Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Orna Donath, Nitza Berkovitch, Dorit Segal-Engelchin
Summary: This study focuses on women who are undecided about becoming mothers and explores how they navigate their lives between conflicting cultural perceptions. The findings reveal that indecisiveness about motherhood may stem from both individualized neoliberal rhetoric and societal expectations for limited choices.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Greta Jakobsdottir, Runa Sif Stefansdottir, Sunna Gestsdottir, Vignir Stefansson, Erlingur Johannsson, Vaka Rognvaldsdottir, Thordis Lilja Gisladottir
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly impacted individuals' lifestyles and habits, leading to increased anxiety and loneliness as well as changes in food choices. This study investigated the influence of the pandemic on food choices, consumption of energy drinks, alcohol, fruits, and vegetables among first-year university students. The results showed that a significant number of students reported worsened food choices and increased consumption of caffeinated beverages. The study also highlighted the relationship between mental and physical health, physical activity, and food choices.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Sarah Eberz, Sandra Lang, Petra Breitenmoser, Kai Niebert
Summary: This research article analyzes the competencies of high-level decision makers in contributing to a sustainable future, emphasizing the importance of macroscopic decisions in shaping society and the environment. The findings highlight the significance of interdisciplinary competencies, such as systems and interpersonal thinking, and suggest focusing on public-sphere actions when educating future leaders.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Patrick O. Waeber, Natasha Stoudmann, James D. Langston, Jaboury Ghazoul, Lucienne Wilme, Jeffrey Sayer, Carlos Nobre, John L. Innes, Philip Fernbach, Steven A. Sloman, Claude A. Garcia
Summary: A new framework is proposed to understand irrational behavior in the climate debate, emphasizing the importance of information, beliefs, values, and means for constructive dialogue. Decision-makers diverge in responses to climate and biodiversity actions due to lacking efficient strategies to respond to threats. Bridging the gap and solving the climate crisis requires decision-makers to understand the complexity of the issue and behavior of others.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kari K. Koponen, Aaro Salosensaari, Matti O. Ruuskanen, Aki S. Havulinna, Satu Mannisto, Pekka Jousilahti, Joonatan Palmu, Rodolfo Salido, Karenina Sanders, Caitriona Brennan, Gregory C. Humphrey, Jon G. Sanders, Guillaume Meric, Susan Cheng, Michael Inouye, Mohit Jain, Teemu J. Niiranen, Liisa M. Valsta, Rob Knight, Veikko V. Salomaa
Summary: The study found that healthy dietary choices are associated with the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota, with plant-based and fiber-rich diets showing the strongest associations. These dietary choices also impact the functional potential of the microbiota, influencing processes like SCFA metabolism and synthesis.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
James D. Miller, Theo Vischel, Tazen Fowe, Geremy Panthou, Catherine Wilcox, Christopher M. Taylor, Emma Visman, Gnenakantanhan Coulibaly, Pepo Gonzalez, Richard Body, Gianni Vesuviano, Christophe Bouvier, Nanee Chahinian, Frederic Cazenave
Summary: This paper presents a decision-first approach to climate research by linking scientists and decision-makers in studying the climate-hydrology-flooding modeling chain. The study conducted in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso demonstrates that climate change intensifies flood risks in West Africa and provides important recommendations for future urban planning.
REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
Evanthia Dimara, Harry Zhang, Melanie Tory, Steven Franconeri
Summary: When an organization makes decisions, it usually relies on a decision maker with relevant knowledge and experience. The decision maker combines data analysis with non-formalized knowledge, considering the recommendations of analysts. However, there has been limited research on the tasks and challenges faced by organizational decision makers and how visualization tools can support them.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS
(2022)
Article
Business
Antoine Gilbert-Saad, Rod B. McNaughton, Frank Siedlok
Summary: This study focuses on the use of heuristics by nonexpert decision-makers, particularly young entrepreneurs with limited experience, in making marketing decisions. The findings show that these decision-makers use heuristics in a structured way, balancing market-oriented and internal-oriented criteria. The research suggests further investigation into how inexperienced decision-makers learn and apply heuristics.
