Article
Zoology
M. Q. R. Pembury Smith, G. D. Ruxton
Summary: Factors influencing crawling speed in terrestrial snails were studied, revealing that substrate texture and orientation had a significant impact on speed, while body size and conspecific trails did not. The most significant speed difference was observed on rough sandpaper, showing an inversely proportional relationship between abrasive particle size and speed.
JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Thach H. Chu, Edward F. Patz, Margaret E. Ackerman
Summary: The human IgG3 subclass is not commonly used in approved monoclonal antibody therapies and Fc fusion protein biologics due to concerns about rapid degradation, reduced plasma half-life, and increased immunogenicity. However, its unique advantages and functional role in the immune response warrant further investigation and reconsideration for clinical advancement in treating human diseases.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
James D. Woodell, Maurine Neiman, Edward P. Levri
Summary: Early detection of invasive species allows for more rapid and effective response, reducing the cost and difficulty of restoring native ecosystems after invasion. Environmental DNA techniques can identify invasive species at an earlier time point, providing opportunities for monitoring and controlling new invasions.
BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Health Policy & Services
John A. Reid, Mzwandile A. Mabhala
Summary: Wealthier countries lead in COVID-19 vaccine mass vaccination programmes, but ethnic minorities could face disproportionate disadvantages. Lower vaccine uptake among ethnic minorities is linked to their lower social status and fewer social goods. Efforts are needed to address community concerns and inequalities in less inclusive social systems.
ISRAEL JOURNAL OF HEALTH POLICY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Yi Yang, Jingru Zhou, Fei Wu, Danni Tong, Xueqiu B. Chen, Shengjun Jiang, Yu Duan, Chaoqun Yao, Tao Wang, Aifang Du, Robin Gasser, Guangxu Ma
Summary: Parasitic nematodes, including Haemonchus contortus (barber's pole worm), lack the ability to synthesize haem and rely on the acquisition of haem from the environment or host animals. In this study, a unique haem transporter named HRG-1 was identified in a range of parasitic nematodes, enabling the uptake and utilization of haem. Knockdown of HRG-1 resulted in decreased viability and inability to establish infection in H. contortus. These findings provide new insights into the haem biology of parasitic nematodes and suggest HRG-1 as a potential target for controlling nematode infection.
Review
Microbiology
Halie M. Rando, Ronan Lordan, Likhitha Kolla, Elizabeth Sell, Alexandra J. Lee, Nils Wellhausen, Amruta Naik, Jeremy P. Kamil, Anthony S. Gitter, Casey Greene
Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has caused significant damage worldwide, leading to increased demands for vaccine development. Developing, producing, and distributing vaccines are crucial in saving lives and mitigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Piotr Polowniak, Mariusz Sobolak, Adam Marciniec
Summary: This paper introduces a new method to determine the worm wheel tooth flank surface, developing a model based on gearing theory and gear generation mechanism, considering both rectilinear and arc tooth axial profiles. The contact lines between the hourglass worm hob and worm wheel surfaces are determined.
ALEXANDRIA ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Editorial Material
Orthopedics
Joel Bialosky, Jean-Sebastien Roy, Clare L. Ardern
Summary: JOSPT, known for its scientifically rigorous and clinically-relevant content on musculoskeletal rehabilitation and sports, has been publishing for over 40 years. To make use of its extensive content, JOSPT is introducing JOSPT Collections, which will offer a bundle of clinically-focused material related to core musculoskeletal rehabilitation themes. This article shares some knowledge translation content accompanying the first JOSPT Collections topic: Achilles tendinopathy.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Catherine Apio, Kyulhee Han, Gyujin Heo, Taesung Park
Summary: The global outbreak of COVID-19 has generated significant interest in the development of safe vaccines. Only a few countries have successfully developed COVID-19 vaccines, with factors such as scientific publications, liability, and funding playing a crucial role in the fast development of these vaccines.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Editorial Material
Economics
Cheng Huang, Gordon G. Liu, Zhejin Zhao
Summary: In this editorial, the authors reviewed the impact of the pandemic on the Chinese economy and the well-being of the Chinese population. They found that the pandemic has worsened economic inequality, particularly for small and medium-sized enterprises. The authors also discussed China's policy responses to the pandemic, noting that the zero-Covid policy was effective in stabilizing the economy, but struggled to balance disease control and economic growth in the later stages when more transmissive variants emerged. The editorial concludes with policy recommendations to protect public health and mitigate the impact of the pandemic.
CHINA ECONOMIC REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Economics
Cheng Huang, Gordon G. Liu, Zhejin Zhao
Summary: In this editorial, the devastating impact of the pandemic on the economy, specifically on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and private firms in China, was reviewed. The mental health and well-being of the Chinese population, with a disproportionate impact on minorities, were also discussed. The effectiveness of China's policy response to the COVID pandemic was examined, highlighting the challenges in balancing disease control and economic growth. Policy options to protect health and prevent substantial loss of lives during the post-pandemic phase were also explored.
CHINA ECONOMIC REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Alessandro Santirocchi, Pietro Spataro, Marco Costanzi, Fabrizio Doricchi, Clelia Rossi-Arnaud, Vincenzo Cestari
Summary: A study in Italy found that most participants were willing to be vaccinated against COVID-19. The acceptance rates were associated with age, marital status, and area of residence. Vaccine intention was positively correlated with perceived risk, pro-sociality, fear of COVID-19, use of preventive behaviors, and trust in government, science, and medical professionals, while negatively associated with belief in misinformation.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jingjing Zhang, Han Zhang, Litao Sun
Summary: Early immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 are mainly mediated by IgM and IgA antibodies, which are crucial for neutralizing the virus at mucosal sites. While most authorized neutralizing antibodies are IgG antibodies, the potential of IgM, IgA, and bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes against SARS-CoV-2 infection is discussed. The challenges and future directions in vaccine design and antibody-based therapeutics are also highlighted.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mallory K. Ellingson, Hassan Sheikha, Kate Nyhan, Carlos R. Oliveira, Linda M. Niccolai
Summary: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines are most effective when administered at younger ages, preventing infections prior to natural exposure. A systematic review of HPV vaccine effectiveness studies published between 2007 and 2022 found that the highest vaccine effectiveness was observed in the youngest age group. Vaccine effectiveness estimates ranged from approximately 74% to 93% for younger adolescents ages 9-14 years and from 12% to 90% for adolescents ages 15-18 years. These findings emphasize the importance of on-time vaccination for optimal protection against HPV-related diseases.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Bruno Lewin, Lei Qian, Runxin Huang, Lina S. Sy, Kristin Goddard, Allison L. Naleway, Malini DeSilva, Matthew F. Daley, Michael M. McNeil, Lisa A. Jackson, Steven J. Jacobsen
Summary: By studying EHR data of nearly a million travelers, it was found that travelers who received travel vaccines were generally younger, healthier, and had lower Hispanic representation compared to those who did not receive travel vaccines. Healthcare utilization significantly decreased during travel, with outpatient visits dropping from 294.8 visits per 10,000 person-days before travel to 24.2 visits per 10,000 person-days during reported travel dates.