Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Sheng Yin, Yi Cao
Summary: Water-based hydrogels have shown significant progress in regulating stem cell proliferation and differentiation by mimicking the native microenvironment, including bioavailability, mechanical strength, and porosity. Tailoring hydrogel properties to suit different stem cell types can effectively enhance their proliferation and expansion for various applications. Future research directions aim to improve current in vitro stem cell expansion systems by constructing hydrogels that closely resemble the microenvironment of stem cells in vivo.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tihomir Georgiev-Hristov, Mariano Garcia-Arranz, Jacobo Trebol-Lopez, Paula Barba-Recreo, Damian Garcia-Olmo
Summary: Adipose-derived stem cells have clinically beneficial qualities and have been investigated in basic research and clinical studies. Allogeneic adipose-derived stem cells have recently been approved for treating complex perianal fistulas in adults with Crohn's disease. The current understanding of adipose stem cell harvest includes quantitative and qualitative differences that may be influenced by donor conditions and sites. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the topic and proposes optimal donor profiles for further applications and studies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuchen Zhang, Naijun Dong, Huanle Hong, Jingxuan Qi, Shibo Zhang, Jiao Wang
Summary: Due to the aging population, stroke has become more prevalent, leading to increased socioeconomic burden. Stem cell transplantation, particularly using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), has shown promise in treating stroke by attenuating inflammation, promoting therapeutic effects, inducing blood vessel formation, promoting neurogenesis, reducing infarct volume, and replacing damaged cells. This review discusses the mechanisms of MSCs and their secreted extracellular vehicles (EVs) in stroke treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emilia Manole, Cristina Niculite, Ioana Maria Lambrescu, Gisela Gaina, Octavian Ioghen, Laura Cristina Ceafalan, Mihail Eugen Hinescu
Summary: Macrophages play a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and repair, displaying heterogeneity in response to environmental cues. Their diverse functions as M1 and M2 phenotypes contribute to tissue damage and wound healing, emphasizing the importance of understanding their intervention in stem cell behavior and niche regulation for developing novel therapeutic strategies in different diseases.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Tingting Gao, Xiyuan Zhao, Jie Hao, Yao Tian, Huike Ma, Wenjing Liu, Bin An, Faguo Sun, Shasha Liu, Baojie Guo, Shuaishuai Niu, Zhongwen Li, Chenxin Wang, Yukai Wang, Guihai Feng, Liu Wang, Wei Li, Jun Wu, Meijin Guo, Qi Zhou, Qi Gu
Summary: In this study, a new microcarrier with hyaluronic acid (HA) as the core material was developed for scalable serum-free suspension culture of hESC-derived MSCs. The optimal microcarriers, with a coating collagen concentration of 100 μg/mL or concave-structured surface (cHAMCs), allowed for the expansion of IMRCs within six days with a high yield. The harvested cells showed high viability, immunomodulatory and regenerative therapeutic promise, as well as increased secretion of extracellular matrix (ECM).
MATERIALS TODAY BIO
(2023)
Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Yongqing Zhao, Min Wang, Feng Liang, Jiannan Li
Summary: Skin wound healing is a complex process involving various cells and mediators, and dysregulation can lead to chronic or non-healing wounds. Stem cell therapy has shown significant advancements in wound regeneration, particularly utilizing mesenchymal stem cells, but there are challenges with limited cell efficacy and underutilized therapeutic potential. Innovations are needed to enhance stem cell efficacy for better clinical outcomes.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Keiji Masuda, Xu Han, Hiroki Kato, Hiroshi Sato, Yu Zhang, Xiao Sun, Yuta Hirofuji, Haruyoshi Yamaza, Aya Yamada, Satoshi Fukumoto
Summary: Dental pulp stem cells, derived from multipotent neural crest cells, have high proliferative capacity and multipotent potential for various applications. Stem cells donated by patients with genetic disorders can serve as disease models. Ethical considerations and potential applications of these stem cells donated and reused are worth exploring.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Economics
Jeffrey Weaver
Summary: Corrupt government hiring is prevalent in developing countries, including the health bureaucracy. While hires pay significant bribes, their observable quality is comparable to merit-based hires. The consequences of corrupt hiring depend on the correlation between wealth and quality among applicants, with positive correlation leading to better service delivery outcomes.
AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW
(2021)
Review
Emergency Medicine
Xin Yuan, Li Li, Haofan Liu, Jing Luo, Yongchao Zhao, Cheng Pan, Xue Zhang, Yuwen Chen, Maling Gou
Summary: This article reviews emerging strategies to improve the therapeutic efficacy of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in tissue regeneration. These strategies include advanced cell expansion technologies, enhancing regenerative functions of ADSCs, and improving cell delivery efficiency. Critical issues about the sources, effectiveness, and safety of ADSCs are also pointed out.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Melissa S. Seaboch, Sydney N. Cahoon
Summary: The primate pet trade in the United States is significant, with a focus on platyrrhines. Male and young individuals make up a large proportion of the animals for sale, with prices varying widely. Demand for pet primates is influenced by media, fashion/status, and profit from breeding, indicating a complex interplay of factors driving this trade.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xin Wang, Mengxi Gao, Yali Wang, Yucheng Zhang
Summary: Diabetes is a complex metabolic disorder that requires new methods to restore pancreatic beta-cells. Pluripotent stem cells provide an ideal alternative source for generating these cells. This review systematically summarizes the progress, challenges, and future perspectives of using human pluripotent stem cells to treat diabetes.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tianyuan Shi, Martin Cheung
Summary: Using rodents for modeling neurological diseases has limitations due to differences in genetics, neural development, and physiology between humans and rodents. In the past decade, induced pluripotent stem cells and induced neural stem cells generated through reprogramming somatic cells have offered a powerful alternative for studying disease pathogenesis and testing regenerative medicines. Urine-derived stem cells are an ideal cell source for reprogramming due to their proliferation, multipotency, epithelial nature, and ease of reprogramming.
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yu Jin Jang, Mijeong Kim, Bum-Kyu Lee, Jonghwan Kim
Summary: The authors developed a simple procedure to convert human primed pluripotent stem cells into trophoblast stem-like cells using bone morphogenetic protein 4, providing an important opportunity to study human placenta development and pathology.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Law
Kenneth Ayotte, Jared A. Ellias
Summary: The lenders providing debtor-in-possession (DIP) loans have gained increasing contractual control over Chapter 11 reorganizations in recent decades, influencing the outcomes of the bankruptcy process. This study examines a large sample of DIP loan contracts and identifies a trend towards DIP lenders dictating the restructuring process. The authors introduce the concept of bankruptcy process sales, where managers sell control over bankruptcy cases to creditors in exchange for compensation. They highlight concerns when senior creditors leverage their financing to influence the case's outcome (plan protection) or to protect their claims against litigation (entitlement protection), both of which may result in suboptimal results for creditors as a whole. Empirical evidence supports these predictions based on a dataset of court documents.
YALE JOURNAL ON REGULATION
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Jennifer Soto, Xili Ding, Aijun Wang, Song Li
Summary: Neural crest stem cells (NCSCs) and neural crest-like stem cells (NCLSCs) are transient populations with self-renewal and multipotency properties, which can be derived through various methods and hold great potential for tissue regeneration applications.
STEM CELLS TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