MANAGEMENT DECISION
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Ram Kumar Dhurkari
Summary: A better method called MAGL (Multi-Attribute Gain Loss) is proposed to predict consumers' choices in a multi-attribute setting. The MAGL method incorporates prospect theory, Kauffman's complexity theory, norm theory, and context-dependent choice theory to model and predict the context-dependent choice behavior of consumers. The predictions of the MAGL method are valuable for marketing/product managers in the design of new products.
JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Educational
Esther M. Slot, Larike H. Bronkhorst, Sanne F. Akkerman, Theo Wubbels
Summary: This study examines the different combinations of vocational interests among Grade 9 students in the Netherlands and how differentiated and nondifferentiated interest structures are associated with students' educational and career-oriented decision-making processes. The findings reveal distinct vocational interest profiles and suggest that many students show similar levels of interest across different vocational activities, indicating the need for further research on the association between vocational interest structures and future-oriented decisions.
JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Decui Liang, Yuanyuan Fu, Zeshui Xu
Summary: In this paper, the decision-making process in group decision making (GDM) of organization management is explored through the construction of an adjustment mechanism based on hierarchical social networks. By identifying different types of followers and decision makers, computing their influence, and constructing suitable consensus models, the classification rules of three-way group decision are determined based on consensual loss information and Bayesian decision theory.
INFORMATION SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Christopher R. Gustafson
Summary: Many choices people make daily have significant implications for future health and well-being. Research shows that actively considering future health impacts can improve the nutritional quality of food choices, particularly for processed food products. Additionally, exposure to short health messages increases individuals' likelihood of considering future health impacts and making healthier choices overall.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Sheereen Harris, Steven R. Bray
Summary: This study found that mental fatigue alters decision-making through influencing people's cognitive effort and benefit vs. cost valuations when deciding to engage in exercise. Interview responses also highlight the individual-level consequences of completing cognitively demanding and non-demanding tasks on effort-based decision-making.
PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Tania Wittwer, Colin G. Tredoux, Jacques Py, Alicia Nortje, Kate Kempen, Celine Launay
Summary: This study aims to investigate the cognitive strategies used by eyewitnesses during lineup identification and their relationship with identification accuracy. The experiments conducted in France and South Africa revealed the impact of automatic recognition, elimination strategies, and familiarity on decision accuracy.
CONSCIOUSNESS AND COGNITION
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Sarka Tesarova, Ondrej Pekacek, Alessandro Porrovecchio
Summary: This study aims to investigate the impact of singular pandemic stressors on the population and quantify the contribution of different predictors of depression. The research collected data from 11,340 respondents from six European countries through a structured online survey and conducted statistical analysis on behavioral patterns and psychological well-being of different groups. The role of social media and its impact on depression symptoms in different age groups and characteristics were analyzed.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Dillon M. Luke, Craig S. Neumann, Bertram Gawronski
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between psychopathy and moral judgment, finding that psychopathy is weakly associated with sensitivity to moral norms, and not reliably linked to sensitivity to consequences or a preference for inaction over action.
CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Social
Bertram Gawronski
Summary: The study found that cognitive load during learning did not decrease the effects of stimulus relations as predicted, but instead showed more significant effects under high-load conditions. In contrast, the effects of stimulus co-occurrence were not significantly affected by cognitive load.
PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Social
Dillon M. Luke, Bertram Gawronski
Summary: Research reveals considerable disagreement between individuals in moral dilemma judgments, with high stability in sensitivity to consequences and sensitivity to norms, but lower stability in preference for inaction versus action. Furthermore, there are reliable associations between the three dimensions of moral dilemma judgments and basic personality traits in individuals.
PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Cedric Batailler, Skylar M. Brannon, Paul E. Teas, Bertram Gawronski
Summary: The article discusses the value of signal detection theory (SDT) in identifying fake news, focusing on the ability of people to accurately distinguish between real and fake news, as well as their response biases towards news regardless of its veracity. Reanalyses of existing data sets illustrate the value of SDT in understanding the determinants of fake-news beliefs, providing more nuanced insights into how partisan bias, cognitive reflection, and prior exposure influence the identification of fake news. The implications of SDT for using source-related information in identifying fake news, interventions to improve people's skills in detecting fake news, and debunking misinformation are also discussed.
