Despite the development of vaccines, COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 continues to be a global concern due to the emergence of new variants, raising worries about increased spread and potential impacts on immunity.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2021)
Article
Biology
Daniel B. Larremore, Bailey K. Fosdick, Kate M. Bubar, Sam Zhang, Stephen M. Kissler, C. Jessica E. Metcalf, Caroline O. Buckee, Yonatan H. Grad
Summary: This study developed a flexible framework to compare the accuracy and robustness of different sampling schemes by integrating various factors. The results showed that sampling schemes informed by demographics and contact networks outperform uniform sampling.
Review
Immunology
Vera P. Luther, Rachel Shnekendorf, Ashleigh Logan, Sonali D. Advani, Alice E. Barsoumian, Cole Beeler, Kenza Bennani, Kartikeya Cherabuddi, Marisa Holubar, Misha Huang, Dilek Ince, Julie Ann Justo, Matthew S. L. Lee, Conan MacDougall, Priya Nori, Christopher A. Ohl, Payal K. Patel, Paul S. Pottinger, Jennifer O. Spicer, Conor Stack, Trevor C. Van Schooneveld, Zachary Willis
Summary: Professional societies have developed two curricula to train the next generation of clinicians to lead antimicrobial stewardship programs and address challenges such as multidrug resistance, patient safety, and healthcare quality improvement. These curricula will be available on the IDSA website in the summer of 2021.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Bayissa Chala, Feyissa Hamde
Summary: Vector-borne emerging and re-emerging diseases pose significant public health challenges globally. Interactions among pathogens, hosts, environment, and social demographic factors are key to the emergence and re-emergence of these diseases. Ongoing evolution of pathogens, population growth, urbanization, and climate change are among the factors linked with the appearance and resurgence of vector-borne infectious diseases.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Letter
Immunology
Shu-Chen Kuo, Hsiao-Hui Tsou, Hsiao-Yu Wu, Ya-Ting Hsu, Fang-Jing Lee, Shu-Man Shih, Chao A. Hsiung, Wei J. Chen
Summary: Adherence to non-pharmaceutical interventions in Taiwan during the 2020 coronavirus pandemic led to lower nonpolio enterovirus activity compared to 2014-2019. The study suggests that 90% of nonpolio enterovirus activity during 2014-2019 could have been prevented by adopting the same measures enforced in 2020.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Chuwen Wang, Danying Yan, Jiajia Huang, Naibin Yang, Jiejun Shi, Shou Pan, Gaoqiang Lin, Ying Liu, Yingying Zhang, Xueyan Bian, Qifa Song, Guoqing Qian
Summary: This study found that metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has higher sensitivity and specificity compared to traditional diagnostic methods in the diagnosis of clinical infections. Especially in difficult-to-identify pathogens such as non-tuberculous mycobacteria, chlamydia, and parasites, mNGS has a significant advantage.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sam Jones
Summary: When infections spread globally, what are the chances of completely eliminating the pathogen responsible?
Article
Immunology
Mengfan Jiao, Xiaoxu Ma, Yaoguang Li, Huifen Wang, Ying Liu, Wenhu Guo, Jun Lv
Summary: mNGS can accurately and rapidly detect Nocardia infection, especially in the diagnosis of mixed infections. The number of infectious species is an independent risk factor for the prognosis of nocardiosis patients.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marco Marani, Gabriel G. Katul, William K. Pan, Anthony J. Parolari
Summary: Observational knowledge of epidemic intensity and rate of disease outbreaks is crucial for testing theory and models, as well as informing public health risk assessment. Global historical epidemic data from 1600 to present has been compiled and analyzed using novel statistical methods to estimate yearly probabilities of extreme epidemic occurrences. The slow decay in probability with epidemic intensity reveals that extreme epidemics are relatively likely, with a potential threefold increase in occurrence probability in the future.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Robotics
Anzhu Gao, Robin R. Murphy, Weidong Chen, Giulio Dagnino, Peer Fischer, Maximiliano G. Gutierrez, Dennis Kundrat, Bradley J. Nelson, Naveen Shamsudhin, Hao Su, Jingen Xia, Ajmal Zemmar, Dandan Zhang, Chen Wang, Guang-Zhong Yang
Summary: Robots are being considered for managing and responding to future pandemics, covering areas such as disease prevention, monitoring, and clinical care. However, developing advanced robots that are applicable, reliable, and rapidly deployable still faces many challenges. Globally sustained efforts are needed to ensure that robots are ready to tackle future outbreaks at any time.