PERSPECTIVES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Social
Mariola Paruzel-Czachura, Katarzyna Pypno, Jim A. C. Everett, Michal Bialek, Bertram Gawronski
Summary: This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of alcohol on moral judgments and found that alcohol does not increase utilitarian tendencies.
PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Social
Rui Jin, Tao Xia, Bertram Gawronski, Xiaoqing Hu
Summary: Sleep promotes adaptive evaluative choices by strengthening the impact of causal relations and enhancing memory for stimulus co-occurrences.
SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PERSONALITY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Ethics
Michael T. Dale, Bertram Gawronski
Summary: This article analyzes the implications of cognitive science on ethics, with a critical analysis of Joshua Greene's theory. Through research guided by the CNI model, it reveals problems with Greene's dual-process theory and questions his normative conclusions.
PHILOSOPHICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cari M. Pick, Ahra Ko, Douglas T. Kenrick, Adi Wiezel, Alexandra S. Wormley, Edmond Awad, Laith Al-Shawaf, Oumar Barry, Yoella Bereby-Meyer, Watcharaporn Boonyasiriwat, Eduard Brandstatter, Suzan Ceylan-Batur, Bryan K. C. Choy, Ana Carla Crispim, Julio Eduardo Cruz, Daniel David, Oana A. David, Renata Pereira Defelipe, Pinar Elmas, Agustin Espinosa, Ana Maria Fernandez, Velichko H. Fetvadjiev, Stefka Fetvadjieva, Ronald Fischer, Silvia Galdi, Oscar Javier Galindo-Caballero, Elena V. Golovina, Galina M. Golovina, Luis Gomez-Jacinto, Sylvie Graf, Igor Grossmann, Pelin Gul, Peter Halama, Takeshi Hamamura, Shihui Han, Lina S. Hansson, Hidefumi Hitokoto, Martina Hrebickova, Darinka Ilic, Jennifer Lee Johnson, Mane Kara-Yakoubian, Johannes A. Karl, Jinseok P. Kim, Michal Kohut, Julie Lasselin, Hwaryung Lee, Norman P. Li, Anthonieta Looman Mafra, Oksana Malanchuk, Simone Moran, Asuka Murata, Jinkyung Na, Serigne Abdou Lahat Ndiaye, O. Jiaqing, Ike E. Onyishi, Eddieson Pasay-an, Muhammed Rizwan, Eric Roth, Sergio Salgado, Elena S. Samoylenko, Tatyana N. Savchenko, Catarina Sette, A. Timur Sevincer, Eric Skoog, Adrian Stanciu, Eunkook M. Suh, Daniel Sznycer, Thomas Talhelm, Fabian O. Ugwu, Ayse K. Uskul, Irem Uz, Jaroslava Varella Valentova, Marco Antonio Correa Varella, Liuqing Wei, Danilo Zambrano, Michael E. W. Varnum
Summary: This study adopts an evolutionary approach to examine the variations of fundamental social motives across human societies. By collecting data from 42 countries, the researchers are able to compare the differences and similarities in people's social motives across different cultures and time points.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Vincenza Cinquegrana, Maddalena Marini, Silvia Galdi
Summary: Research has found that ambivalent sexism has an impact on the prevalence of psychological abuse, with this effect being mediated by attitudes supportive of violence, endorsement of legitimating myths, and acceptance of psychological aggression.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Social
Silvia Galdi, Francesca Guizzo, Fabio Fasoli
Summary: The presence of gay men in mainstream media can have a positive impact on viewers' attitudes. However, gay male characters are often portrayed stereotypically as feminine, and little research has been done on audience reactions to counter-stereotypical gay characters. This study found that exposure to counter-stereotypical gay characters increased discrimination against gay men, particularly among participants with higher levels of prejudice. This effect was explained by a reduction in perceived stereotypicality of the character. These findings support the prediction of social identity theory that heterosexual men would try to restore ingroup distinctiveness when gay men are perceived as too similar and potentially threatening to the group identity.
GROUP PROCESSES & INTERGROUP RELATIONS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Cari M. Pick, Ahra Ko, Alexandra S. Wormley, Adi Wiezel, Douglas T. Kenrick, Laith Al-Shawaf, Oumar Barry, Yoella Bereby-Meyer, Watcharaporn Boonyasiriwat, Eduard Brandstatter, Ana Carla Crispim, Julio Eduardo Cruz, Daniel David, Oana A. David, Renata Pereira Defelipe, Pinar Elmas, Agustin Espinosa, Ana Maria Fernandez, Velichko H. Fetvadjiev, Stefka Fetvadjieva, Ronald Fischer, Silvia Galdi, Oscar Javier Galindo-Caballero, Galina M. Golovina, Luis Gomez-Jacinto, Sylvie Graf, Igor Grossmann, Pelin Gul, Peter Halama, Takeshi Hamamura, Lina S. Hansson, Hidefumi Hitokoto, Martina Hrebickova, Darinka Ilic, Jennifer Lee Johnson, Mane Kara-Yakoubian, Johannes A. Karl, Michal Kohut, Julie Lasselin, Norman P. Li, Anthonieta Looman Mafra, Oksana Malanchuk, Simone Moran, Asuka Murata, Serigne Abdou Lahat Ndiaye, Jiaqing O, Ike E. Onyishi, Eddieson Pasay-an, Muhammed Rizwan, Eric Roth, Sergio Salgado, Elena S. Samoylenko, Tatyana N. Savchenko, A. Timur Sevincer, Eric Skoog, Adrian Stanciu, Eunkook M. Suh, Daniel Sznycer, Thomas Talhelm, Fabian O. Ugwu, Ayse K. Uskul, Irem Uz, Jaroslava Varella Valentova, Marco Antonio Correa Varella, Danilo Zambrano, Michael E. W. Varnum
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant social changes, including separation from friends and coworkers, increased contact with family, and reduced mobility. This study examines the impact of the pandemic on people's fundamental social motivations and goals. The findings show that disease avoidance motivation increased during the pandemic, while other social motives showed small but significant differences across waves. The prioritization of family-related motives over mating motives, as well as the association between well-being and family-related motives, remained consistent during the pandemic. These results provide further evidence for the importance of family-related motivations in times of social disruption.
EVOLUTION AND HUMAN BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Bertram Gawronski, Nyx L. Ng, Dillon M. Luke
Summary: Misinformation is a major challenge in the information age. This research investigated truth sensitivity and partisan bias in misinformation susceptibility. Participants showed the ability to distinguish between true and false information, but sharing decisions were influenced by other factors. Strong partisan bias was observed in veracity judgments and sharing decisions, and was unrelated to truth sensitivity. Cognitive reflection and subjective confidence were found to affect truth sensitivity and partisan bias respectively. Partisan bias was a stronger predictor of misinformation susceptibility than truth sensitivity. Implications and future research questions are discussed.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-GENERAL
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Social
Nyx L. Ng, Dillon M. Luke, Bertram Gawronski
Summary: Using the CNI model, this research explored the effects of thinking about reasons on sensitivity to consequences, sensitivity to moral norms, and general action preferences in moral-dilemma judgments. The results showed that thinking about reasons increased sensitivity to moral norms but had no significant effects on sensitivity to consequences and general action preferences. This challenges the modal view on the role of cognitive reflection in moral-dilemma judgment and highlights the importance of distinguishing between degree and content in cognitive reflection.
PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Bertram Gawronski, Alison Ledgerwood, Paul W. Eastwick
Summary: This article argues that equating implicit bias with bias on implicit measures is problematic and proposes the benefits of separating these two concepts, including resolving ambiguities, stimulating new research, providing a better foundation for theories, and highlighting the broader significance of implicit bias.
PSYCHOLOGICAL INQUIRY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Bertram Gawronski, Alison Ledgerwood, Paul W. Eastwick
PSYCHOLOGICAL INQUIRY
(2022)